FN 71 Burnet, ii. 3, 4. 15.
FN 72 ibid. ii. 5.
FN 73 “How does he do to distribute his hours, Some to the Court, and some to the City, Some to the State, and some to Love’s powers, Some to be vain, and some to be witty?”
The Modern Lampooners, a poem of 1690
FN 74 Burnet ii. 4
FN 75 Ronquillo calls the Whig functionaries “Gente que no tienen practica ni experiencia.” He adds, “Y de esto procede el pasarse un mes y un otro, sin executarse nada.” June 24. 1689. In one of the innumerable Dialogues which appeared at that time, the Tory interlocutor puts the question, “Do you think the government would be better served by strangers to business?” The Whig answers, “Better ignorant friends than understanding enemies.”
FN 76 Negotiations de M. Le Comte d’Avaux, 4 Mars 1683; Torcy’s Memoirs.
FN 77 The original correspondence of William and Heinsius is in Dutch. A French translation of all William’s letters, and an English translation of a few of Heinsius’s Letters, are among the Mackintosh MSS. The Baron Sirtema de Grovestins, who has had access to the originals, frequently quotes passages in his “Histoire des luttes et rivalites entre les puissances maritimes et la France.” There is very little difference in substance, though much in phraseology, between his version and that which I have used.
FN 78 Though these very convenient names are not, as far as I know, to be found in any book printed during the earlier years of William’s reign, I shall use them without scruple, as others have done, in writing about the transactions of those years.
FN 79 Burnet, ii. 8.; Birch’s Life of Tillotson; Life of Kettlewell, part iii. section 62.
FN 80 Swift, writing under the name of Gregory Misosarum, most malignantly and dishonestly represents Burnet as grudging this grant to the Church. Swift cannot have been ignorant that the Church was indebted for the grant chiefly to Burnet’s persevering exertions.
FN 81 See the Life of Burnet at the end of the second volume of his history, his manuscript memoirs, Harl. 6584, his memorials touching the First Fruits and Tenths, and Somers’s letter to him on that subject. See also what Dr. King, Jacobite as he was, had the justice to say in his Anecdotes. A most honourable testimony to Burnet’s virtues, given by another Jacobite who had attacked him fiercely, and whom he had treated generously, the learned and upright Thomas Baker, will be found in the Gentleman’s Magazine for August and September, 1791.
FN 82 Oldmixon would have us believe that Nottingham was not, at this time, unwilling to give up the Test Act. But Oldmixon’s assertion, unsupported by evidence, is of no weight whatever; and all the evidence which he produces makes against his assertion.
FN 83 Burnet, ii. 6.; Van Citters to the States General, March 1/11 1689; King William’s Toleration, being an explanation of that liberty of conscience which may be expected from His Majesty’s Declaration, with a Bill for Comprehension and Indulgence, drawn up in order to an Act of Parliament, licensed March 25. 1689.
FN 84 Commons’ Journals, May 17. 1689.
FN 85 Sense of the subscribed articles by the Ministers of London, 1690; Calamy’s Historical Additions to Baxter’s Life.
FN 86 The bill will be found among the Archives of the House of Lords. It is strange that this vast collection of important documents should have been altogether neglected, even by our most exact and diligent historians. It was opened to me by one of the most valued of my friends, Mr. John Lefevre; and my researches were greatly assisted by the kindness of Mr. Thoms.
FN 87 Among the Tanner MSS. in the Bodleian Library is a very curious letter from Compton to Sancroft, about the Toleration Bill and the Comprehension Bill, “These,” says Compton, “are two great works in which the being of our Church is concerned: and I hope you will send to the House for copies. For, though we are under a conquest, God has given us favour in the eyes of our rulers; and they may keep our Church if we will.” Sancroft seems to have returned no answer.
FN 88 The distaste of the High Churchman for the Articles is the subject of a curious pamphlet published in 1689, and entitled a Dialogue between Timothy and Titus.
FN 89 Tom Brown says, in his scurrilous way, of the Presbyterian divines of that time, that their preaching “brings in money, and money buys land; and land is an amusement they all desire, in spite of their hypocritical cant. If it were not for the quarterly contributions, there would be no longer schism or separation.” He asks how it can be imagined that, while “they are maintained like gentlemen by the breach they will ever preach up healing doctrines?”–Brown’s Amusements, Serious and Comical. Some curious instances of the influence exercised by the chief dissenting ministers may be found in Hawkins’s Life of Johnson. In the Journal of the retired citizen (Spectator, 317.) Addison has indulged in some exquisite pleasantry on this subject. The Mr. Nisby whose opinions about the peace, the Grand Vizier, and laced coffee, are quoted with so much respect, and who is so well regaled with marrow bones, ox cheek, and a bottle of Brooks and Hellier, was John Nesbit, a highly popular preacher, who about the time of the Revolution, became pastor of a dissenting congregation in flare Court Aldersgate Street. In Wilson’s History and Antiquities of Dissenting Churches and Meeting Houses in London, Westminster, and Southwark, will be found several instances of nonconformist preachers who, about this time, made handsome fortunes, generally, it should seem, by marriage.
FN 90 See, among many other tracts, Dodwell’s Cautionary Discourse, his Vindication of the Deprived Bishops, his Defence of the Vindication, and his Paraenesis; and Bisby’s Unity of Priesthood, printed in 1692. See also Hody’s tracts on the other side, the Baroccian MS., and Solomon and Abiathar, a Dialogue between Eucheres and Dyscheres.
FN 91 Burnet, ii. 135. Of all attempts to distinguish between the deprivations of 1559 and the deprivations of 1689, the most absurd was made by Dodwell. See his Doctrine of the Church of England concerning the independency of the Clergy on the lay Power, 1697.
FN 92 As to this controversy, see Burnet, ii. 7, 8, 9.; Grey’s Debates, April 19. and 22. 1689; Commons’ Journals of April 20. and 22.; Lords’ Journals, April 21.
FN 93 Lords’ Journals, March 16. 1689.
FN 94 Burnet, ii. 7, 8.
FN 95 Burnet says (ii. 8.) that the proposition to abolish the sacramental test was rejected by a great majority in both Houses. But his memory deceived him; for the only division on the subject in the House of Commons was that mentioned in the text. It is remarkable that Gwyn and Rowe, who were tellers for the majority, were two of the strongest Whigs in the House.
FN 96 Lords’ Journals, March 21. 1689.
FN 97 Lords’ Journals, April 5. 1689; Burnet, ii. 10.
FN 98 Commons’ Journals, March 28. April 1. 1689; Paris Gazette, April 23. Part of the passage in the Paris Gazette is worth quoting. “Il y eut, ce jour le (March 28), une grande contestation dans la Chambre Basse, sur la proposition qui fut faite de remettre les séences apres les fetes de Pasques observees toujours par l’Eglise Anglicane. Les Protestans conformistes furent de cet avis; et les Presbyterians emporterent a la pluralite des voix que les seances recommenceroient le Lundy, seconde feste de Pasques.” The Low Churchmen are frequently designated as Presbyterians by the French and Dutch writers of that age. There were not twenty Presbyterians, properly so called, in the House of Commons. See A. Smith and Cutler’s plain Dialogue about Whig and Tory, 1690.
FN 99 Accounts of what passed at the Conferences will be found in the Journals of the Houses, and deserve to be read.
FN 100 Journals, March 28. 1689; Grey’s Debates.
FN 101 I will quote some expressions which have been preserved in the concise reports of these debates. Those expressions are quite decisive as to the sense in which the oath was understood by the legislators who framed it. Musgrave said, “There is no occasion for this proviso. It cannot be imagined that any bill from hence will ever destroy the legislative power.” Pinch said, “The words established by law, hinder not the King from passing any bill for the relief of Dissenters. The proviso makes the scruple, and gives the occasion for it.” Sawyer said, “This is the first proviso of this nature that ever was in any bill. It seems to strike at the legislative power.” Sir Robert Cotton said, “Though the proviso looks well and Healing, yet it seems to imply a defect. Not able to alter laws as occasion requires! This, instead of one scruple, raises more, as if you were so bound up to the ecclesiastical government that you cannot make any new laws without such a proviso.” Sir Thomas Lee said, “It will, I fear, creep in that other laws cannot be made without such a proviso therefore I would lay it aside.”
FN 102 Lady Henrietta whom her uncle Clarendon calls “pretty little Lady Henrietta,” and “the best child in the world” (Diary, Jan. 168-I), was soon after married to the Earl of Dalkeith, eldest son of the unfortunate Duke of Monmouth.
FN 103 The sermon deserves to be read. See the London Gazette of April 14. 1689; Evelyn’s Diary; Narcissus Luttrell’s Diary; and the despatch of the Dutch Ambassadors to the States General.
FN 104 A specimen of the prose which the Jacobites wrote on this subject will be found in the Somers Tracts. The Jacobite verses were generally too loathsome to be quoted. I select some of the most decent lines from a very rare lampoon
“The eleventh of April has come about, To Westminster went the rabble rout,
In order to crown a bundle of clouts, a dainty fine King indeed.
“Descended he is from the Orange tree; But, if I can read his destiny,
He’ll once more descend from another tree, a dainty fine King indeed.
“He has gotten part of the shape of a man, But more of a monkey, deny it who can;
He has the head of a goose, but the legs of a crane, A dainty fine King indeed.”
