of adhesive plaster, and the animal confined.
Where thorns or sand-burrs have pierced the foot, diligent search should be made to extract them, or the wound will suppurate, and the dog continue lame for a long time. This caution is particularly necessary when minute particles of glass have entered the foot. A poultice in such cases should be applied, after removing every particle within our reach, and the, foot be wrapped up, or, what is better, enclosed in a boot of some kind, sufficiently strong to protect it from the dirt or other small particles which otherwise would enter the wound and prevent its healing. In a case of great emergency, one of our friends hunted a setter dog three successive days in a leather boot, which we instructed a country cobbler to put on him to protect his foot from a recent and deep cut, that he had received from treading upon some farming utensils. The boot was taken off every night, the foot nicely cleaned, the leather oiled and replaced ready for the following day. The wound afterwards healed up, and no trace of the incision now remains. The boot should be made of stout, flexible leather, and extend beyond the first joint; the seam must be in front, so as not to interfere with the dog’s tread. There should be openings for the claws, and the sole large enough to allow the expansion of the ball pads when in motion: a small layer of tow had better be laid on the bottom of the foot before putting on the boot.
It is often very difficult to tell the exact spot where a briar or thorn has entered the foot, owing to its penetrating so far into the substance of the ball as to be entirely concealed under the skin, or by the swelling of the parts surrounding it. In all such cases the bottom of the foot should he gently pressed by the thumb, and the point where the dog exhibits symptoms of must pain should be, particularly examined, and, if necessary, cut down upon to extract the extraneous substance, no matter what it may be.
LONG NAILS OR CLAWS.
The nails of some dogs require occasional cutting, otherwise they grow so long and fast that they turn in and penetrate the ball of the foot. If we cut them, a strong, sharp knife is necessary for the purpose; filing them off we consider far preferable.
LAMENESS
Dogs, as well as horses, become lame from stiff joints, splints, and sprains. Stiff joints are occasioned by anchylosis, or the deposit of calcareous or osseous matter within the ligament or around the head of the bone, which latter defect is known as ring-bone in the horse.
‘Treatment’.–Stimulating friction to the parts, such as spirits of camphor, or camphorated liniment, mercurial ointment, tincture of iodine, opodeldoc, blistering, c.–L.]
* * * * *
CHAPTER XVI.
FRACTURES
These are of not unfrequent occurrence in the dog; and I once had five cases in my hospital at the same time.
In the human subject, fractures are more frequent in adults, and, perhaps, in old men, than in infants; but this is not the case with the smaller animals generally, and particularly with dogs. Five-sixths of the fractures occur between the time of weaning and the animal being six months old; not, perhaps, because of their chemical composition, that the bones are more fragile at this age; but because young dogs are more exposed to fall from the hands of the persons who carry them, and from the places to which they climb; and the extremities of the bones, then being in the state of epiphysis, are easily separated from the body of the bone. When the fracture takes place in the body of the bone, it is transverse or somewhat oblique, but there is scarcely any displacement.
A simple bandage will be sufficient for the reduction of these fractures, which may be removed in ten or twelve days, when the preparatory callus has acquired some consistence. One only out of twenty dogs that were brought to me with fractures of the extremities, in the year 1834, died. Two dogs had their jaws fractured by kicks from horses, and lost several of their teeth. In one of them the anterior part of the jaw was fractured perpendicularly; in the other, both branches were fractured. Plenty of good soup was injected into their mouths. Ten or twelve days afterwards, they were suffered to lap it; and in a little while they were dismissed cured.
It will be desirable, perhaps, to describe our usual method of reducing the greater part of the fractures which come under our notice.
I.–The ‘humerus’ was fractured just above the elbow and close to the joint. The limb was enclosed in adhesive plaster, and supported by a firm bandage. The bones were beginning to unite, when, by some means concerning which I could never satisfy myself, the ‘tibia’ was broken a little above the hock. Nothing could well be done with this second fracture; but great care was taken with regard to the former. The lower head of the humerus remained somewhat enlarged; but the lameness became very slight, and in three weeks had nearly or quite disappeared. Nothing was done to the second fracture; in fact, nothing more than a slight, annular enlargement, surrounding the part, remained–a proof of the renovating power of nature.
II.–A spaniel was run over by a light carriage. It was unable to put the left hind leg to the ground, and at the upper tuberosity of the ileum some crepitus could be distinguished. I subtracted six ounces of blood, administered a physic-ball, and ordered the patient to be well fomented with warm water several times during the night. On the following day no wound could be discovered, but there was great tenderness. I continued the fomentation. Two or three days afterwards she was evidently easier. I then had the hair cut close, and covered the loins and back with a pitch-plaster. At the expiration of six days the plaster was getting somewhat loose, and was replaced by another with which a very small quantity of powdered cantharides was mingled. At the expiration of the fifth week she was quite well.
III.–The ‘thigh-bone’ had been broken a fortnight. It was a compound fracture: the divided edges of the bone protruded through the integuments, and there was no disposition to unite. It is not in one case in a hundred that an animal thus situated can be saved. We failed in our efforts, and the dog was ultimately destroyed.
IV.–The ‘femur’ was broken near the hip. I saw it on the third day, when much heat and swelling had taken place. I ordered the parts to be frequently bathed with warm water. The heat and tenderness to a considerable degree subsided, and the pitch-plaster was carefully applied. At the expiration of a week the plaster began to be loosened. A second one was applied, and when a fortnight longer had passed, a slight degree of tenderness alone remained.
V.–The following account is characteristic of the bull terrier. The ‘radius’ had been broken, and was set, and the bones were decidedly united, when the dog, in a moment of frantic rage, seized his own leg and crushed some of the bones. They were once more united, but his wrist bent under him in the form of a concave semicircle, as if some of the ligaments of the joint had been ruptured in the moment of rage. It was evident on the following day that it was impossible to control him, and he was destroyed.
VI.–A spaniel, three months old, became fractured half-way between the wrist and the ‘elbow’. A surgeon bound it up, and it became swollen to an enormous size, from the adhesive plaster that had been applied and the manner of placing the splints. I removed the splints. On the following morning I had the arm frequently fomented: a very indistinct crepitus could be perceived at the point of the humerus: I applied another plaster higher up, and including the elbow. The hair not having been cut sufficiently close, the plaster was removed, applied much more neatly and closely, and the original fracture was firmly bound together. No crepitus was now to be perceived.
I saw no more of our patient for four days, when I found that he had fallen, and that the elbow on the other side was fractured within the capsular ligament. A very distinct crepitus could be felt, and the dog cried sadly when the joint was moved. I would have destroyed him, but he was a favourite with his master, and we tried what a few days more would produce. I enclosed the whole of the limb in a plaster of pitch, and bound it up without splints. Both the bandages remained on nearly a fortnight, when the fractures were found to be perfectly united, and the lameness in both legs gradually disappeared.
VII.–July 22, 1843. A spaniel was frightened with something on the bed, and fell from it, and cried very much. The instep, or wrist, of the right leg, before was evidently bowed, and there was considerable heat and tenderness. It was well fomented on the two following days, and then set, and adhesive plaster was tightly applied, and a splint bound over that.
24th. The foot began to swell, and was evidently painful. The outer bandage was loosened a little, but the inner bandage was not touched.
Aug. 4. The bandage, that had not been meddled with for eleven days, now appeared to give him some pain. For the last two days he has been gently licking and gnawing it. The splints were removed; but the adhesive plaster appearing even and firm, was suffered to remain.
