from the Abolition Societies established in different Parts of the United States, assembled at Philadelphia on the first Day of June, one thousand seven hundred and ninety-eight, and continued, by Adjournments, until the sixth Day of the same Month, inclusive._ (Philadelphia, 1798.)
American Convention of Abolition Societies. _Minutes of the Proceedings of the Sixth Convention of Delegates from the Abolition Societies established in different parts of the United States, assembled at Philadelphia, on the fourth Day of June, one thousand eight hundred, and continued by Adjournments, until the sixth Day of the same Month, inclusive._ (Philadelphia, 1800.)
–_Minutes of the Proceedings of the Seventh Convention of Delegates from the Abolition Societies established in different parts of the United States, assembled at Philadelphia on the third Day of June, one thousand eight hundred and one, and continued by Adjournments until the sixth Day of the same Month, inclusive._ (Philadelphia, 1801.)
–_Minutes of the Proceedings of the Eighth Convention of Delegates from the Abolition Societies established in different parts of the United States, assembled at Philadelphia, on the tenth Day of January, one thousand eight hundred and three, and continued by Adjournments until the fourteenth Day of the same Month, inclusive._ (Philadelphia, 1803.)
–_Minutes of the Proceedings of the Ninth American Convention for promoting the Abolition of Slavery and improving the Condition of the African Race; assembled at Philadelphia on the ninth Day of January, one thousand eight hundred and four, and continued by Adjournments until the thirteenth Day of the same Month, inclusive._ (Philadelphia, 1804.)
–_Address of the American Convention for promoting the Abolition of Slavery and improving the Condition of the African Race, assembled at Philadelphia, in January, 1804, to the People of the United States._ (Philadelphia, 1804.)
–_Minutes of the Proceedings of the Tenth American Convention for promoting the Abolition of Slavery and improving the Condition of the African Race; assembled at Philadelphia on the fourteenth Day of January, one thousand eight hundred and five, and continued by Adjournments until the seventeenth Day of the same Month, inclusive._ (Philadelphia, 1805.)
–_Minutes of the Proceedings of the Eleventh American Convention for promoting the Abolition of Slavery and improving the Condition of the African Race; assembled at Philadelphia, on the thirteenth Day of January, one thousand eight hundred and six, and continued by Adjournments until the fifteenth Day of the same Month, inclusive._ (Philadelphia, 1806.)
–_Minutes of the Proceedings of a Special Meeting of the Fifteenth American Convention for promoting the Abolition of Slavery and improving the Condition of the African Race; assembled at Philadelphia on the tenth Day of December, 1818, and continued by Adjournments until the fifteenth Day of the same Month, inclusive._ (Philadelphia, 1818.)
–_Constitution of the American Convention for promoting the Abolition of Slavery, and improving the Condition of the African Race. Adopted on the eleventh Day of December, 1818, to take effect on the fifth Day of October, 1819._ (Philadelphia, 1819.)
–_Minutes of the Eighteenth Session of the American Convention for promoting the Abolition of Slavery, and improving the Condition of the African Race. Convened at Philadelphia, on the seventh Day of October, 1823._ (Philadelphia, 1823.)
–_To the Clergy and Pastors throughout the United States._ (Dated Philadelphia, September 18, 1826.)
–_Minutes of the Adjourned Session of the Twentieth Biennial American Convention for promoting the Abolition of Slavery. Held at Baltimore, November 28._ (Philadelphia, 1828.)
REPORTS OF ANTI-SLAVERY SOCIETIES
_The Annual Report of the American and Foreign Anti-Slavery Societies, presented at New York, May 6, 1847, with the Addresses and Resolutions._ (New York, 1847.)
_The Annual Report of the American and Foreign Anti-Slavery Societies, with the Addresses and Resolutions._ (New York, 1851.)
_The First Annual Report of the American Anti-Slavery Society, with the Speeches Delivered at the Anniversary Meeting held in Chatham Street Chapel in the City of New York, on the sixth Day of May by Adjournment on the eighth, in the Rev. Dr. Lansing’s Church, and the Minutes of the Society for Business._ (New York, 1834.)
_The Second Annual Report of the American Anti-Slavery Society, held in the City of New York, on the twelfth of May, 1835, and the Minutes and Proceedings of the Society for Business._ (New York, 1835.)
_The Third Annual Report of the American Anti-Slavery Society, with the Speeches delivered at the Anniversary Meeting held in the City of New York on May the tenth, 1836, and Minutes of the Meetings of the Society for Business._ (New York, 1836.)
_The Fourth Annual Report of the American Anti-Slavery Society, with the Speeches delivered at the Anniversary Meeting held in the City of New York on the ninth of May, 1837._ (New York, 1837.)
_The Fifth Annual Report of the American Anti-Slavery Society, with the Speeches delivered at the Anniversary Meeting and the Minutes and Proceedings of the Society for Business._ (New York, 1838.)
_The Sixth Annual Report of the American Anti-Slavery Society, with the Speeches delivered at the Anniversary Meeting held in the City of New York, on the seventh Day of May, 1839, and the Minutes of the Meetings of the Society for Business, held on the evenings of the three following days._ (New York, 1839.)
_The Annual Report of the American Anti-Slavery Society by the Executive Committee for the year ending May 1, 1859._ (New York, 1860.)
_The Third Annual Report of the Managers of the New England Anti-Slavery Society presented June 2, 1835_. (Boston, 1835.)
_Annual Reports of the Massachusetts (or New England) Anti-Slavery Society, 1831-end_.
_Reports of the National Anti-Slavery Convention, 1833-end_.
REPORTS OF COLONIZATION SOCIETIES
_Reports of the American Colonization Society, 1818-1832_.
_Report of the New York Colonization Society, October 1, 1823_. (New York, 1823.)
_The Seventh Annual Report of the Colonization Society of the City of New York_. (New York, 1839.)