A Frenchman named Le Noble, who had been banished from his own country for his crimes, but, by the connivance of the police, lurked in Paris, and earned a precarious livelihood as a bookseller’s hack published on this occasion two pasquinades, now extremely scarce, “Le Couronnement de Guillemot et de Guillemette, avec le Sermon du grand Docteur Burnet,” and “Le Festin de Guillemot.” In wit, taste and good sense, Le Noble’s writings are not inferior to the English poem which I have quoted. He tells us that the Archbishop of York and the Bishop of London had a boxing match in the Abbey; that the champion rode up the Hall on an ass, which turned restive and kicked over the royal table with all the plate; and that the banquet ended in a fight between the peers armed with stools and benches, and the cooks armed with spits. This sort of pleasantry, strange to say, found readers; and the writer’s portrait was pompously engraved with the motto “Latrantes ride: to tua fama manet.”
FN 105 Reresby’s Memoirs.
FN 106 For the history of the devastation of the Palatinate, see the Memoirs of La Fare, Dangeau, Madame de la Fayette, Villars, and Saint Simon, and the Monthly Mercuries for March and April, 1689. The pamphlets and broadsides are too numerous to quote. One broadside, entitled “A true Account of the barbarous Cruelties committed by the French in the Palatinate in January and February last,” is perhaps the most remarkable.
FN 107 Memoirs of Saint Simon.
FN 108 I will quote a few lines from Leopold’s letter to James: “Nunc autem quo loco res nostrae sint, ut Serenitati vestrae auxilium praestari possit a nobis, qui non Turcico tantum bello impliciti, sed insuper etiam crudelissimo et iniquissimo a Gallis, rerun suarum, ut putabant, in Anglia securis, contra datam fidem impediti sumus, ipsimet Serenitati vestrae judicandum relinquimus . . . . Galli non tantum in nostrum et totius Christianae orbis perniciem foedifraga arma cum juratis Sanctae Crucis hostibus sociare fas sibi ducunt; sed etiam in imperio, perfidiam perfidia cumulando, urbes deditione occupatas contra datam fidem immensis tributis exhaurire exhaustas diripere, direptas funditus exscindere aut flammis delere Palatia Principum ab omni antiquitate inter saevissima bellorum incendia intacta servata exurere, templa spoliare, dedititios in servitutem more apud barbaros usitato abducere, denique passim, imprimis vero etiam in Catholicorum ditionibus, alia horrenda, et ipsam Turcorum tyrannidem superantia immanitatis et saevitiae exempla edere pro ludo habent.”
FN 109 See the London Gazettes of Feb. 25. March 11. April 22. May 2. and the Monthly Mercuries. Some of the Declarations will be found in Dumont’s Corps Universel Diplomatique.
FN 110 Commons Journals, April 15. 16. 1689.
FN 111 Oldmixon.
FN 112 Commons’ Journals, April 19. 24. 26. 1689.
FN 113 The Declaration is dated on the 7th of May, but was not published in the London Gazette till the 13th.
FN 114 The general opinion of the English on this subject is clearly
expressed in a little tract entitled “Aphorisms relating to the Kingdom
of Ireland,” which appeared during the vacancy of the throne.
FN 115 King’s State of the Protestants of Ireland, ii. 6. and iii. 3.
FN 116 King, iii. 3. Clarendon, in a letter to Rochester (June 1. 1686), calls Nugent “a very troublesome, impertinent creature.”
FN 117 King, iii. 3.
FN 118 King, ii. 6., iii. 3. Clarendon, in a letter to Ormond (Sep. 28.
1686), speaks highly of Nagle’s knowledge and ability, but in the Diary (Jan. 31. 1686/7) calls him “a covetous, ambitious man.”
FN 119 King, ii. 5. 1, iii. 3. 5.; A Short View of the Methods made use
of in Ireland for the Subversion and Destruction of the Protestant
Religion and Interests, by a Clergyman lately escaped from thence,
licensed Oct. 17. 1689.
FN 120 King, iii. 2. I cannot find that Charles Leslie, who was zealous
on the other side, has, in his Answer to King, contradicted any of
these facts. Indeed Leslie gives up Tyrconnel’s administration. “I
desire to obviate one objection which I know will be made, as if I were
about wholly to vindicate all that the Lord Tyrconnel and other of King
James’s ministers have done in Ireland, especially before this revolution began, and which most of any thing brought it on. No; I am
far from it. I am sensible that their carriage in many particulars gave
greater occasion to King James’s enemies than all the other in maladministrations which were charged upon his government.” Leslie’s
Answer to King, 1692.
FN 121 A True and Impartial Account of the most material Passages in
Ireland since December 1688, by a Gentleman who was an Eyewitness;
licensed July 22. 1689.
FN 122 True and Impartial Account, 1689; Leslie’s Answer to King, 1692.
FN 123 There have been in the neighbourhood of Killarney specimens of
the arbutus thirty feet high and four feet and a half round. See the
Philosophical Transactions, 227.
FN 124 In a very full account of the British isles published at Nuremberg in 1690 Kerry is described as “an vielen Orten unwegsam und
voller Wilder and Geburge.” Wolves still infested Ireland. “Kein schadlich Thier ist da, ausserhalb Wolff and Fuchse.” So late as the
year 1710 money was levied on presentments of the Grand Jury of Kerry
for the destruction of wolves in that county. See Smith’s Ancient and
Modern State of the County of Kerry, 1756. I do not know that I have
ever met with a better book of the kind and of the size. In a poem
published as late as 1719, and entitled Macdermot, or the Irish Fortune
Hunter, in six cantos, wolfhunting and wolfspearing are represented as
common sports in Munster. In William’s reign Ireland was sometimes
called by the nickname of Wolfland. Thus in a poem on the battle of La
Vogue, called Advice to a Painter, the terror of the Irish army is thus
described
“A chilling damp
And Wolfland howl runs thro’ the rising camp.”
FN 125 Smith’s Ancient and Modern State of Kerry.
FN 126 Exact Relation of the Persecutions, Robberies, and Losses, sustained by the Protestants of Killmare in Ireland, 1689; Smith’s
Ancient and Modern State of Kerry, 1756.
FN 127 Ireland’s Lamentation, licensed May 18. 1689.
FN 128 A True Relation of the Actions of the Inniskilling men, by Andrew Hamilton, Rector of Kilskerrie, and one of the Prebends of the
Diocese of Clogher, an Eyewitness thereof and Actor therein, licensed
Jan. 15. 1689/90; A Further Impartial Account of the Actions of the
Inniskilling men, by Captain William Mac Cormick, one of the first that
took up Arms, 1691.
FN 129 Hamilton’s True Relation; Mac Cormick’s Further Impartial Account.
FN 130 Concise View of the Irish Society, 1822; Mr. Heath’s interesting
Account of the Worshipful Company of Grocers, Appendix 17.
FN 131 The Interest of England in the preservation of Ireland, licensed
July 17. 1689.
FN 132 These things I observed or learned on the spot.
FN 133 The best account that I have seen of what passed at Londonderry
during the war which began in 1641 is in Dr. Reid’s History of the
Presbyterian Church in Ireland.
FN 134 The Interest of England in the Preservation of Ireland; 1689.
FN 135 My authority for this unfavourable account of the corporation is
an epic poem entitled the Londeriad. This extraordinary work must have
been written very soon after the events to which it relates; for it is
dedicated to Robert Rochfort, Speaker of the House of Commons; and
Rochfort was Speaker from 1695 to 1699. The poet had no invention; he
had evidently a minute knowledge of the city which he celebrated; and
his doggerel is consequently not without historical value. He says
“For burgesses and freemen they had chose Broguemakers, butchers, raps, and such as those In all the corporation not a man
Of British parents, except Buchanan.”
This Buchanan is afterwards described as
“A knave all o’er
For he had learned to tell his beads before.”
FN 136 See a sermon preached by him at Dublin on Jan. 31. 1669. The
text is “Submit yourselves to every ordinance of man for the Lord’s
sake.”
FN 137 Walker’s Account of the Siege of Derry, 1689; Mackenzie’s Narrative of the Siege of Londonderry, 1689; An Apology for the failures charged on the Reverend Mr. Walker’s Account of the late Siege
of Derry, 1689; A Light to the Blind. This last work, a manuscript in
the possession of Lord Fingal, is the work of a zealous Roman Catholic
and a mortal enemy of England. Large extracts from it are among the
Mackintosh MSS. The date in the titlepage is 1711.
FN 138 As to Mountjoy’s character and position, see Clarendon’s letters
from Ireland, particularly that to Lord Dartmouth of Feb. 8., and that
to Evelyn of Feb. 14 1685/6. “Bon officier, et homme d’esprit,” says
Avaux.
FN 139 Walker’s Account; Light to the Blind.
FN 140 Mac Cormick’s Further Impartial Account.
FN 141 Burnet, i. 807; and the notes by Swift and Dartmouth. Tutchin,
in the Observator, repeats this idle calumny.
FN 142 The Orange Gazette, Jan. 10 1688/9.
FN 143 Memoires de Madame de la Fayette.
FN 144 Burnet, i. 808; Life of James, ii. 320.; Commons’ Journals, July
29. 1689.
FN 145 Avaux to Lewis, Mar 25/April 4 1659.
FN 146 Clarke’s Life of James, ii. 321.; Mountjoy’s Circular Letter,
dated Jan. 10 1688/9;; King, iv. 8. In “Light to the Blind” Tyrconnel’s
“wise dissimulation” is commended.
FN 147 Avaux to Lewis April, 11. 1689.
FN 148 Printed Letter from Dublin, Feb. 25. 1689; Mephibosheth and
Ziba, 1689.