26th. Everything appeared to be going on well, when he again leaped from his bed. The wrist was much more bowed, and was tender and hot. Simple lint and a firm calico bandage were had recourse to.
27th. He is unable to put his foot to the ground, and the joint is certainly enlarging. An adhesive plaster, made by a Frenchman, was applied at the owners request, over which was placed a splint. The dog soon began to gnaw the plaster, which formed a sticky but not very adhesive mass. Before night the pain appeared to be very great, and the dog cried excessively. I was sent for. We well fomented the leg, and then returned to our former treatment. There was evidently a great deal of pain, but it gradually passed over, and a slight degree of lameness alone remained.
I have great pleasure in adding the following accounts of the successful treatment of fractures in dogs by Mr. Percivall:
“Hopeless as cases of fracture in horses generally are, from the difficulty experienced in managing the patient, they are by no means to be so regarded in dogs. I have in several instances seen dogs recover, and with very good use of the parts, if not perfect restoration of them, when the accidents have been considered, at the time they took place, of a nature so irremediable as to render it advisable to destroy the animals.
“May 4, 1839. A valuable Irish spaniel fell from a high wall, and fractured his ‘off shoulder’. On examination, I found the ‘os humeri’ fractured about an inch above its radial extremity, causing the limb to drop pendulously from the side, and depriving the animal of all use of it. The arm, by which I mean the fore arm, was movable in any direction upon the shoulder, and there was distinct crepitus: in a word, the nature of the accident was too plain to admit of doubt; nor was there any splinter or loose piece of bone discoverable. I directed that the animal might be laid flat upon his sound side in a hamper, or covered basket or box, of sufficient dimensions, but not large enough to admit of his moving about; to have his hind legs fettered, his mouth muzzled, and his injured parts covered with a linen cloth wetted with a spirit lotion.
‘May’ 5. The parts are tumefied, but not more, nor even so much as one night have expected. Continue the lotion.
‘6th’. At my request, Mr. Youatt was called in to give his opinion as to the probability of effecting a cure. He thought from the inconvenient situation of the fracture, that the chances of success were doubtful; and recommended that a plaster, composed of thick sheep-skin and pitch, cut to the shape of the parts, should be applied, extending from the upper part of the shoulder down upon the arm, and reaching to the knee; and that the whole should be enveloped in well-applied bandages, one of them being carried over the shoulders and brought round between the fore legs, to support the limb, and aid in retaining the fractured ends in apposition. Prior to the application of the pitch plaster the hair was closely shorn off. Thus bound up, the dog was replaced in his hamper, and had some aperient medicine given to him.
‘8th’. The medicine has operated; and he appears going on well, his appetite continuing unimpaired.
’10th’. He growls when I open the basket to look at him. On examining him (while his keeper had hold of him), I found the plaster loosening from its adhesion; I took it off altogether, and applied a fresh one, composed of the stopping composition I use for horses’ feet.
June 7. Up to this time everything appears to have been going on properly. The fracture feels as if it were completely united, and, as the plaster continues to adhere firmly, I thought the bandages enveloping it, as they were often getting loose, might now he dispensed with, and that the dog might with benefit be chained to a kennel, instead of being so closely confined as he has been. In moving, he does not attempt to use the fractured limb, but hops along upon the three other legs.
July. He has acquired pretty good use of the limb. Being now at liberty, he runs about a good deal; halting, from there being some shortness of the limb, but not so much as to prevent him being serviceable, as a ‘slow’ hunter, in the sporting-field.
“About a twelvemonth ago,” continues Mr. Percivall, “I was consulted concerning a blood-hound of great size and beauty, and of the cost of L50, that had been a cripple in one of his hind limbs for some considerable time past, owing, it was said or thought, to having received some injury. After a very careful handling, and examination of the parts about the hips, the places where he expressed pain, I came to the conclusion that there had been, and still existed, some fracture of ‘the ischial portion of the pelvis’, but precisely where, or of what nature, I could not determine; and all the treatment I could recommend was, that the animal should be shut up within a basket or box of some, sort, of dimensions only sufficient to enable him to lie at ease, and that he be kept there for at least six months, without being taken out, save for the purpose of having his bed cleansed or renewed. His owner had previously made up his mind to have him destroyed; understanding, however, from me, that there still remained a chance of his recovery, he ordered his groom to procure a proper basket, and see that the dog’s confinement was such as I had prescribed. The man asked me to allow him to have his kennel, which, being no larger than was requisite for him, I did not object to; and to this he had an iron lattice-door made, converting it into a sort of wild beast cage. After two months’ confinement, I had him let out for a short run, and perceived evident amendment. I believe altogether that he was imprisoned five months, and then was found so much improved that I had him chained to his kennel for the remaining month, and this, I believe, was continued for another month. The issue was the complete recovery of the animal, very much to the gratification and joy of his master, by whom he is regarded as a kind of unique or unobtainable production.
“The fractures of dogs and other animals must, of course, be treated in accordance with all the circumstances of their cases; but I have always considered it a most essential part of their treatment that such portable patients as dogs and cats, &c., should be placed and kept in a state of confinement, where they either could not, or were not likely to, use or move the fractured parts; and, moreover, I have thought that failure, where it has resulted after such treatment, has arisen from its not having been sufficiently long persisted in.”
In the opinion of Professor Simonds, when there is fracture of the bones of the extremities, a starch bandage is the best that can be employed. If applied wet, it adapts itself to the irregularities of the limbs; and if allowed to remain on twelve hours undisturbed, it forms a complete case for the part, and affords more equal support than anything else that can possibly be used.
The following case was one of considerable interest. It came under the care of Professor Simonds. Two gentlemen were playing at quoits, and the dog of one of them was struck on the head by a quoit, and supposed to be killed. His owner took him up, and found that he was not dead, although dreadfully injured. It being near the Thames, his owner took him to the edge of the river, and dashed some water over him, and he rallied a little. Professor Simonds detected a fracture of the skull, with pressure on the brain, arising from a portion of depressed bone. The dog was perfectly unconscious, frequently moaning, quite incapable of standing, and continually turning round upon his belly, his straw, or his bed. It was a case of coma; he took no food, and the pulsation at the heart was very indistinct.
“I told the proprietor that there was no chance of recovery except by an operation; and, even then, I thought it exceedingly doubtful. I was desired to operate, and I took him home.
“The head was now almost twice as large as when the accident occurred, proceeding from a quantity of coagulated blood that had been effused under the skin covering the skull. I gave him a dose of aperient medicine, and on the following morning commenced my operation.
“The hair was clipped from the head, and an incision carried immediately from between the eye-brows to the back part of the skull, in the direction of the sagittal suture. Another incision was made from this towards the root of the ear. This triangular flap was then turned back, in order to remove the coagulated blood and make a thorough exposure of the skull. I was provided with a trephine, thinking that only a portion of the bone had been depressed on the brain, and it would be necessary, with that instrument, to separate it from its attachment, and then with an elevator remove it; but I found that the greater part of the parietal bone was depressed, and that the fracture extended along the sagittal suture from the coronal and lamdoidal sutures. At three-fourths of the width of the bone, the fracture ran parallel with the sagittal suture, and this large portion was depressed upon the tunics of the brain, the dura mater being considerably lacerated. The depressed bone was raised with an elevator, and I found, from its lacerated edges and the extent of the mischief done, that it was far wiser to remove it entirely, than to allow it to remain and take the chance of its uniting.
“In a few days, the dog began to experience relief from the operation, and to be somewhat conscious of what was taking place around him. He still requires care and attention, and proper medicinal agents to be administered from time to time; but with the exception of occasionally turning round when on the floor, he takes his food well, and obeys his master’s call.”[1]
[Footnote 1: Trans. Vet. Med. Assoc., i. 51.]