_Proceedings of the New York State Colonization Society, 1831_. (Albany, 1831.)
_The Eighteenth Annual Report of the Colonization Society of the State of New York_. (New York, 1850.)
REPORTS OF CONVENTIONS OF FREE NEGROES
_Minutes and Proceedings of the First Annual Convention of the People of Color. Held by Adjournment in the City of Philadelphia, from the sixth to the eleventh of June, inclusive_, 1831.
(Philadelphia, 1831.)
_Minutes and Proceedings of the Second Annual Convention for the Improvement of the Free People of Color in these United States. Held by Adjournments in the City of Philadelphia, from the 4th to the 13th of June, inclusive, 1832_,(Philadelphia, 1832.)
_Minutes and Proceedings of the Third Annual Convention for the Improvement of the Free People of Color in these United States. Held by Adjournments in the city of Philadelphia, in 1833. (New York, 1833.)_ These proceedings were published also in the New York Commercial Advertiser, April 27, 1833.
_Minutes and Proceedings of the Fourth Annual Convention for the Improvement of the Free People of Color in the United States. held by Adjournments in the Asbury Church, New York, from the 2d to the 12th of June, 1834._ (New York, 1834.)
_Proceedings of the Convention of the Colored Freedmen of Ohio at Cincinnati, January 14, 1852._ (Cincinnati, Ohio, 1852.)
MISCELLANEOUS BOOKS AND PAMPHLETS
ADAMS, ALICE DANA. _The Neglected Period of Anti-Slavery in America._ Radcliffe College Monographs No. 14. (Boston and London, 1908.) Contains some valuable facts about the education of the Negroes during the first three decades of the nineteenth century.
ADAMS, JOHN. _The Works of John Adams, Second President of the United States_; with a Life of the Author, Notes, and Illustrations by his Grandson, Charles Francis Adams. Ten volumes. Volume x., shows the attitude of James Otis toward the Negroes.
ADAMS, NEHEMIAH. _A South-Side View of Slavery; or Three Months at the South in 1854._ (Boston, 1854.) The position of the South on the education of the colored people is well set forth.
AGRICOLA (pseudonym). _An Impartial View of the Real State of the Black Population in the United States._ (Philadelphia, 1824.)
ALBERT, O.V. _The House of Bondage_; or Charlotte Brooks and other Slaves Original and Life-like as they appeared in their Plantation and City Slave Life; together with pen Pictures of the peculiar Institution, with Sights and Insights into their new Relations as Freedmen, Freemen, and Citizens, with an Introduction by Reverend Bishop Willard Mallalieu. (New York and Cincinnati, 1890.)
ALEXANDER, A. _A History of Colonization on the Western Continent of Africa._ (Philadelphia, 1846.) Treats of education in “An Account of the Endeavors used by the Society for the Propagation of the Gospel in Foreign Parts, to instruct Negroes in the City of New York, together with two of Bishop Gibson’s Letters on that subject, being an Extract from Dr. Humphrey’s Historical Account of the Incorporated Society for the Propagation of the Gospel in Foreign Parts from its Foundation in the Year 1728.” (London, 1730.)
_An Address to the People of North Carolina on the Evils of Slavery, by the Friends of Liberty and Equality, 1830._ (Greensborough, 1830.)
_An Address to the Presbyterians of Kentucky proposing a Plan for the Instruction and Emancipation of their Slaves by a Committee of the Synod of Kentucky._ (Newburyport, 1836.)
ANDERSON, MATTHEW._Presbylerianism–Its Relation to the Negro._ (Philadelphia, 1897.)
ANDREWS, E.E. _Slavery and the Domestic Slave Trade in the United States._ In a series of letters addressed to the Executive Committee of the American Union for the Relief and Improvement of the Colored Race. (Boston, 1836.)
BALDWIN, EBENEZER. _Observations on the Physical and Moral Qualities of our Colored Population with Remarks on the Subject of Emancipation and Colonization._ (New Haven, 1834.)
BASSETT, J.S. _Slavery and Servitude in the Colony of North Carolina._ (Johns Hopkins University Studies in Historical and Political Science. Fourteenth Series, iv.-v. Baltimore, 1896.)
—- _Slavery in the State of North Carolina._ (Johns Hopkins University Studies in Historical and Political Science. Series XVII., Nos. 7-8. Baltimore, 1899.)
—- _Anti-Slavery Leaders of North Carolina._ (Johns Hopkins University Studies in Historical and Political Science. Series XVI., No. 6. Baltimore, 1898.)
BAXTER, RICHARD. _Practical Works._ Twenty-three volumes. (London, 1830.)
BENEZET, ANTHONY. _A Caution to Great Britain and Her Colonies in a Short Representation of the calamitous state of the enslaved Negro in the British Dominions._ (Philadelphia, 1784.)
—- _The Case of our Fellow-Creatures, the Oppressed Africans, respectfully recommended to the serious Consideration of the Legislature of Great Britain, by the People called Quakers._ (London, 1783.)
—- _Observations on the enslaving, importing, and purchasing of Negroes; with some advice thereon, extracted from the Epistle of the Yearly-Meeting of the People called Quakers, held at London in the Year 1748._ (Germantown, 1760.)
—- _The Potent Enemies of America laid open: being some Account of the baneful Effects attending the Use of distilled spirituous Liquors, and the Slavery of the Negroes._ (Philadelphia.)
—- _A Short Account of that Part of Africa, inhabited by the Negroes. With respect to the Fertility of the Country; the good Disposition of many of the Natives, and the Manner by which the Slave Trade is carried on._ (Philadelphia, 1792.)
—- _Short Observations on Slavery, Introductory to Some Extracts from the Writings of the Abbe Raynal, on the Important Subject._
—- _Some Historical Account of Guinea, its Situation, Produce, and the General Disposition of its Inhabitants. With an Inquiry into the Rise and Progress of the Slave Trade, its Nature and Lamentable Effects._ (London, 1788.)