FN 149 The connection of the priests with the old Irish families is
mentioned in Petty’s Political Anatomy of Ireland. See the Short View
by a Clergyman lately escaped, 1689; Ireland’s Lamentation, by an English Protestant that lately narrowly escaped with life from thence,
1689; A True Account of the State of Ireland, by a person who with
great difficulty left Dublin, 1689; King, ii. 7. Avaux confirms all
that these writers say about the Irish officers.
FN 150 At the French War Office is a report on the State of Ireland in
February 1689. In that report it is said that the Irish who had enlisted as soldiers were forty-five thousand, and that the number
would have been a hundred thousand if all who volunteered had been
admitted. See the Sad and Lamentable Condition of the Protestants in
Ireland, 1689; Hamilton’s True Relation, 1690; The State of Papist and
Protestant Properties in the Kingdom of Ireland, 1689; A true Representation to the King and People of England how Matters were carried on all along in Ireland, licensed Aug. 16. 1689; Letter from
Dublin, 1689; Ireland’s Lamentation, 1689; Compleat History of the Life
and Military Actions of Richard, Earl of Tyrconnel, Generalissimo of
all the Irish forces now in arms, 1689.
FN 151 See the proceedings in the State Trials.
FN 152 King, iii. 10.
FN 153 Ten years, says the French ambassador; twenty years, says a
Protestant fugitive.
FN 154 Animadversions on the proposal for sending back the nobility and
gentry of Ireland; 1689/90.
FN 155 King, iii. 10; The Sad Estate and Condition of Ireland, as represented in a Letter from a Worthy Person who was in Dublin on Friday last March. 1689; Short View by a Clergyman, 1689; Lamentation
of Ireland 1689; Compleat History of the Life and Actions of Richard,
Earl of Tyrconnel, 1689; The Royal Voyage, acted in 1689 and 1690. This
drama, which, I believe, was performed at Bartholomew Fair, is one of
the most curious of a curious class of compositions, utterly destitute
of literary merit, but valuable as showing what were then the most
successful claptraps for an audience composed of the common people.
“The end of this play,” says the author in his preface, “is chiefly to
expose the perfidious base, cowardly, and bloody nature of the Irish.”
The account which the fugitive Protestants give of the wanton destruction of cattle is confirmed by Avaux in a letter to Lewis, dated
April 13/23 1689, and by Desgrigny in a letter to Louvois, dated May
17/27. 1690. Most of the despatches written by Avaux during his mission
to Ireland are contained in a volume of which a very few copies were
printed some years ago at the English Foreign Office. Of many I have
also copies made at the French Foreign Office. The letters of Desgrigny, who was employed in the Commissariat, I found in the Library
of the French War Office. I cannot too strongly express my sense of the
liberality and courtesy with which the immense and admirably arranged
storehouses of curious information at Paris were thrown open to me.
FN 156 “A remarkable thing never to be forgotten was that they that
were in government then”–at the end of 1688–“seemed to favour us and
endeavour to preserve Friends.” history of the Rise and Progress of the
People called Quakers in Ireland, by Wight and Rutty, Dublin, 1751.
King indeed (iii. 17) reproaches the Quakers as allies and tools of the
Papists.
FN 157 Wight and Rutty.
FN 158 Life of James, ii. 327. Orig. Mem. Macarthy and his feigned name
are repeatedly mentioned by Dangeau.
FN 159 Exact Relation of the Persecutions, Robberies and Losses sustained by the Protestants of Killmare in Ireland, 1689.
FN 160 A true Representation to the King and People of England how
Matters were carried on all along in Ireland by the late King James,
licensed Aug. 16. 1689; A true Account of the Present State of Ireland
by a Person that with Great Difficulty left Dublin, licensed June 8.
1689.
FN 161 Hamilton’s Actions of the Inniskilling Men, 1689.
FN 162 Walker’s Account, 1689.
FN 163 Mackenzie’s Narrative; Mac Cormack’s Further Impartial Account;
Story’s Impartial History of the Affairs of Ireland, 1691; Apology for
the Protestants of Ireland; Letter from Dublin of Feb. 25. 1689; Avaux
to Lewis, April 15/25. 1689.
FN 164 Memoires de Madame de la Fayette; Madame de Sevigne to Madame de
Grignan, Feb. 28. 1689.
FN 165 Burnet, ii. 17; Clarke’s Life of James II., 320, 321, 322,
FN 166 Maumont’s Instructions.
FN 167 Dangeau, Feb. 15/25 17/27 1689; Madame de Sevigne, 18/28 Feb.
20/March; Memoires de Madame de la Fayette.
FN 168 Memoirs of La Fare and Saint Simon; Note of Renaudot on English
affairs 1697, in the French Archives; Madame de Sevigne, Feb 20/March
2, March 11/21, 1689; Letter of Madame de Coulanges to M. de Coulanges,
July 23. 1691.
FN 169 See Saint Simon’s account of the trick by which Avaux tried to
pass himself off at Stockholm as a Knight of the Order of the Holy
Ghost.
FN 170 This letter, written to Lewis from the harbour of Brest, is in
the Archives of the French Foreign Office, but is wanting in the very
rare volume printed in Downing Street.
FN 171 A full and true Account of the Landing and Reception of the late
King James at Kinsale, in a letter from Bristol, licensed April 4.
1689; Leslie’s Answer to King; Ireland’s Lamentation; Avaux, March
13/23
FN 172 Avaux, March. 13/23 1689; Life of James, ii. 327. Orig. Mem.
FN 173 Avaux, March 15/25. 1689.
FN 174 Ibid. March 25/April 4 1689
FN 175 A full and true Account of the Landing and Reception of the late
King James; Ireland’s Lamentation; Light to the Blind.
FN 176 See the calculations of Petty, King, and Davenant. If the average number of inhabitants to a house was the same in Dublin as in
London, the population of Dublin would have been about thirty- four
thousand.
FN 177 John Damon speaks of College Green near Dublin. I have seen
letters of that age directed to the College, by Dublin. There are some
interesting old maps of Dublin in the British Museum.
FN 178 Clarendon to Rochester, Feb. 8. 1685/6, April 20. Aug. 12. Nov.
30. 1686.
FN 179 Clarke’s Life of James II, ii. 330.; Full and true Account of
the Landing and Reception, &c.; Ireland’s Lamentation.
FN 180 Clarendon’s Diary; Reresby’s Memoirs; Narcissus Luttrell’s Diary. I have followed Luttrell’s version of Temple’s last words. It
agrees in substance with Clarendon’s, but has more of the abruptness
natural on such an occasion. If anything could make so tragical an
event ridiculous, it would be the lamentation of the author of the
Londeriad
“The wretched youth against his friend exclaims, And in despair drowns himself in the Thames.”
FN 181 Much light is thrown on the dispute between the English and
Irish parties in James’s Council, by a remarkable letter of Bishop
Maloney to Bishop Tyrrel, which will be found in the Appendix to Kings
State of the Protestants.
FN 182 Avaux, March 25/April 4 1689, April. But it is less from any
single letter, than from the whole tendency and spirit of the correspondence of Avaux, that I have formed my notion of his objects.
FN 183 “Il faut donc, oubliant qu’il a este Roy d’Angleterre et d’Escosse, ne penser qu’a ce qui peut bonifier l’Irlande, et luy faciliter les moyens d’y subsister.” Louvois to Avaux, June 3/13. 1689.
FN 184 See the despatches written by Avaux during April 1689; Light to
the Blind.
FN 185 Avaux, April 6/16 1689.
FN 186 Avaux, May 8/18 1689.
FN 187 Pusignan to Avaux March 30/April 9 1689.
FN 188 This lamentable account of the Irish beer is taken from a despatch which Desgrigny wrote from Cork to Louvois, and which is in
the archives of the French War Office.
FN 189 Avaux, April 13/23. 1689; April 20/30,
FN 190 Avaux to Lewis, April 15/25 1689, and to Louvois, of the same
date.
FN 191 Commons’ Journals, August 12. 1689; Mackenzie’s Narrative.
FN 192 Avaux, April 17/27. 1689. The story of these strange changes of
purpose is told very disingenuously in the Life of James, ii. 330, 331,
332. Orig. Mem.
FN 193 Life of James, ii. 334, 335. Orig. Mem.
FN 194 Memoirs of Saint Simon. Some English writers ignorantly speak of
Rosen as having been, at this time, a Marshal of France. He did not
become so till 1703. He had long been a Marechal de Camp, which is a
very different thing, and had been recently promoted to the rank of
Lieutenant General.
FN 195 Avaux, April 4/14 1689, Among the MSS. in the British Museum is
a curious report on the defences of Londonderry, drawn up in 1705 for
the Duke of Ormond by a French engineer named Thomas.
FN 196 Commons’ Journals, August 12. 1689.
FN 197 The best history of these transactions will be found in the
journals of the House of Commons, August 12. 1689. See also the narratives of Walker and Mackenzie.
FN 198 Mackenzie’s Narrative,
FN 199 Walker and Mackenzie.
FN 200 See the Character of the Protestants of Ireland 1689, and the
Interest of England in the Preservation of Ireland, 1689. The former
pamphlet is the work of an enemy, the latter of a zealous friend.
FN 201 There was afterwards some idle dispute about the question whether Walker was properly Governor or not. To me it seems quite clear
that he was so.
FN 202 Mackenzie’s Narrative; Funeral Sermon on Bishop Hopkins, 1690.
FN 203 Walker’s True Account, 1689. See also The Apology for the True
Account, and the Vindication of the True Account, published in the same
year. I have called this man by the name by which he was known in Ireland. But his real name was Houstoun. He is frequently mentioned in
the strange volume entitled Faithful Contendings Displayed.
