worshippers of God!”
[FN#223] i.e. saying, “I seek refuge with God from Satan the accursed.”
[FN#224] i.e. saying, “I purpose, etc.”
[FN#225] Lit. that the intent shall be by night.
[FN#226] At sundown.
[FN#227] Eaten a little before the break of day, the fast commencing as soon as there is light enough to distinguish a black thread from a white and lasting till sunset.
[FN#228] A saying of Mohammed.
[FN#229] i.e. retirement to a mosque for pious exercises, equivalent to the Roman Catholic retraite.
[FN#230] Two hills near Mecca.
[FN#231] On first catching sight of Mecca.
[FN#232] Places near Mecca.
[FN#233] At a pillar supposed to represent the Devil.
[FN#234] Or chief of the faith.
[FN#235] Koran vii. 66.
[FN#236] One of the followers of Mohammed, i.e. those who had known some of the Companions [of the Prophet] though they had never seen himself. The freedman [and adopted son] of Abdallah, son of Omar ben El Khettab, the most authoritative of all the Companions and reporters of the sayings and doings of the Prophet.
[FN#237] i.e. at a profit. The exchange must be equal and profitless.
[FN#238] Ablution.
[FN#239] Complete ablution.
[FN#240] Poor-rate.
[FN#241] Warring for the Faith.
[FN#242] i.e. saying, “I testify that there is no God, etc.”
[FN#243] i.e. fundamentals.
[FN#244] i.e. derivatives.
[FN#245] i.e. the true believers.
[FN#246] i.e. death.
[FN#247] i.e. that which does not require to be cut with a knife. “Cut not meat with a knife, because it is of the manners and customs of the barbarians; but eat it with your teeth.”– Mishcat ul Masabih.
[FN#248] Or “being a Muslim.”
[FN#249] Apparently referring to the verse, “The earth all [shall be] His handful [on the] Day of Resurrection and the heavens rolled up in His right [hand].”–Koran xxxix. 67.
[FN#250] See Vol. II. p. 126, note. {Vol. 2, FN#76}
[FN#251] Koran lxxviii. 19.
[FN#252] Of the unity of God.
[FN#253] i.e. professor of Koranic exegesis.
[FN#254] i.e. portions so called.
[FN#255] Heber.
[FN#256] Jethro.
[FN#257] Joshua.
[FN#258] Enoch.
[FN#259] John the Baptist.
[FN#260] i.e. the bird of clay fabled by the Koran (following the Apocryphal Gospel of the childhood of Christ) to have been animated by him.
[FN#261] Koran ii.
[FN#262] Koran ii. 256, “God, there is no god but He, the Living, the Eternal. Slumber taketh him not, neither sleep, and His is what is in the heavens and what is in the earth. Who is he that intercedeth with Him but by His leave? He knoweth what is before them and what is behind them, nor do they comprehend aught of the knowledge of Him but of what He willeth. His throne embraceth the heavens and the earth and the guarding of them oppresseth Him not, for He is the Most High, the Supreme.”
[FN#263] Koran ii. 159.
[FN#264] Koran xvi. 92.
[FN#265] Paradise, Koran lxx. 38.
[FN#266] Koran xxxix. 54.
[FN#267] See note, p. 338 supra. {Vol. 4, FN#236}
[FN#268] Koran xii. 18.
[FN#269] Koran ii. 107.
[FN#270] Koran li. 57.
[FN#271] Koran ii. 28.
[FN#272] Koran xvi. 100. The Muslims fable the devil to have tempted Abraham to disobey God’s commandment to sacrifice Ishmael (Isaac) and to have been driven off by the Patriarch with stones. Hence he is called “The Stoned.”
[FN#273] Abdallah ibn Abbas, first cousin of Mohammed and the most learned theologian among the Companions.
[FN#274] Koran xcvi. 1 and 2.
[FN#275] Koran xxvii. 30.
[FN#276] Koran ix.
[FN#277] i.e. the day of the sacrifice at Mina, which completes the ceremonies of the pilgrimage.
[FN#278] The better opinion seems to be that this omission (unique in the Koran) arose from the ninth chapter having originally formed part of the eighth, from which it was separated after Mohammed’s death.
[FN#279] Koran xvii. 110.
[FN#280] Koran ii. 158.
[FN#281] i.e. him who seals or closes the list of the prophets.