* * * * *
CHAPTER XVII.
MEDICINES USED IN THE TREATMENT OF THE DISEASES OF THE DOG.
These are far more numerous and complicated than would, on the first consideration of them, be imagined. The Veterinary Surgeon has a long list of them, suited to the wants and dangers, imaginary or real, of his patients; and he who is not scientifically acquainted with them, will occasionally blunder in the choice of remedies, or the application of the means of cure which he adopts. Little attention may, perhaps, be paid to the medical treatment of the dog; yet it requires not a little study and experience. I will endeavour to give a short account of the drugs, and mode of using them, generally employed.
The administering of medicines to dogs is, generally speaking, simple and safe, if a little care is taken about the matter, and especially if two persons are employed in the operation. The one should be sitting with the dog between his knees, and the hinder part of the animal resting on the floor. The mouth is forced open by the pressure of the fore-finger and thumb upon the lips of the upper jaw, and the medicine can be conveniently introduced with the other hand, and passed sufficiently far into the throat to insure its not being returned. The mouth should be closed and kept so, until the bolus has been seen to pass down. Mr. Blaine thus describes the difference between the administration of liquid and solid medicines:
“A little attention will prevent all danger. A ball or bolus should be passed completely over the root of the tongue, and pushed some way backward and forward. When a liquid is given, if the quantity is more than can be swallowed at one effort, it should be removed from the mouth at each deglutition, or the dog may be strangled. Balls of a soft consistence, and those composed of nauseous ingredients, should be wrapped in thin paper, or they may disgust the dog and produce sickness.”
Dogs labouring under disease should be carefully nursed: more depends on this than many persons seem to be aware. A warm and comfortable bed is of a great deal more consequence than many persons who are fond of their dogs imagine. Cleanliness is also an essential point. Harshness of manner and unkind treatment will evidently aggravate many of their complaints. I have sometimes witnessed an angry word spoken to a healthy dog produce instant convulsions in a distempered one that happened to be near; and the fits that come on spontaneously in distemper, almost instantly leave the dog by soothing notice of him.
‘Acidum Acetum (Vinegar)’.–This is useful for sprains, bruises, and fomentations.
‘Acidum Nitricum (Nitric Acid; Aqua Fortis)’.–This may be used with advantage to destroy warts or fungous excrescences. A little of the acid should be dropped on the part and bound tightly down. The protuberance will slough off and healthy granulations will spring up. A surer application, however, is the nitrate of silver.
‘Acidum Hydrocyanicum (Prussic Acid)’.–This is an excellent application for the purpose of allaying irritation of the skin in dogs; but it must be very carefully watched. I have seen a drachm of it diluted with a pint of distilled water, rapidly allay cuticular inflammation. The dreadful degree of itching which had been observed during the last two or three years yielded to this application alone; and to that it has almost invariably yielded, a little patience being used.
‘Acupuncturation’ is a practice lately introduced into veterinary surgery. It denotes the insertion of a needle into the skin or flesh of a person or animal suffering severely from some neuralgic affection. The needle is small and sharp: it is introduced by a slight pressure and semi-rotating motion between the thumb and forefinger, and afterwards withdrawn with the same motion. This should always employ a quarter of an hour at least, and in cases of very great pain it should continue two hours; but when the object is to afford an exit to the fluid collected, mere puncture is sufficient. It is attended with very little pain; and therefore it may be employed at least with safety if not with advantage. The operation was known and practised in Japan, many years ago; but it was only in the seventeenth century that its singular value was ascertained. In 1810 some trials of it were made in Paris, and M. Chenel look the lead. He had a young dog that he had cured of distemper, except that a spasmodic affection of the left hind leg remained. He applied a needle, and with fair success. He failed with another dog; but M. Prevost, of Geneva, relieved two mares from rheumatism, and an entire horse that had been lame sixteen months. In the Veterinary School at Lyons acupuncturation was tried on two dogs. One had chorea, and the other chronic paralysis of the muscles of the neck. The operation had no effect on the first; the other came out of the hospital completely cured. In the following year acupuncturation was tried without success in the same school. Four horses and two dogs were operated upon in vain.
‘Adeps (Hog’s Lard)’ forms the basis of all our ointments. It is tasteless, inodorous and free from every stimulating quality.
‘Alcohol (Rectified Spirit)’.–This is principally used in tinctures, and seldom or never administered to the dog in a pure state.
‘Aloes, Barbadoes’.–From these are formed the safest and best aperients for the dog–consisting of powdered aloes, eight parts; antimonial powder, one part; ginger, one part; and palm oil, five parts; beaten well together, and the size of the ball varying from half a drachm to two drachms, and a ball administered every fourth or fifth hour. Mr. Blaine considers it to be the safest general purgative. He says that such is the peculiarity of the bowels of the dog, that while a man can take with impunity as much calomel as would kill two large dogs, a moderate-sized dog will take a quantity of aloes sufficient to destroy two stout men. The smallest dog can take 15 or 20 grains; half a drachm is seldom too much; but the smaller dose had better be tried first, for hundreds of dogs are every year destroyed by temerity in this particular. Medium-sized dogs usually require a drachm; and some large dogs have taken two or even three drachms.
‘Alteratives’ are medicines that effect some slow change in the diseased action of certain parts, without interfering with the food or work. The most useful consist of five parts of sublimed sulphur, one of nitre, one of linseed meal, and two of lard or palm oil.
‘Alum’ is a powerful astringent, whether employed externally or internally. It is occasionally administered in doses of from 10 to 15 grains in obstinate diarrhoea. In some obstinate cases, alum whey has been employed in the form of a clyster.
‘Oxide of Antimony’, in the form of a compound powder, and under the name of James’s powder, is employed as a sudorific, or to cause a determination to the skin.
The ‘Antimonii Potassio Tartras (Tartar Emetic)’, besides its effect on the skin, is a useful nauseant, and invaluable in inflammation of the lungs and catarrhal affections of every kind. The ‘Black Sesquisulphuret of Antimony’ is a compound of sulphur and antimony, and an excellent alterative.
‘Argenti Nitras–Nitrate of Silver (Lunar Caustic)’.–I have already strongly advocated the employment of this caustic for empoisoned wounds and bites of rabid animals. In my opinion it supersedes the use of every other caustic, and generally of the knife. I have also given it internally as a tonic to the dog, in cases of chorea, in doses from an eighth to a quarter of a grain. A dilute solution may be employed as an excitant to wounds, in which the healing process has become sluggish. For this purpose, ten grains or more may be dissolved in a fluid ounce of distilled water. A few fibres of tow dipped in this solution, being drawn through the channel which is left on the removal of a seton, quickly excite the healing action. Occasionally one or two drops of this solution may be introduced into the eye for the purpose of removing opalescence of the cornea. In cases of fungoid matter being thrown out on the cornea, the fungus may be touched with a rod of nitrate of silver, and little pain will follow.
The ‘Peruvian Bark’, or its active principle the disulphate of quina, is a valuable tonic in distemper, especially when combined with the iodide of iron; the iron increasing with the general tone of the system, and the iodine acting as a stimulant to the absorbents.