FN 204 A View of the Danger and Folly of being publicspirited, by William Hamill, 1721
FN 205 See Walker’s True Account and Mackenzie’s Narrative.
FN 206 Walker; Mackenzie; Avaux, April 26/May 6 1689. There is a tradition among the Protestants of Ulster that Maumont fell by the
sword of Murray: but on this point the report made by the French ambassador to his master is decisive. The truth is that there are almost as many mythical stories about the siege of Londonderry as about
the siege of Troy. The legend about Murray and Maumont dates from 1689.
In the Royal Voyage which was acted in that year, the combat between
the heroes is described in these sonorous lines
“They met; and Monsieur at the first encounter Fell dead, blaspheming, on the dusty plain, And dying, bit the ground.”
FN 207 “Si c’est celuy qui est sorti de France le dernier, qui s’appelloit Richard, il n’a jamais veu de siege, ayant toujours servi
en Rousillon.”–Louvois to Avaux, June 8/18. 1689.
FN 208 Walker; Mackenzie; Avaux to Louvois, May 2/12. 4/14 1689; James
to Hamilton, May 28/June 8 in the library of the Royal Irish Academy.
Louvois wrote to Avaux in great indignation. “La mauvaise conduite que
l’on a tenue devant Londondery a couste la vie a M. de Maumont et a M.
de Pusignan. Il ne faut pas que sa Majesté Britannique croye qu’en
faisant tuer des officiers generaux comme des soldats, on puisse ne
l’en point laisser manquer. Ces sortes de gens sont rates en tout pays,
et doivent estre menagez.”
FN 209 Walker; Mackenzie; Avaux, June 16/26 1689.
FN 210 As to the discipline of Galmoy’s Horse, see the letter of Avaux
to Louvois, dated Sept. 10/30. Horrible stories of the cruelty, both of
the colonel and of his men, are told in the Short View, by a Clergyman,
printed in 1689, and in several other pamphlets of that year. For the
distribution of the Irish forces, see the contemporary maps of the
siege. A catalogue of the regiments, meant, I suppose to rival the
catalogue in the Second Book of the Iliad, will be found in the Londeriad.
FN 211 Life of Admiral Sir John Leake, by Stephen M. Leake, Clarencieux
King at Arms, 1750. Of this book only fifty copies were printed.
FN 212 Avaux, May 8/18 May 26/June 5 1689; London Gazette, May 9.; Life
of James, ii. 370.; Burchett’s Naval Transactions; Commons’ Journals,
May 18, 21. From the Memoirs of Madame de la Fayette it appears that
this paltry affair was correctly appreciated at Versailles.
FN 213 King, iii. 12; Memoirs of Ireland from the Restoration, 1716.
Lists of both Houses will be found in King’s Appendix.
FN 214 I found proof of Plowden’s connection with the Jesuits in a
Treasury Letterbook, June 12, 1689.
FN 215 “Sarsfield,” Avaux wrote to Louvois, Oct. 11/21. 1689, “n’est
pas un homme de la naissance de mylord Galloway” (Galmoy, I suppose)
“ny de Makarty: mais c’est un gentilhomme distingue par son merite, qui
a plus de credit dans ce royaume qu’aucun homme que je connoisse. Il a
de la valeur, mais surtout de l’honneur et de la probite a toute epreuve . . . homme qui sera toujours a la tete de ses troupes, et qui
en aura grand soin.” Leslie, in his Answer to King, says that the Irish
Protestants did justice to Sarsfield’s integrity and honour. Indeed
justice is done to Sarsfield even in such scurrilous pieces as the
Royal Flight.
FN 216 Journal of the Parliament in Ireland, 1689. The reader must not
imagine that this journal has an official character. It is merely a
compilation made by a Protestant pamphleteer and printed in London.
FN 217 Life of James, ii. 355.
FN 218 Journal of the Parliament in Ireland.
FN 219 Avaux May 26/June 5 1689.
FN 220 A True Account of the Present State of Ireland, by a Person that
with Great Difficulty left Dublin, 1689; Letter from Dublin, dated June
12. 1689; Journal of the Parliament in Ireland.
FN 221 Life of James, ii. 361, 362, 363. In the Life it is said that
the proclamation was put forth without the privity of James, but that
he subsequently approved of it. See Welwood’s Answer to the Declaration, 1689.
FN 222 Light to the Blind; An Act declaring that the Parliament of
England cannot bind Ireland against Writs of Error and Appeals, printed
in London, 1690.
FN 223 An Act concerning Appropriate Tythes and other Duties payable to
Ecclesiastical Dignitaries. London 1690.
FN 224 An Act for repealing the Acts of Settlement and Explanation and
all Grants, Patents, and Certificates pursuant to them or any of them.
London, 1690.
FN 225 See the paper delivered to James by Chief Justice Keating, and
the speech of the Bishop of Meath. Both are in King’s Appendix. Life of
James, ii. 357-361.
FN 226 Leslie’s Answer to King; Avaux, May 26/June 5 1689; Life of
James, ii. 358.
FN 227 Avaux May 28/June 7 1689, and June 20/July 1. The author of
Light to the Blind strongly condemns the indulgence shown to the Protestant Bishops who adhered to James.
FN 228 King, iii. 11.; Brief Memoirs by Haynes, Assay Master of the
Mint, among the Lansdowne MSS. at the British Museum, No. 801. I have
seen several specimens of this coin. The execution is surprisingly
good, all circumstances considered.
FN 229 King, iii. 12.
FN 230 An Act for the Attainder of divers Rebels and for preserving the
Interest of loyal Subjects, London, 1690.
FN 231 King, iii. 13.
FN 232 His name is in the first column of page 30. in that edition of
the List which was licensed March 26, 1690. I should have thought that
the proscribed person must have been some other Henry Dodwell. But
Bishop Kennet’s second letter to the Bishop of Carlisle, 1716, leaves
no doubt about the matter.
FN 233 A list of most of the Names of the Nobility, Gentry, and Commonalty of England and Ireland (amongst whom are several Women and
Children) who are all, by an Act of a Pretended parliament assembled in
Dublin, attainted of High Treason, 1690; An Account of the Transactions
of the late King James in Ireland, 1690; King, iii. 13.; Memoirs of
Ireland, 1716.
FN 234 Avaux July 27/Aug 6. 1689.
FN 235 King’s State of the Protestants in Ireland, iii. 19.
FN 236 Ibid. iii. 15.
FN 237 Leslie’s Answer to King.
FN 238 “En comparazion de lo que se hace in Irlanda con los Protestantes, es nada.” April 29/May 6 1689; “Para que vea Su Santitad
que aqui estan los Catolicos mas benignamente tratados que los Protestantes in Irlanda.” June 19/29
FN 239 Commons’ Journals, June 15. 1689.
FN 240 Stat. 1 W.&M. sess. 1. c. 29.
FN 241 Grey’s Debates, June 19. 1689.
FN 242 Ibid. June 22. 1689.
FN 243 Hamilton’s True Relation; Mac Cormick’s Further Account. Of the
island generally, Avaux says, “On n’attend rien de cette recolte cy,
les paysans ayant presque tous pris les armes.–Letters to Louvois,
March 19/29 1689.
FN 244 Hamilton’s True Relation.
FN 245 Walker.
FN 246 Walker; Mackenzie.
FN 247 Avaux, June 16/26 1689.
FN 248 Walker; Mackenzie; Light to the Blind; King, iii. 13; Leslie’s
Answer to King; Life of James, ii, 364. I ought to say that on this
occasion King is unjust to James.
FN 249 Leslie’s Answer to King; Avaux, July 5/15. 1689. “Je trouvay
l’expression bien forte: mais je ne voulois rien repondre, car le Roy
s’estoit, desja fort emporte.”
FN 250 Mackenzie.
FN 251 Walker’s Account. “The fat man in Londonderry” became a proverbial expression for a person whose prosperity excited the envy
and cupidity of his less fortunate neighbours.
FN 252 This, according to Narcissus Luttrell was the report made by Captain Withers, afterwards a highly distinguished officer, on whom
Pope wrote an epitaph.
FN 253 The despatch which positively commanded Kirke to attack the
boom, was signed by Schomberg, who had already been appointed commander
in chief of all the English forces in Ireland. A copy of it is among
the Nairne MSS. in the Bodleian Library. Wodrow, on no better authority
than the gossip of a country parish in Dumbartonshire, attributes the
relief of Londonderry to the exhortations of a heroic Scotch preacher
named Gordon. I am inclined to think that Kirke was more likely to be
influenced by a peremptory order from Schomberg, than by the united
eloquence of a whole synod of presbyterian divines.
FN 254 Walker; Mackenzie; Histoire de la Revolution d’Irlande, Amsterdarn, 1691; London Gazette, Aug. 5/15; 1689; Letter of Buchan
among the Nairne MSS.; Life of Sir John Leake; The Londeriad; Observations on Mr. Walker’s Account of the Siege of Londonderry, licensed Oct, 4. 1689.
FN 255 Avaux to Seignelay, July 18/28 to Lewis, Aug. 9/19
FN 256 “You will see here, as you have all along, that the tradesmen of
Londonderry had more skill in their defence than the great officers of
the Irish army in their attacks.” Light to the Blind. The author of
this work is furious against the Irish gunners. The boom he thinks,
would never have been broken if they had done their duty. Were they
drunk? Were they traitors? He does not determine the point. “Lord,” he
exclaims, “who seest the hearts of people, we leave the judgment of
this affair to thy mercy. In the interim those gunners lost Ireland.”