BIRNEY, JAMES G. _The American Churches, the Bulwarks of American Slavery, by an American._ (Newburyport, 1842.)
BIRNEY, WILLIAM. _James G. Birney and his Times. The Genesis of the Republican Party, with Some Account of the Abolition Movements in the South before 1828._ (New York, 1890.)
BOURNE, WILLIAM O. _History of the Public School Society of the City of New York, with Portraits of the Presidents of the Society._ (New York, 1870.)
BRACKETT, JEFFERY R._The Negro in Maryland. A Study of the Institution of Slavery._ (Baltimore, Johns Hopkins University, 1889).
BRANAGAN, THOMAS. _A Preliminary Essay on the Oppression of the Exiled Sons of Africa, Consisting of Animadversions on the Impolicy and Barbarity of the Deleterious Commerce and Subsequent Slavery of the Human Species_. (Philadelphia: Printed for the Author by John W. Scott, 1804.)
BRANAGAN, T. _Serious Remonstrances Addressed to the Citizens of the Northern States and their Representatives, being an Appeal to their Natural Feelings and Common Sense; Consisting of Speculations and Animadversions, on the Recent Revival of the Slave Trade in the American Republic_. (Philadelphia, 1805.)
BROWN, W.W. _My Southern Home_. (Boston, 1882.)
CHILD, LYDIA MARIA. _An Appeal in Favor of that Class of Americans Called Africans_. (Boston: Allen & Ticknor, 1833, and New York: J.S. Taylor, 1836.)
CHANNING, WILLIAM E. _Slavery_. (Boston: J. Munroe & Co., 1835.)
—- _Remarks on the Slavery Question_. (Boston: J. Munroe & Co., 1839.)
COBB, T.R.R. _An Historical Sketch of Slavery_. (Philadelphia: T. & J.W. Johnson, 1858.)
—- _An Inquiry into the Law of Negro Slavery in the United States of America. To which is Prefixed an Historical Sketch of Slavery by Thomas R.R. Cobb of Georgia_. (Philadelphia and Savannah, 1858.)
COFFIN, JOSHUA. _An Account of Some of the Principal Slave Insurrections and Others which have Occurred or been attempted in the United States and Elsewhere during the Last Two Centuries. With Various Remarks. Collected from Various Sources_. (New York, 1860.)
CONWAY, MONCURE DANIEL. _Testimonies Concerning Slavery_. (London: Chapman & Hall, 1865.) The author was a native of Virginia.
CULP, D.W. _Twentieth Century Negro Literature, or a Cyclopedia of Thought, Vital Topics Relating to the American Negro by One Hundred of America’s Greatest Negroes_. (Toronto, Naperville, Ill., and Atlanta, Ga., 1902.)
DE BOW, J.D.B. _Industrial Resources of the Southern and Western States_. (New Orleans, 1852-1853.)
DELANY, M.R. _The Condition of the Colored People in United States_. (Boston, 1852.)
DRESSER, AMOS. _The Narrative of Amos Dresser with Stone’s Letters from Natchez–an Obituary Notice of the Writer and Two Letters from Tallahassee Relating to the Treatment of Slaves_. (New York, 1836.)
DREWERY, WILLIAM SIDNEY. _Slave Insurrections in Virginia, 1830-1865._ (Washington, 1900.)
DUBOIS, W.E.B. _The Philadelphia Negro._ (Philadelphia, 1896.)
—- _The Suppression of the African Slave Trade to the United States of America, 1638-1870._ Harvard Historical Studies, Vol. i. (New York, London, and Bombay, 1896.)
—- Atlanta University Publications, _The Negro Common School._ (Atlanta, 1901.)
—- _The College-Bred Negro._ (Atlanta, 1900.)
—- _The Negro Church._ (Atlanta, 1903.)
—- and Dill, A.G. _The College-Bred Negro American._ (Atlanta, 1910.)
—- _The Common School and the Negro American._ (Atlanta, 1911.)
—- _The Negro American Artisan._ (Atlanta, 1912.)
ELLIOTT, REV. CHARLES. _History of the Great Secession from the Methodist Episcopal Church, etc._
_Exposition of the Object and Plan of the American Union for the Relief and Improvement of the Colored Race._ (Boston, 1835.)
FEE, JOHN G. _Anti-Slavery Manual._ (Maysville, 1848.)
FISH, C.R. _Guide to the Materials for American History in Roman and Other Italian Archives._ (Washington, D.C., Carnegie Institution, 1911.)
FRANKLIN, BENJAMIN. _The Writings of Benjamin Franklin Collected and Edited with a Life and Introduction by Albert Henry Smyth._ (New York, 1905-1907.)
FROST, W.G. “Appalachian America.” In vol. i. of _The Americana_ (New York, 1912.)
GARNETT, H.H. _The Past and Present Condition and the Destiny of the Colored Race._ (Troy, 1848.)
GOODLOE, D.R. _The Southern Platform._ (Boston, 1858.)
GREGOIRE, BISHOP. _De la Litterature des Negres._ (Paris, 1808.) Translated and published by D.B. Warden at Brooklyn, in 1810.
HARRISON, SAMUEL ALEXANDER. _Wenlock Christison, and the Early Friends in Talbot County, Maryland._ A Paper read before the Maryland Historical Society, March 9, 1874. (Baltimore, 1878.)
HENSON, JOSIAH. _The Life of Josiah Henson._ (Boston, 1849.)
HICKOK, CHARLES THOMAS. _The Negro in Ohio_, 1802-1870. (Cleveland, 1896.)
HODGKIN, THOMAS A. _Inquiry into the Merits of the American Colonization Society and Reply to the Charges Brought against it, with an Account of the British African Colonization Society_. (London, 1833.)
HOLLAND, EDWIN C. _Refutation of Calumnies Circulated against the Southern and Western States_. (Charleston, 1822.)