‘Blisters’ are occasionally useful or indispensable in some of the casualties and diseases to which the dog is liable. They are mostly of the same description, and act upon the same principles as in the horse, whether in the form of plaster, or ointment, or stimulating fluid. Blisters can be kept on the dog with difficulty: nothing short of a wire muzzle will suffice; Mr. Blaine says, that for very large dogs, he used to be compelled to make use of a perforated tin one. The judgment of the practitioner will determine in these cases, as well as with regard to the horse, whether the desired effect should be produced by severe measures or by those of a milder character, by active blisters or by milder stimulants; the difficulty of the measures to be adopted, and the degree of punishment that may be inflicted, being never forgotten by the operator.
We have stated in our work on the Horse, that “the art of blistering consists in cutting or rather shaving the hair perfectly close; then well rubbing in the ointment, and afterwards, and, what is the greatest consequence of all, plastering a little more of the ointment lightly over the part, and leaving it. As soon as the vesicles have perfectly risen, which will be in twenty or twenty-four hours, the torture of the animal may be somewhat relieved by the application of olive or neat’s-foot oil, or any emollient ointment.
“An infusion of two ounces of the cantharides in a pint of oil of turpentine, for several days, is occasionally used as a languid blister; and when sufficiently lowered with common oil, it is called a ‘sweating’ oil, for it maintains a certain degree of irritation and inflammation on the skin, yet not sufficient to blister; and thus gradually abates or removes some old or deep inflammation, or cause of lameness.” [1]
Iodine in various cases is now rapidly superseding the cantharides and the turpentine.
‘Calomel’–Sufficient has been said of this dangerous medicine in the course of the present work. I should rarely think of exhibiting it, except in small doses for the purpose of producing that specific influence on the liver, which we know to be the peculiar property of this drug. In large doses it will to a certain extent produce vomiting; and, if it finds its way into the intestines, it acts as a powerful drastic purgative.
‘Castor Oil (Oleum Ricini)’.–This is a most valuable medicine. It is usually combined with the syrup of buckthorn and white poppies, in the proportions of three parts of the oil to two of the buckthorn and one of the poppy-syrup; which form a combination of ingredients in which the oleaginous, stimulant, and narcotic ingredients happily blend.
‘Catechu.’–This is an extract from the wood of an acacia-tree ‘(Acacia catechu)’, and possesses a powerful astringent property. It is given in cases of superpurgation, united with opium, chalk, and powdered gum. A tincture of it is very useful for the purpose of hastening the healing principle of wounds. Professor Morton says, that he considers it as the most valuable of the vegetable astringents.
‘Clysters.’–Professor Morton gives an account of the use of clysters. The objects, he says, for which they are administered, are–1. To empty the bowels of faeces: thus they act as an aperient. Also, to induce a cathartic to commence its operations, when, from want of exercise or due preparation, it is tardy in producing the desired effect. Clysters operate in a twofold way: first, by softening the contents of the intestines; and, secondly, by exciting an irritation in one portion of the canal which is communicated throughout the whole; hence they become valuable when the nature and progress of the disease require a quick evacuation of the bowels. The usual enema is warm water, but this may be rendered more stimulating by the addition of salt, oil, or aloes. 2. For the purpose of killing worms that are found in the rectum and large intestines: in this case it is usually of an oleaginous nature. 3. For restraining diarrhoea: sedatives and astringents being then employed. 4. For nourishing the body when food cannot be received by the mouth. Gruel is generally the aliment thus given. 5. For allaying spasms in the stomach and bowels.
‘Copper’–Both the verdigris, or subacetate, and the blue vitriol of sulphate of copper, are now comparatively rarely used. They are employed either in the form of a fine powder, or mixed with an equal quantity of the acetate of lead in order to destroy proud flesh or stimulate old ulcers. They also form a part of the aegyptiacum of the farrier. There are many better drugs to accomplish the same purpose.
‘Creosote’ is seldom used for the dog. We have applications quite as good and less dangerous. It may be employed as a very gentle excitant and antiseptic.
‘Creta Preparata (Chalk)’, in combination with ginger, catechu, and opium, is exceedingly useful; indeed, it is our most valuable medicine in all cases of purging, and particularly the purging of distemper.
‘Digitalis’ is an exceedingly valuable drug. It is a direct and powerful sedative, a mild diuretic, and useful in every inflammatory and febrile complaint.
‘Gentian’ and ‘Ginger’ are both valuable; the first as a stomachic and tonic, and the last as a cordial and tonic. It is occasionally necessary, or at least desirable, to draw this distinction between them.
‘Chloride of Lime’ is a useful application for ill-conditioned wounds and for the frequent cleansing of the kennel.
‘Epsom Salts’, or ‘Sulphate of Magnesia’, are mild yet effective in their action: with regard to cattle and sheep, they supersede every other aperient; for the dog, however, they must yield to the castor-oil mixture.
‘Mercury’–The common mercurial ointment is now comparatively little used. It has given way to the different preparations of iodine. In direct and virulent mange, it is yet, however, employed under the form of calomel, and combined with aloes, but in very small doses, never exceeding three grains. It is also useful in farcy and jaundice. The corrosive sublimate is occasionally used for mange in the dog, and to destroy vermin; but it is a very uncertain and dangerous medicine.
‘Palm Oil’ would be an excellent emollient, if it were not so frequently adulterated with turmeric root in powder. It is far milder than the common lard.
‘Nitrate of Potash’ is a valuable cooling and mild diuretic, in doses of eight or ten grains.
‘Sulphur’ is the basis of the most effectual applications for mange. It is a good alterative, combined usually with antimonials and nitre, and particularly useful in mange, surfeit, grease, hide-bound, and want of condition.
‘Turpentine’ is an excellent diuretic and antispasmodic; it is also a most effectual sweating blister and highly useful in strains.
‘The Sulphate of Zinc’ is valuable as an excitant to wounds, and promotes adhesion between divided surfaces and the ‘radix’.
[Footnote 1: The Horse, p. 501.]
* * * * *
APPENDIX.
THE NEW LAWS OF COURSING,
‘As Revised and Enlarged at a Meeting of Noblemen and Gentlemen, held at the Thatched House Tavern, St. James’s Street, June 1, 1839’.
I. Two stewards shall be appointed by the members at dinner each day, to act in the field the following day, and to preside at dinner. They shall regulate the plan of beating the ground, under the sanction of the owner or occupier of the soil.
II. Three or five members, including the secretary for the time being, shall form a Committee of Management, and shall name a person, for the approbation of the members, to judge all courses–all doubtful cases shall be referred to them.
III. All courses shall be from slips, by a brace of greyhounds only.
IV. The time of putting the first brace of dogs in the slips shall be declared at dinner on the day preceding. If a prize is to be run for, and only one dog is ready, he shall run a by, and his owner shall receive forfeit: should neither be ready, the course shall be run when the Committee shall think fit. In a match, if only one dog be ready, his owner shall receive forfeit; if neither be present, the match shall be placed the last in the list.
V. If any person shall enter a greyhound by a name different from that in which he last appeared in public, without giving notice of such alteration, he shall be disqualified from winning, and shall forfeit his match.
VI. No greyhounds shall be entered as puppies unless born on or after the 1st of January of the year preceding the day of running.
VII. Any member, or other person, running a greyhound at the meeting, having a dog at large which shall join in the course then running, shall forfeit one sovereign; and, if belonging to either of the parties running, the course shall be decided against him.
VIII. The judge ought to be in a position where he can see the dogs leave the slips, and to decide by the colour of the dogs to a person appointed for that purpose: his decision shall be final.
IX. If, in running for prizes, the judge shall be of opinion that the course has not been of sufficient length to enable him to decide as to the merits of the dogs, he shall inquire of the Committee whether he is to decide the course or not; if in the negative, the dogs shall be immediately put again into the slips.