[FN#282] C. xcvi.
[FN#283] A native of Medina and one of the first of Mohammed’s disciples.
[FN#284] Koran lxxiv.
[FN#285] There are several verses on this subject.
[FN#286] Koran cx. 1.
[FN#287] The third Khalif.
[FN#288] Companions of the Prophet.
[FN#289] One of the Followers.
[FN#290] Koran v. 4.
[FN#291] Koran v. 116.
[FN#292] In the same verse.
[FN#293] Koran v. 89.
[FN#294] Ez Zuhak ben Sufyan, one of the Companions.
[FN#295] One of the Followers.
[FN#296] Koran iv. 124.
[FN#297] i.e. without hesitation or interruption.
[FN#298] Kaf, the 21st letter of the Arabic alphabet.
[FN#299] Mim, the 24th letter of the Arabic alphabet.
[FN#300] Ain, the 18th letter of the Arabic alphabet.
[FN#301] The Koran is divided into sixty set portions, answering or equivalent to our Lessons, for convenience of use in public worship.
[FN#302] Koran xi. 50.
[FN#303] Name of the partition-wall between heaven and hell.
[FN#304] Koran vii. 154.
[FN#305] A play on the word ain, which means “eye.”
[FN#306] Chapters liv. lv. and lvi.
[FN#307] i e. ankle.
[FN#308] Koran xvii. 39.
[FN#309] Two stars in Aquarius and Capricorn.
[FN#310] Or chief part, lit. head.
[FN#311] Or remedial treatment.
[FN#312] Quare hot springs.
[FN#313] A dish of crumpled bread and broth.
[FN#314] Or savoury supplement to bread, rice and so forth.
[FN#315] Koran v. 92.
[FN#316] Koran ii. 216.
[FN#317] Played with headless arrows.
[FN#318] The fourth Khalif.
[FN#319] The Korah of Numbers xvi. fabled by the Muslims (following a Talmudic tradition) to have been a man of immense wealth. “Now Caroun was of the tribe of Moses [and Aaron], but he transgressed against them and we gave him treasures, the keys whereof would bear down a company of men of strength.”– Koran xxviii. 76.
[FN#320] Syn. bearing a load (hamil).
[FN#321] Koran lxx. 40.
[FN#322] Koran x. 5.
[FN#323] Koran xxxvi. 40.
[FN#324] Koran xxii. 60.
[FN#325] Koran xxxi. 34.
[FN#326] Fifth and seventh months of the Coptic year, answering (roughly) to our January and March.
[FN#327] Fifth and seventh months of the Coptic year, answering (roughly) to our January and March.
[FN#328] Fourth month of the Coptic year.
[FN#329] Eighth and twelfth months of the Coptic year (April and August).
[FN#330] Third month (November) of the Coptic year.
[FN#331] Sixth month (February) of the Coptic year.
[FN#332] The lowest of the seven stages into which Mohammedan tradition divides the heavens.
[FN#333] Koran lxxvii. 5.
[FN#334] Koran xxxvi. 36, 37, 38.
[FN#335] Koran xxii. 7.
[FN#336] Koran xx. 57.
[FN#337] A she-camel, big with young, miraculously produced, according to Muslim legend, from a rock by the Prophet Salih, for the purpose of converting the Themoudites.
[FN#338] Where he was hiding with Mohammed from the pursuit of the Benou Curaish.
[FN#339] Koran lxxxi. 18.
[FN#340] In Paradise.
[FN#341] Sperma hominis.
[FN#342] The Muslims attribute this miracle to Moses, instead of Aaron. See Koran vii. 110 et seq.
[FN#343] [Quoth God] “What is that in thy right hand, O Moses?” Quoth he, “It is my staff, on which I lean and wherewith I beat down leaves for my flock, and I have other uses for it.”–Koran xx. 18, 19.
[FN#344] Then He turned to the heaven (now it was smoke) and said to it and to the earth, “Come ye twain, obedient or loathing.” And they said both, “We come, obedient.”–Koran xli. 10.
[FN#345] Koran xxxvi. 82.
[FN#346] Ali ibn Abi Taleb, first cousin of Mohammed and fourth Khalif.
[FN#347] Uncle of Mohammed and ancestor of the Abbaside Khalifs.
[FN#348] Lit. gave him to eat of it.
[FN#349] Assuming him to be dead.