HOWE, SAMUEL G. _The Refugees from Slavery in Canada West. Report to the Freedmen’s Inquiry Committee_. (Boston, 1864.)
INGLE, EDWARD. _The Negro in the District of Columbia_. (Johns Hopkins Studies in Historical and Political Sciences, vol. xi., Baltimore, 1893.)
JAY, JOHN. _The Correspondence and Public Papers of John Jay, First Chief Justice of the United States and President of the Continental Congress, Member of the Commission to Negotiate the Treaty of Independence, Envoy to Great Britain, Governor of New York, etc_., 1782-1793. (New York and London, 1891.) Edited by Henry P. Johnson, Professor of History in the College of the City of New York.
JAY, WILLIAM. _An Inquiry into the Character and Tendencies of the American Colonization and American Anti-Slavery Societies_. Second edition. (New York, 1835.)
JEFFERSON, THOMAS. The Writings of Thomas Jefferson. Memorial Edition. Autobiography, Notes on Virginia, Parliamentary Manual, Official Papers, Messages and Addresses, and Other Writings Official and Private, etc. (Washington, 1903.)
Johns Hopkins University Studies in Historical and Political Science. H.B. Adams, Editor. (Baltimore, Johns Hopkins Press.)
JONES, C.C. _A Catechism of Scripture, Doctrine, and Practice_. (Philadelphia, 1852.)
KIRK, EDWARD E. _Educated Labor, etc_. (New York, 1868.)
LANGSTON, JOHN M. _From the Virginia Plantation to the National Capital; or, The First and Only Negro Representative in Congress from the Old Dominion_. (Hartford, 1894.)
_L’Esclavage dans les Etats Confederes par un missionaire_. Deuxieme edition. (Paris, 1865.)
LOCKE, M.S. _Anti-Slavery in America, from the Introduction of African Slaves to the Prohibition of the Slave Trade_, 1619-1808. Radcliffe College Monographs, No. 11. (Boston, 1901.)
LONG, J.D. _Pictures of Slavery in Church and State, Including Personal Reminiscences, Biographical Sketches, Anecdotes, etc., with Appendix Containing the Views of John Wesley and Richard Watson on Slavery_. (Philadelphia, 1857.)
LOWERY, WOODBURY. _The Spanish Settlements within the Present Limits of the United States. Florida_, 1562-1574. (New York and London, 1905.)
MADISON, JAMES. _Letters and Other Writings of James Madison Published by Order of Congress_. Four volumes. (Philadelphia, 1865.)
MALLARY, R.O. _Maybank: Some Memoirs of a Southern Christian Household; Family Life of C.C. Jones_.
MAY, S.J. _Some Recollections of our Anti-Slavery Conflict_.
MCLEOD, ALEXANDER. _Negro Slavery Unjustifiable. A Discourse by the Late Alexander McLeod, 1802, with an Appendix_. (New York, 1863.)
MEADE, BISHOP WILLIAM. _Old Churches, Ministers, and Families, of Virginia_. (Philadelphia, 1897.)
MONROE, JAMES. _The Writings of James Monroe, Including a Collection of his Public and Private Papers and Correspondence now for the First Time Printed, Edited by S.M. Hamilton_. (Boston, 1900.)
MOORE, GEORGE H. _Notes on the History of Slavery in Massachusetts by George H. Moore, Librarian of the New York Historical Society and Corresponding Member of the Massachusetts Historical Society_. (New York, 1866.)
MORGAN, THOMAS J. _The Negro in America_. (Philadelphia, 1898.)
NEEDLES, EDWARD. _Ten Years’ Progress, or a Comparison of the State and Condition of the Colored People in the City and County of Philadelphia from 1837 to 1847_. (Philadelphia, 1849.)
OTHELLO (PSEUDONYM). “Essays on Negro Slavery.” Published in _The American Museum_ in 1788. Othello was a free Negro.
OVINGTON, M.W. _Half-a-Man_. (New York, 1911.) Treats of the Negro in the State of New York. A few pages are devoted to the education of the colored people.
PARRISH, JOHN. _Remarks on the Slavery of the Black People; Addressed to the Citizens of the United States, Particularly to those who are in Legislative or Executive Stations in the General or State Governments; and also to Such Individuals as Hold them in Bondage_. (Philadelphia, 1806.)
PLUMER, W.S. _Thoughts on the Religious Instruction of the Negroes of this Country_. (Savannah, 1848.)
Plymouth Colony, New. _Records of the Colony of New Plymouth in New England_. Printed by Order of the Legislature of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts. Edited by Nathaniel B. Shurtleff, Member of the Massachusetts Historical Society, and Fellow of the Antiquarians of London. (Boston, 1855.)
PORTEUS, BISHOP BEILBY. _The Works of the Rev. Beilby Porteus, D.D., Late Bishop of London, with his Life by the Rev. Robert Hodgson, A.M., F.R.S., Rector of St. George’s, Hanover Square, and One of the Chaplains in ordinary to His Majesty_. A new edition in six volumes. (London, 1816.)
POWER, REV. JOHN H. _Review of the Lectures of William A. Smith, D.D., on the Philosophy and Practice of Slavery as Exhibited in the Institution of Domestic Slavery in the United States, with the Duties of Masters to Slaves in a Series of Letters addressed to the Author_. (Cincinnati, 1859.)
Quaker Pamphlet.
RICE, DAVID. _Slavery Inconsistent with Justice and Good Policy: Proved by a Speech Delivered in the Convention Held at Danville, Kentucky_. (Philadelphia, 1792, and London, 1793.)
SCOBER, J. _Negro Apprenticeship in the Colonies_. (London, 1837.)
SECKER, THOMAS. _The Works of the Right Reverend Thomas Seeker, Archbishop of Canterbury with a Review of his Life and Character by B. Porteus_. (New edition in six volumes, London, 1811.)