X. The judge shall not answer any questions put to him regarding a course, unless such questions are asked by the Committee.
XI. If any member make any observation in the hearing of the judge respecting a course, during the time of running, or before he shall have delivered his judgment, he shall forfeit one sovereign to the fund; and, if either dog be his own, he shall lose the course. If he impugn the decision of the judge, he shall forfeit two sovereigns.
XII. When a course of an average length is so equally divided that the judge shall be unable to decide it, the owners of the dogs may toss for it; but, if either refuse, the dogs shall be again put in the slips, at such time as the Committee may think fit; but, if either dog be drawn, the winning dog shall not be obliged to run again.
XIII. In running a match the judge may declare the course to be undecided.
XIV. If a member shall enter more than one greyhound, ‘bona fide’ his own property, for a prize, his dogs shall not run together, if it be possible to avoid it; and, if two greyhounds, the property of the same member, remain to the last tie, he may run it out or draw either, as he shall think fit.
XV. When dogs engaged are of the same colour, the last drawn shall wear a collar.
XVI. If a greyhound stand still in a course when a hare is in his or her sight, the owner shall lose the course; but, if a greyhound drops from exhaustion, and it shall be the opinion of the judge that the merit up to the time of falling was greatly in his or her favour, then the judge shall have power to award the course to the greyhound so falling, if he think fit.
XVII. Should two hares be on foot, and the dogs separate before reaching the hare slipped at, the course shall be undecided, and shall be run over again at such time as the Committee shall think fit, unless the owners of the dogs agree to toss for it, or to draw one dog; and if the dogs separate after running some time, it shall be at the discretion of the Committee whether the course shall be decided up to the point of separation.
XVIII. A course shall end if either dog be so unsighted as to cause an impediment in the course.
XIX. If any member or his servant ride over his opponent’s dog when running, so as to injure him in the course, the dog so ridden over shall be deemed to win the course.
XX. It is recommended to all union meetings to appoint a committee of five, consisting of members of different clubs, to determine all difficulties and cases of doubt.
‘The following general rules are recommended to judges for their guidance:’
The features of merit are:
The race from slips, and the first turn or wrench of the hare (provided it be a fair slip), and a straight run-up.
Where one dog gives the other a go-by when both are in their full speed, and turns or wrenches the hare. (N. B. If one dog be in the stretch, and the other only turning at the time he passes, it is not a fair go-by.)
Where one dog turns the hare when she is leading homewards, and keeps the lead so as to serve himself, and makes a second turn of the hare without losing the lead.
A catch or kill of the hare, when she is running straight and leading homewards, is fully equal to a turn of the hare when running in the same direction, or perhaps more, if he show the speed over the other dog in doing it. If a dog draws the fleck from the hare, and causes her to wrench or rick only, it is equal to a turn of the hare when leading homewards.
When a dog wrenches or ricks a hare twice following, without losing the lead, it is equal to a turn.
N. B. It often happens when a hare has been turned, and she is running from home, that she turns of her own accord to gain ground homeward, when both dogs are on the stretch after her; in such a case the judge should not give the leading dog a turn.
There are often other minor advantages in a course, such as one dog showing occasional superiority of speed, turning on less ground, and running the whole course with more fire than his opponent, which must be led to the discretion of the judge, who is to decide on the merits.
LOCAL RULES.
I. The number of members shall be regulated by the letters in the Alphabet, and the two junior members shall take the letters X and Z, if required.
II. The members shall be elected by ballot, seven to constitute a ballot, and two black balls to exclude.
III. The name of every person proposed to be balloted for as a member, shall be placed over the chimney-piece one day before the ballot can take place.
IV. No proposition shall be balloted for unless put up over the chimney-piece, with the names of the proposer and seconder, at or before dinner preceding the day of the ballot, and read to the members at such dinner.
V. Every member shall, at each meeting, run a greyhound his own property, or forfeit a sovereign to the Club.
VI. No member shall be allowed to match more than two greyhounds in the first class, under a penalty of two sovereigns to the fund, unless such member has been drawn or run out for the prizes, in which case he shall be allowed to run three dogs in the first class.
VII. If any member shall absent himself two seasons without sending his subscription, he shall be deemed out of the Society, and another chosen in his place.
VIII. No greyhound shall be allowed to start if any arrears are due to this Society from the owner.
IX. Any member lending another a greyhound for the purpose of saving his forfeit (excepting by consent of the members present) shall forfeit five sovereigns.
X. Any member running the dog of a stranger in a match shall cause the name of the owner to be inserted after his own name in the list, under a penalty of one sovereign.
XI. No stranger shall be admitted into the Society’s room, unless introduced by a member, who shall place the name of his friend over the chimney-piece, with his own attached to it; and no member shall introduce more than one friend.
XII. The members of the [erased] Clubs shall be honorary members of this Society, and when present shall be allowed to run their greyhounds on payment of the annual subscription.
XIII. This Society to meet on the [erased] in [erased], and course on the [erased] following days.
* * * * *
INDEX.
Acupuncturation, used in neuralgic affections mode of performing
Adam, Mr., on fungus haematodes
Adeps, the basis of all ointments
African wild dog, description of the Agasaei, British hunting dogs, description of Age, the indications of
Albanian dog, description of the
Alcohol, only used in tinctures
Alicant dog, description of the
Aloes, Barbadoes, the best purgative Alpine spaniel, description of
Alteratives, the most useful
Alum, a powerful astringent
Amaurosis, symptoms of
American wild dogs, description of the Anaemia, description of
causes of
‘post-mortem’ appearances
Anasarca, nature of
Andalusian dog, description of the
Angina, nature of
Antimony, the oxide of, a sudorific the black sesquisulphuret of, an alterative Anubis, an Egyptian deity with the head of a dog Anus, polypus in the
fistula in the
Aquafortis, a caustic
Argus, the dog of Ulysses
Arrian on hunting
Artois dog, description of the
Ascarides, a species of worms
Ascites, ‘see’ Dropsy
Attention, an important faculty
Auscultation, use of
Australasian dog, description of the
Barbary dog, description of the
Barbet, description of the
Bark, Peruvian, a valuable tonic
Barry, a celebrated Bernardine dog, anecdote of Bath, use of in puerperal fits
Beagle, description of the
Bell, Professor, opinion on the origin of the dog Bernardine dog, description of the
Billy, a celebrated terrier
Bladder, inflammation of the
rupture of the
Blain, nature, causes, treatment, and ‘post-mortem’ appearances of Blaine, Mr., opinion on kennel lameness
on tetanus
on dropsy
on calculus
on distemper
on mange
Bleeding, best place for
directions for
useful in epilepsy
useful in distemper
Blenheim spaniel, description of the Blisters, uses of
composition
mode of applying and guarding
Bloodhound, description of the
Brain, comparative bulk of in different animals description of the
Breaking-in of hounds
cruelty disadvantageous
Breeding of greyhounds
should always be permitted
British hunting-dogs, Agasaei, description of Bronchocele, nature of
causes and treatment of
Buansu, or Nepal dog, description of Buffon, opinion as to the origin of the dog Bull-dog, description of the
crossed with the greyhound
Bull terrier, description of the
Caecum, description of the
Calculus, nature, causes, and treatment of, in the intestines, causes of,