FN 257 In a collection entitled “Derriana,” which was published more
than sixty years ago, is a curious letter on this subject.
FN 258 Bernardi’s Life of Himself, 1737.
FN 259 Hamilton’s True Relation; Mac Cormick’s Further Account; London
Gazette, Aug. 22. 1689; Life of James, ii. 368, 369.; Avaux to Lewis,
Aug. 30., and to Louvois of the same date. Story mentions a report that
the panic among the Irish was caused by the mistake of an officer who
called out “Right about face” instead of “Right face.” Neither Avaux
nor James had heard any thing about this mistake. Indeed the dragoons
who set the example of flight were not in the habit of waiting for
orders to turn their backs on an enemy. They had run away once before
on that very day. Avaux gives a very simple account of the defeat: “Ces
mesmes dragons qui avoient fuy le matin lascherent le pied avec tout le
reste de la cavalerie, sans tirer un coup de pistolet; et ils s’enfuidrent tous avec une telle epouvante qu’ils jetterent mousquetons, pistolets, et espees; et la plupart d’eux, ayant creve
leurs chevaux, se deshabillerent pour aller plus viste a pied.”
FN 260 Hamilton’s True Relation.
FN 261 Act. Parl. Scot., Aug. 31. 1681.
FN 262 Balcarras’s Memoirs; Short History of the Revolution in Scotland in a letter from a Scotch gentleman in Amsterdam to his friend in London, 1712.
FN 263 Balcarras’s Memoirs; Life of James ii. 341.
FN 264 A Memorial for His Highness the Prince of Orange in relation to the Affairs of Scotland, by two Persons of Quality, 1689.
FN 265 See Calvin’s letter to Haller, iv. Non. Jan. 155I: “Priusquam urbem unquam ingrederer, nullae prorsus erant feriae praeter diem Dominicum. Ex quo sum revocatus hoc temperamentum quaesivi, ut Christi natalis celebraretur.”
FN 266 In the Act Declaration, and Testimony of the Seceders, dated in December, 1736 it is said that “countenance is given by authority of Parliament to the observation of holidays in Scotland, by the vacation of our most considerable Courts of justice in the latter end of December.” This is declared to be a national sin, and a ground of the Lord’s indignation. In March 1758, the Associate Synod addressed a Solemn Warning to the Nation, in which the same complaint was repeated. A poor crazy creature, whose nonsense has been thought worthy of being reprinted even in our own time, says: “I leave my testimony against the abominable Act of the pretended Queen Anne and her pretended British, really Brutish Parliament, for enacting the observance of that which is called the Yule Vacancy.”–The Dying Testimony of William Wilson sometime Schoolmaster in Park, in the Parish of Douglas, aged 68, who died in 1757.
FN 267 An Account of the Present Persecution of the Church in Scotland, in several Letters, 1690; The Case of the afflicted Clergy in Scotland truly represented, 1690; Faithful Contendings Displayed; Burnet, i. 805
FN 268 The form of notice will be found in the book entitled Faithful Contendings Displayed.
FN 269 Account of the Present Persecution, 1690; Case of the afflicted Clergy, 1690; A true Account of that Interruption that was made of the Service of God on Sunday last, being the 17th of February, 1689, signed by James Gibson, acting for the Lord Provost of Glasgow.
FN 270 Balcarras’s Memoirs; Mackay’s Memoirs.
FN 271 Burnet, ii. 21.
FN 272 Scobell, 1654, cap. 9., and Oliver’s Ordinance in Council of the 12th of April in the same year.
FN 273 Burnet and Fletcher of Saltoun mention the prosperity of Scotland under the Protector, but ascribe it to a cause quite inadequate to the production of such an effect. “There was,” says Burnet, “a considerable force of about seven or eight thousand men kept in Scotland. The pay of the army brought so much money into the kingdom that it continued all that while in a very flourishing state . . . . . . We always reckon those eight years of usurpation a time of great peace and prosperity.” “During the time of the usurper Cromwell,” says Fletcher, “we imagined ourselves to be in a tolerable condition with respect to the last particular (trade and money) by reason of that expense which was made in the realm by those forces that kept us in subjection.” The true explanation of the phenomenon about which Burnet and Fletcher blundered so grossly will be found in a pamphlet entitled “Some seasonable and modest Thoughts partly occasioned by and partly concerning the Scotch East India Company, Edinburgh, 1696. See the Proceedings of the Wednesday Club in Friday Street, upon the subject of an Union with Scotland, December 1705. See also the Seventh Chapter of Mr. Burton’s valuable History of Scotland.
FN 274 See the paper in which the demands of the Scotch Commissioners are set forth. It will be found in the Appendix to De Foe’s History of the Union, No. 13.
FN 275 Act. Parl. Scot., July 30. 1670.
FN 276 Burnet, ii. 23.
FN 277 See, for example, a pamphlet entitled “Some questions resolved concerning episcopal and presbyterian government in Scotland, 1690.” One of the questions is, whether Scottish presbytery be agreeable to the general inclinations of that people. The author answers the question in the negative, on the ground that the upper and middle classes had generally conformed to the episcopal Church before the Revolution.
FN 278 The instructions are in the Leven and Melville Papers. They bear date March 7, 1688/9. On the first occasion on which I quote this most valuable collection, I cannot refrain from acknowledging the obligations under which I, and all who take an interest in the history of our island, lie to the gentleman who has performed so well the duty of an editor.
FN 279 As to the Dalrymples; see the Lord President’s own writings, and among them his Vindication of the Divine Perfections; Wodrow’s Analecta; Douglas’s Peerage; Lockhart’s Memoirs; the Satyre on the Familie of Stairs; the Satyric Lines upon the long wished for and timely Death of the Right Honourable Lady Stairs; Law’s Memorials; and the Hyndford Papers, written in 1704/5 and printed with the Letters of Carstairs. Lockhart, though a mortal enemy of John Dalrymple, says, “There was none in the parliament capable to take up the cudgels with him.”
FN 280 As to Melville, see the Leven and Melville Papers, passim, and the preface; the Act. Parl. Scot. June 16. 1685; and the Appendix, June 13.; Burnet, ii. 24; and the Burnet MS. Had. 6584.
FN 281 Creichton’s Memoirs.
FN 282 Mackay’s Memoirs.
FN 283 Memoirs of the Lindsays.
FN 284 About the early relation between William and Dundee, some Jacobite, many years after they were both dead, invented a story which by successive embellishments was at last improved into a romance which it seems strange that even a child should believe to be true. The last edition runs thus. William’s horse was killed under him at Seneff, and his life was in imminent danger. Dundee, then Captain Graham, mounted His Highness again. William promised to reward this service with promotion but broke his word and gave to another the commission which Graham had been led to expect. The injured hero went to Loo. There he met his successful competitor, and gave him a box on the ear. The punishment for striking in the palace was the loss of the offending right hand; but this punishment the Prince of Orange ungraciously remitted. “You,” he said, “saved my life; I spare your right hand: and now we are quits.”
Those who down to our own time, have repeated this nonsense seem to have thought, first, that the Act of Henry the Eighth “for punishment of murder and malicious bloodshed within the King’s Court” (Stat 33 Hen. VIII. c. 2.) was law in Guelders; and, secondly, that, in 1674, William was a King, and his house a King’s Court. They were also not aware that he did not purchase Loo till long after Dundee had left the Netherlands. See Harris’s Description of Loo, 1699.
This legend, of which I have not been able to discover the slightest trace in the voluminous Jacobite literature of William’s reign, seems to have originated about a quarter of a century after Dundee’s death, and to have attained its full absurdity in another quarter of a century.
FN 285 Memoirs of the Lindsays.
FN 286 Ibid.
FN 287 Burnet, ii. 22.; Memoirs of the Lindsays.
FN 288 Balcarras’s Memoirs.
FN 289 Act. Parl. Scot., Mar. 14. 1689; History of the late Revolution in Scotland, 1690; An Account of the Proceedings of the Estates of Scotland, fol. Lond. 1689.
FN 290 Balcarras’s narrative exhibits both Hamilton and Athol in a most unfavourable light. See also the Life of James, ii. 338, 339.
FN 291 Act. Parl. Scot., March 14. 1688/9; Balcarras’s Memoirs; History of the late Revolution in Scotland; Life of James, ii. 342.
FN 292 Balcarras’s Memoirs; History of the late Revolution in Scotland, 1690.
FN 293 Act. Parl. Scot., March 14. and 15. 1689; Balcarras’s Memoirs; London Gazette, March 25.; History of the late Revolution in Scotland, 1690; Account of the Proceedings of the Estates of Scotland, 1689.
FN 294 See Cleland’s Poems, and the commendatory poems contained in the same volume, Edinburgh, 1697. It has been repeatedly asserted that this William Cleland was the father of William Cleland, the Commissioner of Taxes, who was well known twenty year later in the literary society of London, who rendered some not very reputable services to Pope, and whose son John was the author of an infamous book but too widely celebrated. This is an entire mistake. William Cleland, who fought at Bothwell Bridge, was not twenty-eight when he was killed in August, 1689; and William Cleland, the Commissioner of Taxes, died at sixty-seven in September, 1741. The former therefore cannot have been the father of the latter. See the Exact Narrative of the Battle of Dunkeld; the Gentleman’s Magazine for 1740; and Warburton’s note on the Letter to the Publisher of the Dunciad, a letter signed W. Cleland, but really written by Pope. In a paper drawn up by Sir Robert Hamilton, the oracle of the extreme Covenanters, and a bloodthirsty ruffian, Cleland is mentioned as having been once leagued with those fanatics, but afterwards a great opposer of their testimony. Cleland probably did not agree with Hamilton in thinking it a sacred duty to cut the throats of prisoners of war who had been received to quarter. See Hamilton’s Letter to the Societies, Dec 7. 1685.