SIEBERT, WILBUR H. _The Underground Railroad from Slavery to Freedom, by W.H. Siebert, Associate Professor of History in the Ohio State University, with an Introduction by A.B. Hart_. (New York, 1898.)
SMITH, WILLIAM A. _Lectures on the Philosophy and Practice of Slavery as Exhibited in the Institution of Domestic Slavery in the United States, with the Duties of Masters to Slaves_. (Nashville, Tenn., 1856.) Doctor Smith was the President and Professor of Moral and Intellectual Philosophy of Randolph-Macon College.
_Slavery and the Internal Slave Trade in the United States of America, being Inquiries to Questions Transmitted by the Committee of the British and Foreign Anti-Slavery Society for the Abolition of Slavery and the Slave Trade throughout the World. Presented to the General Anti-Slavery Convention Held in London, June, 1840, by the Executive Committee of the American Anti-Slavery Society._ (London, 1841.)
_The Enormity of the Slave Trade and the Duty of Seeking the Moral and Spiritual Elevation of the Colored Race._ (New York.) This work includes speeches of Wilberforce and other documents.
_The Jesuit Relations and Allied Documents, Travels, and Explorations of the Jesuit Missionaries in New France, 1610-1791. The Original French, Latin, and Italian Texts with English Translations and Notes; Illustrated by Portraits, Maps, and Facsimiles. Edited by Reuben Gold Thwaites, Secretary of the State Historical Society of Wisconsin._ (Cleveland, 1896.)
_The South Vindicated from the Treason and Fanaticism of the Northern Abolitionists._ (Philadelphia, 1836.)
THOMPSON, GEORGE. _Speech at the Meeting for the Extinction of Negro Apprenticeship._ (London, 1838.)
—- _The Free Church Alliance with Manstealers. Send Back the Money. Great Anti-Slavery Meeting in the City Hall, Glasgow, Containing the Speeches Delivered by Messrs. Wright, Douglass, and Buffum, from America, and by George Thompson of London, with a Summary Account of a Series of Meetings Held in Edinburgh by the Abovenamed Gentlemen._ (Glasgow, 1846.)
TORREY, JESSE, JR. _A Portraiture of Domestic Slavery in the United States, with Reflections on the Practicability of Restoring the Moral Rights of the Slave, without Impairing the Legal Privileges of the Possessor, and a Project of a Colonial Asylum for Free Persons of Color, Including Memoirs of Facts on the Interior Traffic in Slaves, and on Kidnapping, Illustrated with Engravings by Jesse Torrey, Jr., Physician, Author of a Series of Essays on Morals and the Diffusion of Knowledge._ (Philadelphia, 1817.)
—- _American Infernal Slave Trade; with Reflections on the Project for forming a Colony of Blacks in Africa_. (London, 1822.)
TOWER, PHILO. _Slavery Unmasked: Being a Truthful Narrative of Three Years’ Residence and Journeying in Eleven Southern States; to which is Added “The Invasion of Kansas,” Including the Last Chapter of her Wrongs_. (Rochester, 1856.)
TURNER, E.R. _The Negro in Pennsylvania_. (Washington, 1911.)
_Tyrannical Libertymen: a Discourse upon Negro Slavery in the United States; Composed at—- in New Hampshire; on the Late Federal Thanksgiving Day_. (Hanover, N.H., 1795.)
VAN EVRIE, JOHN H. _Negroes and Negro Slavery_, by J.H. Van Evrie, M.D. _Introductory Chapter: Causes of Popular Delusion on the Subject_. (Washington, 1853.)
—- _White Supremacy and Negro Subordination; or, Negroes a Subordinate Race, and So-called Slavery its Normal Condition. With an Appendix Showing the Past and Present Condition of the Countries South of us_. (New York, 1868.)
WALKER, DAVID. _Walker’s Appeal in Four Articles, together with a Preamble, to the Colored Citizens of the World, but in Particular and very Expressly to those of the United States of America. Written in Boston, State of Massachusetts, September_ 28, 1820. Second edition. (Boston, 1830.) Walker was a Negro who hoped to arouse his race to self-assertion.
WASHINGTON, B.T. _The Story of the Negro_. Two volumes (New York, 1909.)
WASHINGTON, GEORGE. _The Writings of George Washington, being his Correspondence, Addresses, Messages, and other Papers, Official and Private, Selected and Published from the Original Manuscripts with the Life of the Author, Notes and Illustrations, by Jared Sparks_. (Boston, 1835.)
WEEKS, STEPHEN B. _Southern Quakers and Slavery. A Study in Institutional History_. (Baltimore, The Johns Hopkins Press, 1896.)
—- _The Anti-Slavery Sentiment in the South; with Unpublished Letters from John Stuart Mill and Mrs. Stowe_. (Southern History Association Publications. Volume ii., No. 2, Washington, D. C, April, 1898.)
WESLEY, JOHN. _Thoughts upon Slavery. In the Potent Enemies of America Laid Open…. London, printed: Reprinted in Philadelphia with Notes, and Sold by Joseph Cruikshank_. 1774.
WIGHAM, ELIZA. _The Anti-Slavery Cause in America and its Martyrs_. (London, 1863.)
WILLIAMS, GEORGE W. _History of the Negro Race in the United States from 1619-1880. Negroes as Slaves, as Soldiers, and as Citizens: together with a Preliminary Consideration of the Unity of the Human Family, an Historical Sketch of Africa and an Account of the Negro Governments of Sierra Leone and Liberia_. (New York, 1883.)
WOOLMAN, JOHN. _The Works of John Woolman. In two parts. Part I: a Journal of the Life, Gospel-Labors, and Christian Experiences of that Faithful Minister of Christ, John Woolman, Late of Mount Holly, in the Province of New Jersey_. (London, 1775.)
—- _Same. Part Second. Containing his Last Epistle and other Writings_. (London, 1775.)
—- _Some Considerations on the Keeping of Negroes. Recommended to the Professors of Christianity of every Denomination_. (Philadelphia, 1754.)