cases,
Calomel, a dangerous medicine
should not be used in enteritis Cancer, symptoms of
treatment of
Canis, genus
Canker in the ear, causes, symptoms and treatment of cases of
Canute, laws concerning greyhounds by Cardia, description of the
Castor oil, a valuable purgative
Castration, proper time for
mode of performing
not recommended
Catechu, an astringent
Caustic, lunar, the best
Cayotte, description of the
Chabert, anecdote of the dog of
Chalk, an astringent
Charles I, anecdote of the dog of
Charles II’s spaniel, description of Chest, anatomy and diseases of the
proper form of, in the greyhound in the fox-hound
Chest-founder, nature, causes, and treatment of Chloride of lime, uses of
Chorea, nature of, causes, treatment cases
in distemper
Chryseus scylex, or dhole, description of the Claret, a celebrated greyhound
Classification, zoological
Climate, effect of
Clysters, uses of
Coach-dog, description of the
Cocker, description of the
Colic, causes, symptoms, and treatment of Colon, the
rupture of the
Colour of the greyhound
of the pointer
Constipation, causes and treatment of Copper, preparations of, and their uses
Coryza, the early stage of distemper Costiveness, causes and treatment of
means of preventing
Cough, spasmodic, nature and treatment of Coursing, Ovid’s description of
anecdotes of
laws of
general rules for the guidance of judges local rules
Creosote, a dangerous medicine
useful in canker
Creta, an astringent
Cropping of the ears
deafness frequently caused by
disapproved of
proper method of
Cross-breeding, effect of
Cuba, mastiff of
Cur, description of the
Cyprus, greyhounds of, described
Cynosaurus cristatus, an useful emetic Czarina, a celebrated greyhound
Dakhun wild dog, description of the
Dalmatian dog, description of the
Danish sacrifices of dogs, description of dog, description of the
Deab, description of the
Deafness frequently caused by cropping Deer-hound, description of the
Delafond, Professor, his table of the diagnostic symptoms of pleurisy and pneumonia
Dentition, formula of
Dew-claws
their removal unnecessary
Dhole, description of the
Diaphragm, description of the
Diarrhoea, causes, nature, and treatment of habitual
Dick, Professor, on rabies
on the use of ergot of rye Digestion, the process of
Digitalis, the uses of
Digitigrade, an order of animals
Dingo, description of the
Distemper, origin of the name
is a new disease
causes of
is contagious
is epidemic
effects on different breeds
symptoms
nature of
duration
‘post-mortem’ appearances
treatment
a cause of epilepsy
sometimes terminates in palsy Dog, early history of the
used as a beast of draught
for food
uses of the skin of the
origin of
mention of, in the Old and New Testaments anecdotes of the sagacity and fidelity of changes produced in, by breeding and climate zoological description of
natural divisions of
sacrificed by the Greeks and Romans by the Danes and Swedes
African wild
Albanian
Alicant
Alpine spaniel
American wild
Andalusian
Artois
Australasian
Barbary
barbet
beagle
black and tan spaniel
Blenheim spaniel
blood-hound
British
bull
bull terrier
coach
cocker
cur
Dakhun
Dalmatian
Danish
drover’s
Egyptian
Esquimaux
fox-hound
French matin
French pointer
gasehound
Grecian
Grecian greyhound
greyhound
Hare Indian
harrier
Highland greyhound
Hyrcanian
Iceland
Irish greyhound
Italian greyhound
Italian wolf
Javanese
King Charles’s spaniel
Lapland
lion
Locrian
lurcher
Mahratta
Maltese
mastiff
Molossian
Nepal
Newfoundland
New Zealand
otter
Pannonian
pariah
Persian greyhound
pointer
Polugar
poodle
Portuguese pointer
Russian greyhound
Russian pointer
Scotch greyhound
Scotch terrier
setter
sheep
shock
southern hound
spaniel
Spanish pointer
springer
stag-hound
Sumatran wild
terrier
Thibet
Turkish
Turkish greyhound
water-spaniel
wild
wolf
Dog-carts, prohibition of, disapproved should be licensed
Dog-pits
Dog-stealing
Dog’s-tail grass, the use of
Dogs, Isle of, origin of the name
Dropsy,
causes of
cases of
treatment of
Drover’s dog, description of the
Duodenum, the
Dupuy, M., on diseases of the spinal marrow Dysentery, nature of
treatment of
Ear, diseases of the
vegetating excrescences in the
eruptions in the
cropping of the
polypi in the, nature and treatment of pain of, an early symptom of rabies
Egyptian worship of the dog
dog, description of the
Elfric, King of Mercia, possessed greyhounds Emetic tartar, uses of
Enteritis, causes, symptoms, and treatment of Epiglottis, description of the
Epilepsy, causes of
treatment of
cases
puerperal
in distemper
Epsom salts, a purgative
Ergot of rye, use of, in parturition Esquimaux dog, description of the
Ethiopia, a dog elected king of
Ethmoid bones, description of the
Extremities, bones of the
Eye, distinctive form of the
diseases of the
construction of the
cases of disease of the
congenital blindness
ophthalmia
cataract
amaurosis
appearance of in rabies
appearance of in distemper
Familiaris, sub-genus
Feet, sore
Femur, fracture of the
Fighting-pits
First division of varieties
Fistula in the anus, causes and treatment of Fits, symptoms of
treatment of
distemper
puerperal
Fitzhardinge, Lord, his management of hounds Flogging hounds, disapproved of
Food, the dog used for
of the greyhound
of the foxhound
insufficient, a cause of distemper Fore-arm, fracture of the
Foxhound, description of the
size and proper conformation of pupping
treatment of whelps
breaking in
management in the field
general management and food of Lord Fitzhardinge’s management
Fractures, most frequent in young dogs of the humerus
of the thigh
of the femur
of the radius
of the fore-arm
of the shoulder
of the pelvis
of the skull
French pointer, description of the
Fungus haematodes, a case of
‘post-mortem’ appearances
Gasehound, description of
Gelert, the dog of Llewellyn, poem on the death of Gentian, a stomachic and tonic
Ghoo-khan, or wild ass, hunted by Persian greyhounds Giddiness, nature and treatment of
Ginger, a cordial and tonic
Glass, powdered, the best vermifuge Goitre, nature of
cause and treatment of
Good qualities of the dog
Goodwood kennel, description of
plan of
Grecian dogs, description of
sacrifices of dogs
greyhound, description of the
Greyhound, description of the
puppies, out of
origin of
known in England in the Anglo-Saxon period old verses describing the
cross with the bull-dog
proper conformation of
colour of
breeding
rules for age
food
training
laws for coursing with
English
Grecian
Highland
Irish
Italian
Persian
Russian
Scotch
Turkish
Grognier, Professor, description of the French sheep-dog Gullet, description of the
Hare Indian dog, description of the
Harrier, description of the
Head, bones of the
form of in the foxhound
Heart, description of the
action of the
rupture of the
Hecate, dogs sacrificed to
Hepatitis, causes, symptoms, and treatment of Hertwich, Professor, on rabies
Highland greyhound, description of the Hindoos regard the dog unclean
Hogg, James, anecdotes of his dog
Hog’s lard, the basis of all ointments Hound, the various kinds of
blood
fox
otter
southern
stag
Humerus, fracture of the
Hunting with dogs first mentioned by Oppian Hunting-kennels
Huntsman, the requisites of a
Hydatids in the kidney
Hydrocyanic acid, useful in cases of irritation of the skin Hydrophobia, ‘see’ Rabies
Hyrcanian dog, description of the
Iceland dog, description of the
Ileum, description of the
Incontinence of urine
India, degeneration of dogs in
Inflammation of the lungs
of the stomach
of the intestines
of the peritoneal membrane
of the liver
of the kidney
of the bladder
of the feet
Intelligence of the dog
anecdotes illustrative of the Intestines, description of the
inflammation of the
Intussusception, nature and causes of treatment
Iodine, a valuable medicine in goitre in dropsy
Irish greyhound, description of the wolf-dog
setter
Italian greyhound, description of the wolf-dog
James’s powder, a sudorific
Jaundice, causes, symptoms, and treatment of Javanese dog, description of the
Jejunum, description of the
Jenner, Dr., on distemper
Jews regard the dog with abhorrence John, kept many dogs
received greyhounds in lieu of fines
Kamtschatka, uses of the dog as a beast of draught in Kararahe or New Zealand dog, description of the Kennel, description of
Goodwood
Plan of Goodwood
for watch-dog construction of
hare, use of
lameness, nature of
causes of
means of prevention
Kidney, inflammation of the
hydatids in the
King Charles’s spaniel, description of
Lachrymal duct, description of the
Lapland dog, description of the
Lard, the basis of all ointments