FN 295 Balcarras’s Memoirs.
FN 296 Balcarras’s Memoirs. But the fullest account of these proceedings is furnished by some manuscript notes which are in the library of the Faculty of Advocates. Balcarras’s dates are not quite exact. He probably trusted to his memory for them. I have corrected them from the Parliamentary Records.
FN 297 Act. Parl. Scot., Mar. 16. 1688/9; Balcarras’s Memoirs; History of the late Revolution in Scotland, 1690; Account of the Proceedings of the Estates of Scotland, 1689; London Gaz., Mar. 25. 1689; Life of James, ii. 342. Burnet blunders strangely about these transactions.
FN 298 Balcarras’s Memoirs; MS. in the Library of the Faculty of Advocates.
FN 299 Act. Parl. Scot., Mar. 19. 1688/9; History of the late Revolution in Scotland, 1690.
FN 300 Balcarras.
FN 301 Ibid.
FN 302 Act. Parl. Scot.; History of the late Revolution, 1690; Memoirs of North Britain, 1715.
FN 303 Balcarras.
FN 304 Every reader will remember the malediction which Sir Walter Scott, in the Fifth Canto of Marmion, pronounced on the dunces who removed this interesting monument.
FN 305 “It will be neither secuir nor kynd to the King to expect it be (by) Act of Parliament after the settlement, which will lay it at his door.”–Dalrymple to Melville, 5 April, 1689; Leven and Melville Papers.
FN 306 There is a striking passage on this subject in Fortescue.
FN 307 Act. Parl. Scot., April 1 1689; Orders of Committee of Estates, May 16. 1689; London Gazette, April 11
FN 308 As it has lately been denied that the extreme Presbyterians entertained an unfavourable opinion of the Lutherans, I will give two decisive proof of the truth of what I have asserted in the text. In the book entitled Faithful Contendings Displayed is a report of what passed at the General Meeting of the United Societies of Covenanters on the 24th of October 1688. The question was propounded whether there should be an association with the Dutch. “It was concluded unanimously,” says the Clerk of the Societies, “that we could not have an association with the Dutch in one body, nor come formally under their conduct, being such a promiscuous conjunction of reformed Lutheran malignants and sectaries, to loin with whom were repugnant to the testimony of the Church of Scotland.” In the Protestation and Testimony drawn up on the 2nd of October 1707, the United Societies complain that the crown has been settled on “the Prince of Hanover, who has been bred and brought up in the Lutheran religion which is not only different from, but even in many things contrary unto that purity in doctrine, reformation, and religion, we in these nations had attained unto, as is very well known.” They add “The admitting such a person to reign over us is not only contrary to our solemn League and Covenant, but to the very word of God itself, Deut. xvii.”
FN 309 History of the late Revolution in Scotland; London Gazette, May 16, 1689. The official account of what passed was evidently drawn up with great care. See also the Royal Diary, 1702. The writer of this work professes to have derived his information from a divine who was present.
FN 310 See Crawford’s Letters and Speeches, passim. His style of begging for a place was peculiar. After owning, not without reason, that his heart was deceitful and desperately wicked, he proceeded thus: “The same Omnipotent Being who hath said, when the poor and needy seek water and there is none, and their tongue faileth for thirst, he will not forsake them; notwithstanding of my present low condition, can build me a house if He think fit.”- -Letter to Melville, of May 28. 1689. As to Crawford’s poverty and his passion for Bishops’ lands, see his letter to Melville of the 4th of December 1690. As to his humanity, see his letter to Melville, Dec 11 1690. All these letters are among the Leven and Melville Papers, The author of An Account of the Late Establishment of Presbyterian Government says of a person who had taken a bribe of ten or twelve pounds, “Had he been as poor as my Lord Crawford, perhaps he had been the more excusable.” See also the dedication of the celebrated tract entitled Scotch Presbyterian Eloquence Displayed.
FN 311 Burnet, ii. 23. 24.; Fountainhall Papers, 73, Aug, 1684; 14. and 15. Oct. 1684; 3. May, 1685; Montgomery to Melville, June 22. 1689, in the Leven and Melville Papers; Pretences of the French Invasion Examined; licensed May 25. 1692.
FN 312 See the Life and Correspondence of Carstairs, and the interesting memorials of him in the Caldwell Papers, printed 1854. See also Mackay’s character of him, and Swift’s note. Swift’s word is not to be taken against a Scotchman and a Presbyterian. I believe, however, that Carstairs, though an honest and pious man in essentials, had his full share of the wisdom of the serpent.
FN 313 Sir John Dalrymple to Lord Melville, June 18. 20 25. 1689; Leven and Melville Papers.
FN 314 There is an amusing description of Sir Patrick in the Hyndford MS., written about 1704, and printed among the Carstairs Papers. “He is a lover of set speeches, and can hardly give audience to private friends without them.”
FN 315 “No man, though not a member, busier than Saltoun.”– Lockhart to Melville, July 11 1689; Leven and Melville Papers. See Fletcher’s own works, and the descriptions of him in Lockhart’s and Mackay’s Memoirs.
FN 316 Dalrymple says, in a letter of the 5th of June, “All the malignant, for fear, are come into the Club; and they all vote alike.”
FN 317 Balcarras.
FN 318 Captain Burt’s Letters from Scotland.
FN 319 “Shall I tire yon with a description of this unfruitful country, where I must lead you over their hills all brown with heath, or their valleys scarce able to feed a rabbit. . . , Every part of the country presents the same dismal landscape. No grove or brook lend their music to cheer the stranger,”–Goldsmith to Bryanton, Edinburgh, Sept. 26. 1753. In a letter written soon after from Leyden to the Reverend Thomas Contarine, Goldsmith says, “I was wholly taken up in observing the face of the country, Nothing can equal its beauty. Wherever I turned my eye, fine houses, elegant gardens, statues, grottos, vistas presented themselves, Scotland and this country bear the highest contrast: there, hills and rocks intercept every prospect; here it is all a continued plain.” See Appendix C, to the First Volume of Mr. Forster’s Life of Goldsmith,
FN 320 Northern Memoirs, by R. Franck Philanthropus, 1690. The author had caught a few glimpses of Highland scenery, and speaks of it much as Burt spoke in the following generation: “It is a part of the creation left undressed; rubbish thrown aside when the magnificent fabric of the world was created; as void of form as the natives are indigent of morals and good manners.”
FN 321 Journey through Scotland, by the author of the Journey through England, 1723.
FN 322 Almost all these circumstances are taken from Burt’s Letters. For the tar, I am indebted to Cleland’s poetry. In his verses on the “Highland Host” he says
“The reason is, they’re smeared with tar, Which doth defend their head and neck,
Just as it doth their sheep protect.”
FN 323 A striking illustration of the opinion which was entertained of the Highlander by his Lowland neighbours, and which was by them communicated to the English, will be found in a volume of Miscellanies published by Afra Behn in 1685. One of the most curious pieces in the collection is a coarse and profane Scotch poem entitled, “How the first Hielandman was made.” How and of what materials he was made I shall not venture to relate. The dialogue which immediately follows his creation may be quoted, I hope, without much offence.
“Says God to the Hielandman, ‘Quhair wilt thou now?’ ‘I will down to the Lowlands, Lord, and there steal a cow.’ ‘Ffy,’ quod St. Peter, ‘thou wilt never do weel, ‘An thou, but new made, so sane gaffs to steal.’ ‘Umff,’ quod the Hielandman, and swore by yon kirk, ‘So long as I may geir get to steal, will I nevir work.”‘
Another Lowland Scot, the brave Colonel Cleland, about the same time, describes the Highlander in the same manner
“For a misobliging word
She’ll dirk her neighbour o’er the board. If any ask her of her drift,
Forsooth, her nainself lives by theft.”
Much to the same effect are the very few words which Franck Philanthropus (1694) spares to the Highlanders: “They live like lauds and die like loons, hating to work and no credit to borrow: they make depredations and rob their neighbours.” In the History of the Revolution in Scotland, printed at Edinburgh in 1690, is the following passage: “The Highlanders of Scotland are a sort of wretches that have no other consideration of honour, friendship, obedience, or government, than as, by any alteration of affairs or revolution in the government, they can improve to themselves an opportunity of robbing or plundering their bordering neighbours.”
FN 324 Since this passage was written I was much pleased by finding that Lord Fountainhall used, in July 1676, exactly the same illustration which had occurred to me. He says that “Argyle’s ambitious grasping at the mastery of the Highlands and Western Islands of Mull, Ila, &c. stirred up other clans to enter into a combination for hearing him dowse, like the confederat forces of Germanic, Spain, Holland, &c., against the growth of the French.”
FN 325 In the introduction to the Memoirs of Sir Ewan Cameron is a very sensible remark: “It may appear paradoxical: but the editor cannot help hazarding the conjecture that the motives which prompted the Highlanders to support King James were substantially the same as those by which the promoters of the Revolution were actuated.” The whole introduction, indeed, well deserves to be read.
FN 326 Skene’s Highlanders of Scotland; Douglas’s Baronage of Scotland.