—- _Considerations on Keeping Negroes; Recommended to the Professors of Christianity of every Denomination. Part Second_. (Philadelphia, 1762.)
WRIGHT, R.R., JR. _The Negro in Pennsylvania_. (Philadelphia, 1912.)
MAGAZINES
_The Abolitionist, or Record of the New England Anti-Slavery Society_. Edited by a committee. Appeared in January, 1833.
_The African Methodist Episcopal Church Review_. Valuable for the following articles:
“The Colored Public Schools of Washington,” by James Storum, vol. v., p. 279.
“The Negro as an Inventor,” by R.R. Wright, vol. ii., p. 397. “Negro Poets,” vol. iv., p. 236.
“The Negro in Journalism,” vols. vi., 309, and xx., 137.
_The African Repository_. Published by the American Colonization Society from 1826 to 1832. A very good source for the development of Negro education both in this country and Liberia. Some of its most valuable articles are: “Learn Trades or Starve,” by Frederick Douglass, vol. xxix., pp. 136 and 137. Taken from Frederick Douglass’s Paper.
“Education of the Colored People,” by a highly respectable gentleman of the South, vol. xxx., pp. 194,195, and 196.
“Elevation of the Colored Race,” a memorial circulated in North Carolina, vol. xxxi., pp. 117 and 118.
“A Lawyer for Liberia,” a sketch of Garrison Draper, vol. xxxiv., pp. 26 and 27.
Numerous articles on the religious instruction of the Negroes occur throughout the foregoing volumes. Information about the actual literary training of the colored people is given as news items.
_The American Museum_, or _Repository of Ancient and Modern Fugitive Pieces, etc., Prose and Poetical_. Vols. i.-iv. (First and second editions, Philadelphia, 1788. Third edition, Philadelphia, 1790.) Contains some interesting essays on the intellectual status of the Negroes, etc., contributed by “Othello,” a free Negro.
_The Colonizationist and Journal of Freedom_. The author has been able to find only the volume which contains the numbers for the year 1834.
_The Crisis_. A record of the darker races published by the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People.
_The Maryland Journal of Colonization_. Published as the official organ of the Maryland Colonization Society. Among its important articles are: “The Capacities of the Negro Race,” vol. iii., p. 367; and “The Educational Facilities of Liberia,” vol. vii., p. 223.
_The Non-Slaveholder_. Two volumes of this publication are now found in the Library of Congress.
_The School Journal_.
_The Southern Workman_. Volume xxxvii. contains Dr. R.R. Wright’s valuable dissertation on “Negro Rural Communities in Indiana.”
NEWSPAPERS
District of Columbia.
_The Daily National Intelligencer_.
Louisiana
_The New Orleans Commercial Bulletin._
Maryland.
_The Maryland Journal and Baltimore Advertiser._ _The Maryland Gazette._
_Dunlop’s Maryland Gazette_ or _The Baltimore Advertiser._
Massachusetts.
_The Liberator._
New York.
_The New York Daily Advertiser._
_The New York Tribune._
North Carolina.
_The State Gazette of North Carolina._ _The Newbern Gazette._
Pennsylvania.
_The Philadelphia Gazette._
South Carolina.
_The City Gazette and Commercial Daily Advertiser._ _The State Gazette of South Carolina._ _The Charleston Courier._
_The South Carolina Weekly Advertiser._ _The Carolina Gazette._
_The Columbian Herald._
Virginia.
_The Richmond Enquirer._
_The Norfolk and Portsmouth Herald._ _The Virginia Herald._ (Fredericksburg.) _The Norfolk and Portsmouth Chronicle._
LAWS, DIGESTS, CHARTERS, CONSTITUTIONS, AND REPORTS
GENERAL
Code Noir ou Recueil d’edits, declarations et arrets concernant la Discipline et le commerce des esclaves Negres des isles francaises de l’Amerique (in Recueils de reglemens, edits, declarations et arrets, concernant le commerce, l’administration de la justice et la police des colonies francaises de l’Amerique, et les engages avec le Code Noir, et l’addition audit code). (Paris, 1745.)
GOODELL, WILLIAM. _The American Slave Code in Theory and Practice: Its Distinctive Features Shown by its Statutes, Judicial Decisions, and Illustrative Facts._ (New York, 1853.)
PETERS, RICHARD. _Condensed Reports of Cases Argued and Adjudged in the Supreme Court of the United States._ Six volumes. (Philadelphia, 1830-1834.)
THORPE, F.N. _Federal and State Constitution, Colonial Charters, and Other Organic Laws of the States, Territories, and Colonies now or heretofore Forming the United States of America. Compiled and Edited under an Act of Congress, June 30, 1906._ (Washington, 1909.)
STATE
Alabama.
_Acts of the General Assembly Passed by the State of Alabama._ CLAY, C.C. _Digest of the Laws of the State of Alabama to 1843._ (Tuscaloosa, 1843.)
Connecticut.
_Public Acts Passed by the General Assembly of Connecticut._
Delaware.
_Laws of the State of Delaware Passed by the General Assembly._
District of Columbia.
BURCH, SAMUEL. _A Digest of the Laws of the Corporation of the City of Washington, with an Appendix of the Laws of the United States Relating to the District of Columbia._ (Washington, 1823.)
Florida.
_Acts of the Legislative Council of the Territory of Florida._ _Acts and Resolutions of the General Assembly of the State of Florida._
Georgia.
_Laws of the State of Georgia._
COBB, HOWELL. _A Digest of the Statutes of Georgia in General Use to 1846._ (New York, 1846.)
DAWSON, WILLIAM. _A Compilation of the Laws of the State of Georgia to 1831._ (Milledgeville, 1831.) PRINCE, O.H. _A Digest of the Laws of the State of Georgia to 1837._ (Athens, 1837.)
Illinois.