Larynx, description of the
inflammation of the
Laws of coursing
Leblanc, M., on jaundice
Leonard, M., his exhibition of dogs Lime, chloride of, the uses of
Lion dog, description of the
Lips, functions of the
swellings of the
Liver, description of the
functions of the
inflammation of the
Llewellyn, poem on the dog of
Locrian dog, description of the
Lunar caustic, the best
recommended for bites of rabid dogs Lungs, inflammation of the
congestion of the
Lurcher, description of the
Madness, canine, ‘see’ Rabies
Magnesia, sulphate of, a purgative
Mahratta dog description of the
Majendie, his experiments on the olfactory nerves Major, a celebrated greyhound
Maltese dog, description of the
Mammalia, a class of animals
Management of the pack
Mange, nature of
is hereditary
the scabby
treatment
causes of
frequently causes goitre
Mastiff, description of the
used in Cuba to hunt the Indians Matin, description of the
Maxillary bones, description of the Meatus, description of the
Medicines, a list of the most useful mode of administering
Medullary substance of the brain
Memory of the dog
Mercury, preparations of
uses of
Milk, accumulation of, in the teats secretion of, connected with cancer
Mohammedan abhorrence of dogs
Molossian dog, description of the
Moral qualities of the dog
Nasal bones, description of the
catarrh, nature of
cavity, polypus in the
Neck, should be long in the greyhound Nepal dog, description of the
Nerves, description of the
Nervous system, diseases of
Newfoundland dog, description of the New Holland dog, description of the
New Zealand dog, description of the Nimrod, opinion on kennel lameness
Nitrate of potash, a useful diuretic Nitrate of silver, a caustic
recommended for the bites of rabid dogs useful in chorea
in canker
Nitric acid, a caustic
Norfolk spaniel, description of the Nose, anatomy of the
diseases of the
discharge from the, in distemper
Olfactory nerves, size of, in different animals development of the
description of the
Ophthalmia, symptoms of
causes of
treatment of
Oppian, the first who mentions hunting with dogs description of British dogs by
Orbit of the eye, form of the
Orford, Lord, first crossed greyhounds with the bull-dog death of
Otter-hound, description of the
Ovaries, removal of the
Ovid, description of coursing by
Ozaena, nature and treatment of
Palate, veil of the
inflammation of the
Palsy, causes of
treatment of
a consequence of chorea
consequence of distemper
Palm oil, an emollient
Pancreas, functions of the
Pannonian dog, description of the
Pariah, description of the
Parry, Captain, description of the Esquimaux dog Parturition, time of
management during
use of the ergot of of rye
inversion of the uterus after Pelvis, fracture of the
Percival, Mr., on fractures
Pericardium, description of the
case of a wound in the
Peritonitis, symptoms and treatment of Persian greyhound, description of the
Peruvian bark, a valuable tonic
Phlegmonous tumour, nature and treatment of Pleurisy, nature of
diagnostic symptoms of
Pneumonia, nature and treatment of
diagnostic symptoms of
in distemper
a consequence of small-pox
Pointer, compared with the setter, 136; early training of, 144;
breaking-in, 149;
English, 140;
French, 142;
Spanish, 142
Pollux, the introduction of hunting with dogs attributed to Polugar dog, description of the
Polypus in the ear
in the nasal and anal cavities
in the vagina
Pomeranian wolf-dog, description of Poodle, description of the
Portuguese pointer, description of the Potash, the nitrate of, a useful diuretic Prussic acid, useful in cases of irritation of the skin Puerperal fits, causes, nature, and treatment of Pulse of various animals
Pupping, ‘see’ Parturition
Purging in distemper
should be avoided
Pythagoras, his high opinion of the virtues of the dog Rabies,
cases
early symptoms
progress
‘post-mortem’ appearances
causes
period of incubation
duration
nature of the virus
nature of the disease
treatment of persons bitten
in the horse
in the rabbit
in the guinea-pig
in the cat
in the fowl
in the badger
in the wolf
trials concerning the death of persons by Radius, fracture of the
Radcliffe, D., on scent
Rectum, the
Retriever, Newfoundland dog used as Rheumatism, nature, causes, and treatment of Richard II, anecdote of the dog of
Richmond, the third Duke of, built Goodwood kennel Roman sacrifices of dogs, description of Rottenness of the lungs
Rupture of the heart, case of
‘post-mortem’ appearances of the colon
of the bladder
Russian greyhound, description of the pointer, description of the
Saliva, state of in rabies
Salts, a purgative
Scabby mange, nature and treatment of Scent, the term
description of
influence of the atmosphere upon Scotch greyhound, description of the
terrier, description of the
Scott, Sir Walter, anecdote of the dog of verses on the dogs of
Second division of varieties
Seton, useful in epilepsy
Setter, description of the
early training of
compared with the pointer
Sheep-dog, description of the
anecdotes of the
supposed by Buffon to be the original type French, description of the
Shock-dog, description of the
Shoulder, fracture of the
proper form of the, in the greyhound Siberian dog, description of the
Simonds, Professor, on fractures
Simpson, Mr., on the use of the ergot of rye Skeleton, description of the
Skin, uses of the
Skull, form of, adopted as the arrangement of the varieties of the dog fracture of the
Small-pox, symptoms of
causes of
treatment
Smell, the sense of
Snowball, a celebrated greyhound
Sore feet, causes of
treatment
Southern hound, description of the
Spaniel, origin of the
description of the
Blenheim
King Charles’s
Norfolk
water
Spanish pointer, description of the Spasmodic cough, nature and treatment of Spaying, mode of performing
Spleen, functions of the
diseases of the
Springer, description of the
Staghound, description of the
anecdotes of the
Staling, profuse
Starch, bandage, useful in fractures Stealing of dogs
Stomach, anatomy and diseases of the case of the retention of a sharp instrument in the Strychnia, a valuable medicine in palsy
Sulphur, the basis of applications for mange a good alterative
Sumatra, description of the wild dog of Surfeit, an eruption resembling mange
Swedish sacrifices of dogs, description of Sympathetic nerves
Taenia, a species of worm
Tailing
Tape-worm, the
Tapping in cases of dropsy
Tartar emetic, a useful medicine
Teeth, distinctive arrangement of the description of the
cuts showing various signs of growth and decay supernumerary
diseases of the
very early lost by the Turkish dog Teres, a species of worm
Terrier, description of the
training of the
anecdotes of the
Scotch, description of the
Tetanus, causes of
symptoms and treatment of
Thibet dog, description of the
Thigh, fracture of the
Third division of varieties
Thyroid cartilage, description of the Toes, sore
number of
Tongue, description of the
mode of drinking
worming
blain
Torsion, mode of performing
forceps
Training of the greyhound
of the foxhound
of the pointer or setter
Trimmer. Mr., description of the Spanish sheep-dog Trunk, bones of the
Tumour, phlegmonous, nature and treatment of Turkish dog, description of the
greyhound, description of the
Turnside, nature and treatment of
Turnspit, description of the
Turpentine, uses of
Unguents, use of, in mange
Unguiculata, a tribe of animals
Uterus, case of inversion of the
extirpation and cure
Vagina, polyps in the
Van Diemen Land, ravages of wild dogs in Varieties, three divisions of
first division of
second division of
third division of
Vatel, his observations on the pulse of different animals Vegetating excrescences in the ear, nature and treatment of Vermifuge, glass the most effectual
Vertebrated animals, what
Vinegar, useful for fomentations
Voice, change of in rabies
Vyner. Mr., opinion on kennel lameness
Warts, treatment of
Washing of hounds disapproved of
Watch-dog, frequent ill-usage of the Water-spaniel, description of the
anecdotes of the
Wild dog, description of the
of Africa
of Australia
of Van Diemen Land
Williamson, Captain, account of the wild dogs of Nepal on the degeneration of dogs in India description of the dhole
Wolf, supposed to be the origin of the dog anecdotes of the
Wolf-dog, Irish
Italian
Worms, varieties of
symptoms of
means of expelling
cases of
a cause of sudden death
causes of
a cause of epilepsy
a cause of distemper
Yellow distemper, nature of
treatment of
Yellows, the
Zinc, sulphate of, a valuable excitant
Zoological classification of the dog
* * * * *
APPENDIX
INDEX TO THE EDITOR’S ADDITIONS.