FN 327 See the Memoirs of the Life of Sir Ewan Cameron, and the Historical and Genealogical Account of the Clan Maclean, by a Senachie. Though this last work was published so late as 1838, the writer seems to have been inflamed by animosity as fierce as that with which the Macleans of the seventeenth century regarded the Campbells. In the short compass of one page the Marquess of Argyle is designated as “the diabolical Scotch Cromwell,” “the vile vindictive persecutor,” “the base traitor,” and “the Argyle impostor.” In another page he is “the insidious Campbell, fertile in villany,” “the avaricious slave,” “the coward of Argyle” and “the Scotch traitor.” In the next page he is “the base and vindictive enemy of the House of Maclean” “the hypocritical Covenanter,” “the incorrigible traitor,” “the cowardly and malignant enemy.” It is a happy thing that passions so violent can now vent themselves only in scolding.
FN 328 Letter of Avaux to Louvois, April 6/16 1689, enclosing a paper entitled Memoire du Chevalier Macklean.
FN 329 See the singularly interesting Memoirs of Sir Ewan Cameron of Lochiel, printed at Edinburgh for the Abbotsford Club in 1842. The MS. must have been at least a century older. See also in the same volume the account of Sir Ewan’s death, copied from the Balhadie papers. I ought to say that the author of the Memoirs of Sir Ewan, though evidently well informed about the affairs of the Highlands and the characters of the most distinguished chiefs, was grossly ignorant of English politics and history. I will quote what Van Litters wrote to the States General about Lochiel, Nov 26/Dec 6 1689: “Sir Evan Cameron, Lord Locheale, een man,– soo ik hoor van die hem lange gekent en dagelyk hebben mede omgegaan,–van so groot verstant, courage, en beleyt, als weyniges syns gelycke syn.”
FN 330 Act. Parl., July 5. 1661.
FN 331 See Burt’s Third and Fourth Letters. In the early editions is an engraving of the market cross of Inverness, and of that part of the street where the merchants congregated. I ought here to acknowledge my obligations to Mr. Robert Carruthers, who kindly furnished me with much curious information about Inverness and with some extracts from the municipal records.
FN 332 I am indebted to Mr. Carruthers for a copy of the demands of the Macdonalds and of the answer of the Town Council.
FN 333 Colt’s Deposition, Appendix to the Act. Parl of July 14. 1690.
FN 334 See the Life of Sir Ewan Cameron.
FN 335 Balcarras’s Memoirs; History of the late Revolution in Scotland.
FN 336 There is among the Nairne Papers in the Bodleian Library a curious MS. entitled “Journal de ce qui s’est passe en Irlande depuis l’arrivee de sa Majeste.” In this journal there are notes and corrections in English and French; the English in the handwriting of James, the French in the handwriting of Melfort. The letters intercepted by Hamilton are mentioned, and mentioned in a way which plainly shows that they were genuine; nor is there the least sign that James disapproved of them.
FN 337 “Nor did ever,” says Balcarras, addressing James, “the Viscount of Dundee think of going to the Highlands without further orders from you, till a party was sent to apprehend him.”
FN 338 See the narrative sent to James in Ireland and received by him July 7, 1689. It is among the Nairne Papers. See also the Memoirs of Dundee, 1714; Memoirs of Sir Ewan Cameron; Balcarras’s Memoirs; Mackay’s Memoirs. These narratives do not perfectly agree with each other or with the information which I obtained from Inverness.
FN 339 Memoirs of Dundee; Tarbet to Melville, 1st June 7688, in the Levers and Melville Papers.
FN 340 Narrative in the Nairne Papers; Depositions of Colt, Osburne, Malcolm, and Stewart of Ballachan in the Appendix to the Act. Parl. of July 14. 1690; Memoirs of Sir Ewan Cameron. A few touches I have taken from an English translation of some passages in a lost epic poem written in Latin, and called the Grameis. The writer was a zealous Jacobite named Phillipps. I have seldom made use of the Memoirs of Dundee, printed in 1714, and never without some misgiving. The writer was certainly not, as he pretends, one of Dundee’s officers, but a stupid and ignorant Grub Street garreteer. He is utterly wrong both as to the place and as to the time of the battle of Killiecrankie. He says that it was fought on the banks of the Tummell, and on the 13th of June. It was fought on the banks of the Garry, and on the 27th of July. After giving such a specimen of inaccuracy as this, it would be idle to point out minor blunders.
FN 341 From a letter of Archibald Karl of Argyle to Lauderdale, which bears date the 25th of June, 1664, it appears that a hundred thousand marks Scots, little more than five thousand pounds sterling, would, at that time, have very nearly satisfied all the claims of Mac Callum More on his neighbours.
FN 342 Mackay’s Memoirs; Tarbet to Melville, June 1, 1689, in the Leven and Melville Papers; Dundee to Melfort, June 27, in the Nairne Papers,
FN 343 See Mackay’s Memoirs, and his letter to Hamilton of the 14th of June, 1689.
FN 344 Memoirs of Sir Ewan Cameron.
FN 345 Memoirs of Sir Ewan Cameron.
FN 346 Memoirs of Sir Ewan Cameron.
FN 347 Dundee to Melfort, June 27. 1689.
FN 348 See Faithful Contendings Displayed, particularly the proceedings of April 29. and 30. and of May 13. and 14., 1689; the petition to Parliament drawn up by the regiment, on July 18. 1689; the protestation of Sir Robert Hamilton of November 6. 1689; and the admonitory Epistle to the Regiment, dated March 27. 1690. The Society people, as they called themselves, seem to have been especially shocked by the way in which the King’s birthday had been kept. “We hope,” they wrote, “ye are against observing anniversary days as well as we, and that ye will mourn for what ye have done.” As to the opinions and temper of Alexander Shields, see his Hind Let Loose.
FN 349 Siege of the Castle of Edinburgh, printed for the Bannatyne Club; Lond. Gaz,, June 10/20. 1689.
FN 350 Act. Parl. Scot., June 5. June 17. 1689.
FN 351 The instructions will be found among the Somers Tracts.
FN 352 As to Sir Patrick’s views, see his letter of the 7th of June, and Lockhart’s letter of the 11th of July, in the Leven and Melville Papers.
FN 353 My chief materials for the history of this session have been the Acts, the Minutes, and the Leven and Melville Papers.
FN 354 “Athol,” says Dundee contemptuously, “is gone to England, who did not know what to do.”–Dundee to Melfort, June 27. 1689. See Athol’s letters to Melville of the 21st of May and the 8th of June, in the Leven and Melville Papers.
FN 355 Memoirs of Sir Ewan Cameron.
FN 356 Mackay’s Memoirs.
FN 357 Ibid.
FN 358 Van Odyck to the Greffier of the States General, Aug. 2/12 1689.
FN 359 Memoirs of Sir Ewan Cameron.
FN 360 Balcarras’s Memoirs.
FN 361 Mackay’s Short Relation, dated Aug. 17. 1689.
FN 362 Memoirs of Sir Ewan Cameron.
FN 363 Memoirs of Sir Ewan Cameron; Mackay’s Memoirs.
FN 364 Douglas’s Baronage of Scotland.
FN 365 Memoirs of Sir Ewan Cameron.
FN 366 Memoirs of Sir Swan Cameron.
FN 367 As to the battle, see Mackay’s Memoirs Letters, and Short Relation the Memoirs of Dundee; Memoirs of Sir Ewan Cameron; Nisbet’s and Osburne’s depositions in the Appendix to the Act. Parl. Of July 14. 1690. See also the account of the battle in one of Burt’s Letters. Macpherson printed a letter from Dundee to James, dated the day after the battle. I need not say that it is as impudent a forgery as Fingal. The author of the Memoirs of Dundee says that Lord Leven was scared by the sight of the highland weapons, and set the example of flight. This is a spiteful falsehood. That Leven behaved remarkably well is proved by Mackay’s Letters, Memoirs, and Short Relation.
FN 368 Mackay’s Memoirs. Life of General Hugh Mackay by J. Mackay of Rockfield.
FN 369 Letter of the Extraordinary Ambassadors to the Greffier of the States General, August 2/12. 1689; and a letter of the same date from Van Odyck, who was at Hampton Court.
FN 370 Memoirs of Sir Ewan Cameron; Memoirs of Dundee.
FN 371 The tradition is certainly much more than a hundred and twenty years old. The stone was pointed out to Burt.
FN 372 See the History prefixed to the poems of Alexander Robertson. In this history he is represented as having joined before the battle of Killiecrankie. But it appears from the evidence which is ín the Appendix to the Act. Parl. Scot. of July 14. 1690, that he came in on the following day.
FN 373 Mackay’s Memoirs.
FN 374 Mackay’s Memoirs; Memoirs of Sir Ewan Cameron.
FN 375 Memoirs of Sir Ewan Cameron.
FN 376 Memoirs of Sir Ewan Cameron.
FN 377 See Portland’s Letters to Melville of April 22 and May 15. 1690, in the Leven and Melville Papers.
FN 378 Mackay’s Memoirs; Memoirs of Sir Ewan Cameron.
FN 379 Exact Narrative of the Conflict at Dunkeld between the Earl of Angus’s Regiment and the Rebels, collected from several Officers of that Regiment who were Actors in or Eyewitnesses of all that’s here narrated in Reference to those Actions; Letter of Lieutenant Blackader to his brother, dated Dunkeld, Aug. 21. 1689; Faithful Contendings Displayed; Minute of the Scotch Privy Council of Aug. 28., quoted by Mr. Burton.
FN 380 The history of Scotland during this autumn will be best studied in the Leven and Melville Papers.