_Laws of the State of Illinois Passed by the General Assembly._ STARR, M., and RUSSELL H. CURTIS. _Annotated Statutes of Illinois in Force, January 1, 1885._
Indiana.
_Laws of a General Nature Passed by the State of Indiana._
Kentucky.
_Acts of the General Assembly of the Commonwealth of Kentucky._
Louisiana.
_Acts Passed by the Legislature of the State of Louisiana._ BULLARD, HENRY A., and THOMAS CURRY. _A New Digest of the Statute Laws of the State of Louisiana to 1842._ (New Orleans, 1842.)
Maryland.
_Laws Made and Passed by the General Assembly of the State of Maryland._
Massachusetts.
_Acts and Resolves Passed by the General Court of Massachusetts._ QUINCY, JOSIAH, JR. _Reports of Cases, Superior Court of Judicature of the Province of Massachusetts Bay, 1761-1772._ (Boston, 1865.)
Mississippi.
_Laws of the State of Mississippi Passed at the Regular Sessions of the Legislature._
POINDEXTER, GEORGE. _Revised Code of the Laws of Mississippi._ (Natchez, 1824.)
HUTCHINSON, A. _Code of Mississippi._ (Jackson, 1848.)
Missouri.
_Acts of the General Assembly of the State of Missouri._
New Jersey.
_Acts of the General Assembly of the State of New Jersey._
New York.
_Laws of the State of New York._
Ohio.
_Acts of a General Nature Passed by the General Assembly of the State of Ohio._
_Acts of a Local Nature Passed by the General Assembly of the State of Ohio._
Pennsylvania.
_Laws of the General Assembly of the State of Pennsylvania._ BRIGHTLY, FRANK F. _A Digest of the Laws of Pennsylvania._ STROUD, G.M. _Purdon’s Digest of the Laws of Pennsylvania from 1700 to 1851._ (Philadelphia, 1852.)
Rhode Island.
_Acts and Resolves Passed by the General Assembly of the State of Rhode Island and Providence Plantations._
South Carolina.
_Acts and Resolutions of the General Assembly of the State of South Carolina._
BREVARD, JOSEPH. _An Alphabetical Digest of the Public Statute Laws of South Carolina from 1692 to 1813._ Three volumes. (Charleston, 1814.)
Tennessee.
_Acts of the General Assembly of the State of Tennessee._
Virginia.
_Acts of the General Assembly of Virginia._ HENING, W.W. _Statutes at Large: A Collection of all the Laws of Virginia from the First Session of the Legislature in the Year 1816._ (Richmond, 1819 to 1823.) Published pursuant to an act of the General Assembly of Virginia, passed on the 5th of February, 1808. The work was extended by S. Shepherd who published three additional volumes in 1836. Chief source of historical material for the history of Virginia.
TATE, Joseph. _A Digest of the Laws of Virginia._ (Richmond, 1841.)
INDEX
Abdy, E.S., learned that slaves were taught Abolitionists, interested in the enlightenment of Negroes Account of a pious Negro
Actual education after the revolutionary period Adams, Rev. Henry, teacher at Louisville Adams, John, report of James Otis’s argument on the Writs of Assistance; views on slavery
Address of the American Convention of Abolition Societies African Benevolent Society of Rhode Island, school of African Episcopalians of Philadelphia, school of African Free School of Baltimore
African Free Schools of New York
African Methodist Episcopal Church, established Union Seminary; purchased Wilberforce
Agricultural Convention of Georgia recommended that slaves be taught to read
Alabama, law of 1832; provision for teaching Negroes at Mobile; Presbyterians of, interested
Albany Normal School, colored student admitted Alexandria, Virginia Quakers of, instructed Negroes; Benjamin Davis, a teacher of
Allen, Richard, organized A.M.E. Church; author Allen, W.H., teacher of Negroes
Ambush, James E., teacher in the District of Columbia American Colonization Society, The, efforts of, to educate Negroes American Convention of Abolition Societies, The, interested in the education of Negroes; recommended industrial education; addresses of American Union, The, organized; names of its promoters (see note 1 on page 142)
Amherstburg, Canada, opened a colored school; established a mission school
Anderson, John G., musician
Andrew, one of the first two colored teachers in Carolina Andrews, C.C. principal of New York African Free Schools Andrews, E.A., student of the needs of the Negroes Anti-slavery agitation, effect of, on education in cities Appalachian Mountains, settled by people favorable to Negroes Appo, William, musician
Arnett, B.W., teacher in Pennsylvania Ashmun Institute, founded; names of the trustees Athens College, admitted colored students Attainments of Negroes at the close of the eighteenth century Auchmutty, Reverend, connected with the school established by Elias Neau
Augusta, Dr. A.T., learned to read in Virginia Avery College, established
Avery, Rev. Charles, donor of $300,000 for the education and Christianization of the African race
Bacon, Rev. Thomas, sermons on the instruction of Negroes Baldwin County, Alabama, provision for teaching Negroes Baltimore, several colored churches; colored schools of; an adult school of 180 pupils; Sunday-schools; day and night school; Bible Society; African Free School; donation of Wells; donation of Crane; school tax paid by Negroes, note on page—- Banks, Henry, learned to read in Virginia Banneker, Benjamin, studied in Maryland; made a clock; took up astronomy;
encouraged by Ellicott; corresponded with Thomas Jefferson Baptist preacher, taught Negroes in South Carolina Baptists, aided the education of Negroes; established school at Bexley, Liberia; changed attitude toward the uplift of Negroes Barclay, David, gave money to build school-house Barclay, Reverend, instructed Negroes in New York Barr, John W., taught M.W. Taylor in Kentucky Baxter, Richard, instructed masters to enlighten their slaves Beard, Simeon, had a school in Charleston Becraft, Maria, established a school in the District of Columbia Bell family, progress of
Bell, George, built first colored school-house in District of Columbia Bell School established
Benezet, Anthony, advocated the education of Negroes; taught Negroes; believed in western colonization; opinion on Negro intellect; bequeathed wealth to educate Negroes; school-house built with the fund;(see note giving sketch of his career) Berea College, founded