Affection of dogs
Age of the pointer
Alexander the Great, dog sent to
Aloes, effects of
Amaurosis, causes and treatment of
American greyhound
Anecdotes of rabid dogs
Arctic fox
Bengal, le braque de
Blindness, congenital
Brazen dog of Jupiter
Byron, Lord, his opinion of the dog’s memory
Canes Ceteres
Canine fidelity, anecdote of
Canine pathology, Introduction to
Canis Lagopus
Canis Latrans
Canker of the ear
of the flap
Captain Lyon’s account of the Esquimaux dog Catlin’s remarks on the Indian dog
Chesapeake bay, ducks of the
Chorea, accidental cure of
Chronic opthalmia, causes and treatment of Circulation, state of the
Claims of dogs upon us
Cocker, method of breaking the
his style of hunting
Colonel Hawker’s account of dog-stealing Colonel Thornton’s Spanish pointer
Collyria
Congenital blindness
Cornea, ulceration of the
spots on the
Coursing, ancient mode of
Gay’s poems descriptive of
Cropping, a barbarous fancy
recommended by Mr. Skinner
Cross of dog with fox
between the wolf and, opinions of the Cynegetical writers respecting
opinions of the moderns Cure of diseases, remedial means for
of chorea, accidental
Daniel Lambert’s dogs, their price &c. Dead bodies, dogs kept to devour
Dew-claws, removal of, Mr. Blaine’s opinion in reference to Diana, spotted dogs given by Pan to
Disease, symptoms of
of the eye
of the ear
of the tongue
of the feet
Disposition of the dog to hunt by scent Dog, considered as an animal of draught
length of intestines in the
Molossian
fidelity of the
of Santa Fe and the Chihuahuas
of the Mexicans, worthless
prophylactic properties of the
crossed with the fox
with the wolf
Indian
social invitations extended to
self-broken
claim of, upon man
hospitals for
rabid, anecdotes of, 234;
Esquimaux, 95
Duck of the Chesapeake bay, manner of toling the discovery of this method
Duke of Norfolk’s breed of King Charles’ spaniel
Ear, canker of the, causes and treatment of wounds of the
warts on the
polypus of the
mangy edges in the
Editor’s remarks on rabies
his preventive treatment for
English pointer, size and appearance of Entropium
Epilepsy, treatment of
mistaken for rabies
Esquimaux dog, Captain Lyons’ account of Extirpation of the eye
Eye and its diseases
simple inflammation of
extirpation of the
protrusion of the
weak
washes for the
Eyelids, ulceration of the
inversion of the, operation for Eye-washes, various
Feet, diseases of the
Fidelity of the dog
Fistula lachrymalis
Flap, tumours of the
Fouilloux, Jacques du, his recipes for rabies Fox, Arctic
cross of dog with the
Glossitis, causes and treatment of
Gay’s poems descriptive of coursing Greeks, ancient, domestic manners of the, respecting their dogs greyhound of
Greek sportsman’s care of his dogs
Greyhound of America, 55;
of ancient Greece, 56
Gutta serena
Hawker, Colonel, his account of dog-stealing Hembel, Mr., his anecdotes of rabid dogs Herds of the Mexicans, immense, 48
Hippocrates, prophylactic properties of the dog recommended by Horse doctors
Hospitals for dogs
Hydrophthalmia, treatment of
Indian dog
Introduction to Canine Pathology
Irish setter, inductive reasoning in an
Jacques du Fouilloux, his recipes for rabies
Keyworth, Mr., springer belonging to
Lambert, Daniel, the price of his dogs Lord Byron’s opinion of the dog’s memory Louisiana marmot
Lyon, Captain, his account of the Esquimaux dog, 95
Mangy edges, treatment of
Marmot, the Louisiana
Mexicans, immense herds of the, 48
Mexico, shepherd dogs of
their introduction into this country Molossian dogs, 26
Newfoundland dog, as a retriever
two varieties of
account of two imported into this country Nictitating membrane of the eye
Norfolk, Duke of, his breed of King Charles’ spaniels Nux vomica, effects of
Ophthalmia
chronic treatment of
traumatic
sympathetic
Otorrhoea, simple, treatment of
Ozaena, injection for
Pathology, Canine, Introduction to
Pointer, English, his size and appearance; merits of, compared with those of the setter; age of;
origin of;
his disposition to hunt by scent; tailing of the
Polypus in the ear
Predisposition to disease in dogs
Preventative treatment for rabies
Prophylactic properties of the dog, as recommended by Pliny, Hippocrates, Aristotle, and others Protrusion of the eye
Pustular affection of the feet
Rabid dogs, anecdotes of
Rabies, epilepsy taken For;
remarks on;
recipes for the cure of;
preventive treatment for
Remedial means for the cure of diseases Rheumatism, causes and varieties of
Scent, disposition of the dog to hunt by Self-broken dogs
Setter, old document respecting the training of; merits of, compared with those of the pointer; Irish, inductive reasoning in
Shepherd’s dog, importance of the, to our agriculturists; of Mexico;
their introduction into this country Shepherds of Mexico
Skinner. Mr., cropping recommended by Social invitations extended to dogs
Sow, account of one finding and standing game Spaniel, King Charles’, breed of
Spanish pointer, Colonel Thornton’s Spirits of turpentine, effects of
Sportsman, Greek, his care of his dogs Spots on the cornea
Spotted dogs given by Pan to Diana
Sprains
Springer
Stealing dogs, Colonel Hawke’s account of Symptoms of disease
Tailing, objections to
of pointers
Thornton, Colonel, his Spanish pointer Throat, foreign articles in the
Toling ducks
Tongue, appearance of the, in disease Traumatic ophthalmia, treatment of
Turnside, uncommon in the country
Ulceration of the cornea;
of the eyelids
Youatt, Mr., his opinion approved
Warts of the ear
Weak eyes
Wounds of the ear
* * * * *