FN 381 See the Lords’ Journals of Feb. 5. 1688 and of many subsequent days; Braddon’s pamphlet, entitled the Earl of Essex’s Memory and Honour Vindicated, 1690; and the London Gazettes of July 31. and August 4. and 7. 1690, in which Lady Essex and Burnet publicly contradicted Braddon.
FN 382 Whether the attainder of Lord Russell would, if unreversed, have prevented his son from succeeding to the earldom of Bedford is a difficult question. The old Earl collected the opinions of the greatest lawyers of the age, which may still be seen among the archives at Woburn. It is remarkable that one of these opinions is signed by Pemberton, who had presided at the trial. This circumstance seems to prove that the family did not impute to him any injustice or cruelty; and in truth he had behaved as well as any judge, before the Revolution, ever behaved on a similar occasion.
FN 383 Grey’s Debates, March 1688/9.
FN 384 The Acts which reversed the attainders of Russell Sidney, Cornish, and Alice Lisle were private Acts. Only the titles therefore are printed in the Statute Book; but the Acts will he found in Howell’s Collection of State Trials.
FN 385 Commons’ Journals, June 24. 1689.
FN 386 Johnson tells this story himself in his strange pamphlet entitled, Notes upon the Phoenix Edition of the Pastoral Letter, 1694.
FN 387 Some Memorials of the Reverend Samuel Johnson, prefixed to the folio edition of his works, 1710.
FN 388 Lords’ Journals, May 15. 1689.
FN 389 North’s Examen, 224. North’s evidence is confirmed by several contemporary squibs in prose and verse. See also the eikon Brotoloigon, 1697.
FN 390 Halifax MS. in the British Museum.
FN 391 Epistle Dedicatory to Oates’s eikon Basiliki
FN 392 In a ballad of the time are the following lines
“Come listen, ye Whigs, to my pitiful moan, All you that have ears, when the Doctor has none.”
These lines must have been in Mason’s head when he wrote the couplet
“Witness, ye Hills, ye Johnsons, Scots, Shebbeares; Hark to my call: for some of you have ears.”
FN 393 North’s Examen, 224. 254. North says “six hundred a year.” But I have taken the larger sum from the impudent petition which Gates addressed to the Commons, July 25. 1689. See the Journals.
FN 394 Van Citters, in his despatches to the States General, uses this nickname quite gravely.
FN 395 Lords’ Journals, May 30. 1689.
FN 396 Lords’ Journals, May 31. 1689; Commons’ Journals, Aug. 2.; North’s Examen, 224; Narcissus Luttrell’s Diary.
FN 397 Sir Robert was the original hero of the Rehearsal, and was called Bilboa. In the remodelled Dunciad, Pope inserted the lines
“And highborn Howard, more majestic sire, With Fool of Quality completes the quire.”
Pope’s highborn Howard was Edward Howard, the author of the British Princes.
FN 398 Key to the Rehearsal; Shadwell’s Sullen Lovers; Pepys, May 5. 8. 1668; Evelyn, Feb. 16. 1684/5.
FN 399 Grey’s Debates and Commons’ Journals, June 4. and 11 1689.
FN 400 Lords’ Journals, June 6. 1689.
FN 401 Commons’ Journals, Aug. 2. 1689; Dutch Ambassadors Extraordinary to the States General, July 30/Aug 9
FN 402 Lords’ Journals, July 30. 1689; Narcissus Luttrell’s Diary; Clarendon’s Diary, July 31. 1689.
FN 403 See the Commons’ Journals of July 31. and August 13 1689.
FN 404 Commons’ Journals, Aug. 20
FN 405 Oldmixon accuses the Jacobites, Barnet the republicans. Though Barnet took a prominent part in the discussion of this question, his account of what passed is grossly inaccurate. He says that the clause was warmly debated in the Commons, and that Hampden spoke strongly for it. But we learn from the journals (June 19 1689) that it was rejected nemine contradicente. The Dutch Ambassadors describe it as “een propositie ‘twelck geen ingressie schynt te sullen vinden.”
FN 406 London Gazette, Aug. 1. 1689; Narcissus Luttrell’s Diary.
FN 407 The history of this Bill may be traced in the journals of the two Houses, and in Grey’s Debates.
FN 408 See Grey’s Debates, and the Commons’ Journals from March to July. The twelve categories will be found in the journals of the 23d and 29th of May and of the 8th of June.
FN 409 Halifax MS. in the British Museum.
FN 410 The Life and Death of George Lord Jeffreys; Finch’s speech in Grey’s Debates, March 1. 1688/9.
FN 411 See, among many other pieces, Jeffreys’s Elegy, the Letter to the Lord Chancellor exposing to him the sentiments of the people, the Elegy on Dangerfield, Dangerfield’s Ghost to Jeffreys, The Humble Petition of Widows and fatherless Children in the West, the Lord Chancellor’s Discovery and Confession made in the lime of his sickness in the Tower; Hickeringill’s Ceremonymonger; a broadside entitled “O rare show! O rare sight! O strange monster! The like not in Europe! To be seen near Tower Hill, a few doors beyond the Lion’s den.”
FN 412 Life and Death of George Lord Jeffreys,
FN 413 Tutchin himself gives this narrative in the Bloody Assizes.
FN 414 See the Life of Archbishop Sharp by his son. What passed between Scott and Jeffreys was related by Scott to Sir Joseph Jekyl. See Tindal’s History; Echard, iii. 932. Echard’s informant, who is not named, but who seems to have had good opportunities of knowing the truth, said that Jeffreys died, not, as the vulgar believed, of drink, but of the stone. The distinction seems to be of little importance. It is certain that Jeffreys was grossly intemperate; and his malady was one which intemperance notoriously tends to aggravate.
FN 415 See a Full and True Account of the Death of George Lord Jeffreys, licensed on the day of his death. The wretched Le Noble was never weary of repeating that Jeffreys was poisoned by the usurper. I will give a short passage as a specimen of the calumnies of which William was the object. “Il envoya,” says Pasquin “ce fin ragout de champignons au Chancelier Jeffreys, prisonnier dans la Tour, qui les trouva du meme goust, et du mmee assaisonnement que furent les derniers dont Agrippine regala le bon-homme Claudius son epoux, et que Neron appella depuis la viande des Dieux.” Marforio asks: “Le Chancelier est donc mort dans la Tour?” Pasquin answers: “Il estoit trop fidele a son Roi legitime, et trop habile dans les loix du royaume, pour echapper a l’Usurpateur qu’il ne vouloit point reconnoistre. Guillemot prit soin de faire publier que ce malheureux prisonnier estoit attaque du’ne fievre maligne; mais, a parler franchement, i1 vivroit peutestre encore s’i1 n’avoit rien mange que de la main de ses anciens cuisiniers.”–Le Festin de Guillemot, 1689. Dangeau (May q.) mentions a report that Jeffreys had poisoned himself.
FN 416 Among the numerous pieces in which the malecontent Whigs vented their anger, none is more curious than the poem entitled the Ghost of Charles the Second. Charles addresses William thus:
“Hail my blest nephew, whom the fates ordain To fill the measure of the Stuart’s reign, That all the ills by our whole race designed In thee their full accomplishment might find ‘Tis thou that art decreed this point to clear, Which we have laboured for these fourscore year.”
FN 417 Grey’s Debates, June 12 1689.
FN 418 See Commons’ Journals, and Grey’s Debates, June 1. 3. and 4. 1689; Life of William, 1704.
FN 419 Barnet MS. Harl. 6584.; Avaux to De Croissy, June 16/26 1689.
FN 420 As to the minutes of the Privy Council, see the Commons’ Journals of June 22. and 28., and of July 3. 5. 13. and 16.
FN 421 The letter of Halifax to Lady Russell is dated on the 23d of July 1689, about a fortnight after the attack on him in the Lords, and about a week before the attack on him in the Commons.
FN 422 See the Lords’ Journals of July 10. 1689, and a letter from London dated July 11/21, and transmitted by Croissy to Avaux. Don Pedro de Ronquillo mentions this attack of the Whig Lords on Halifax in a despatch of which I cannot make out the date.
FN 423 This was on Saturday the 3d of August. As the division was in Committee, the numbers do not appear in the journals. Clarendon, in his Diary, says that the majority was eleven. But Narcissus Luttrell, Oldmixon, and Tindal agree in putting it at fourteen. Most of the little information which I have been able to find about the debate is contained in a despatch of Don Pedro de Ronquillo. “Se resolvio” he says, “que el sabado, en comity de toda la casa, se tratasse del estado de la nation para representarle al Rey. Emperose por acusar al Marques de Olifax; y reconociendo sus emulos que no tenian partido bastante, quisieron remitir para otro dia esta motion: pero el Conde de Elan, primogenito del Marques de Olifax, miembro de la casa, les dijo que su padre no era hombre para andar peloteando con el, y que se tubiesse culpa lo acabasen de castigar, que el no havia menester estar en la corte para portarse conforme a su estado, pues Dios le havia dado abundamente para poderlo hazer; conque por pluralidad de votes vencio su partido.” I suspect that Lord Eland meant to sneer at the poverty of some of his father’s persecutors, and at the greediness of others.
FN 424 This change of feeling, immediately following the debate on the motion for removing Halifax, is noticed by Ronquillo,
FN 425 As to Ruvigny, see Saint Simon’s Memoirs of the year 1697: Burnet, i. 366. There is some interesting information about Ruvigny and about the Huguenot regiments in a narrative written by a French refugee of the name of Dumont. This narrative, which is in manuscript, and which I shall occasionally quote as the Dumont MS., was kindly lent to me by the Dean of Ossory.