Berkshire Medical School had trouble admitting Negroes; graduated colored physicians
Berry’s portraiture of the Negroes’ condition after the reaction Bibb, Mary E., taught at Windsor, Canada Billings, Maria, taught in the District of Columbia Birney, James G., criticized the church; helped Negroes on free soil Bishop, Josiah, preached to white congregation in Portsmouth, Virginia Bishop of London, declared that the conversion of slaves did not work manumission
“Black Friday,” Portsmouth, Ohio, Negroes driven out Blackstone, studied to justify the struggle for the rights of man; his idea of the body politic forgotten
Bleecker, John, interested in the New York African Free Schools Boone, R.G., sketch of education in Indiana Boston, Massachusetts, colored school opened; opened its first primary school; school in African Church; several colored churches; struggle for democratic education; (see also Massachusetts) Boucher, Jonathan, interested in the uplift of Negroes; an advocate of education; (see note on, 56); extract from address of Boulder, J.F., student in a mixed school in Delaware Bowditch, H.J., asked that Negroes be admitted to Boston public schools Bowdoin College, admitted a Negro
Bradford, James T., studied at Pittsburgh Branagan advocated colonization of the Negroes in the West Bray, Dr. Thomas, a promoter of the education of Negroes; “Associates of Dr. Bray,”; plan of, for the instruction of Negroes Brearcroft, Dr., alluded to the plan for the enlightenment of Negroes Breckenridge, John, contributed to the education of the colored people of Baltimore
Bremer, Fredrika, found colored schools in the South; observed the teaching of slaves
British American Manual Labor Institute, established at Dawn, Canada Brown, a graduate of Harvard College, taught colored children in Boston Brown County, Ohio, colored schools of, established Brown, Jeremiah H., studied at Pittsburgh Brown, J.M., attended school in Delaware Brown, William Wells, author; leader and educator Browning family, progress of
Bruce, B.K., learned to read,
Bryan, Andrew, preacher in Georgia Buchanan, George, on mental capacity of Negroes Buffalo, colored Methodist and Baptist churches of, lost members
Burke, E.P., found enlightened Negroes in the South mentioned case of a very intelligent Negro Burlington, New Jersey, Quakers of, interested in the uplift of the colored people
Butler, Bishop, urged the instruction of Negroes Buxton, Canada, separate schools established in
Caesar, a Negro poet of North Carolina Calvert, Mr., an Englishman who taught Negroes in the District of Columbia
Camden Insurrection, effect of
Cameron, Paul C., sketch of John Chavis Canaan, New Hampshire, academy broken up Canada, education of Negroes in; names of settlements with schools; difficulties of races; separate schools; mission schools; results obtained; (see Drew’s note on condition of) Capers, Bishop William, opinion on reconstructing the policy of Negro education; plan of, to instruct Negroes; work of, among the colored people; catechism of
Cardozo, F.L., entered school in Charleston Carey, Lott, educated himself
Cass County, Michigan, school facilities in the colored settlement of Castleton Medical School, admitted Negroes Catholics, interested in the education of Negroes Catto, Rev. William T., author and preacher Cephas, Uncle, learned from white children Chandler, solicitor, of Boston, opinion on the segregation of colored pupils
Channing, William, criticized the church for its lack of interest in the uplift of the Negroes
Charleston, colored members of church of; Minor Society of; colored schools of, attended by Bishop Daniel A. Payne; insurrection of; theological seminary of, admitted a Negro Charlton, Reverend, friend of Negroes in New York Chatham, Canada, colored schools of
Chavis, John, educated at Princeton; a teacher of white youths in North Carolina
Chester, T. Morris, student at Pittsburgh Chicago, separate schools of; disestablished Child, M.E., teacher in Canada
Churches, aided education through Sabbath-schools Christians not to be held as slaves
Cincinnati, colored schools of; Negroes of; sought public support for their schools; a teacher of, excluded a colored boy from a public school; law of
City, the influences of, on the education of Negroes; attitude of anti-slavery societies of, toward the education of the Negroes Clapp, Margaret, aided Myrtilla Miner in the District of Columbia; (see note 2)
Clarkson Hall Schools of Philadelphia Clarkson, Matthew, a supporter of the New York African Free Schools Cleveland, C.F., Argument of, in favor of Connecticut law against colored schools
Cleveland, colored schools of
Code Noir, referred to; (see note, 23) Co-education of the races
Coffin, Levi, taught Negroes in North Carolina; promoted the migration of Negroes to free soil; traveled in Canada Coffin, Vestal, assistant of his father in North Carolina Cogswell, James, aided the New York African Free Schools Coker, Daniel, a teacher in Baltimore
Colbura, Zerah, a calculator who tested Thomas Fuller Colchester, Canada, mission school at
Cole, Edward, made settlement of Negroes in Illinois Colgan, Reverend; connected with Neau’s school in New York College of West Africa established
Colleges, Negroes not admitted; manual labor idea of; change in attitude of
Colonization scheme, influence of, on education Colonizationists, interest of, in the education of Negroes Colored mechanics, prejudice against; slight increase in Columbia, Pennsylvania, Quakers of, interested in the uplift of Negroes Columbian Institute established in the District of Columbia Columbus, Ohio, colored schools of
Condition of Negroes, in the eighteenth century; at the close of the reaction
Connecticut, defeated the proposed Manual Labor College at New Haven; spoken of as place for a colored school of the American Colonization Society; allowed separate schools at Hartford; inadequately supported colored schools; struggle against separate schools of; disestablishment of separate schools of Convention of free people of color, effort to establish a college Convent of Oblate Sisters of Providence, educated colored girls in academy of
Cook, John F., teacher in the District of Columbia; forced by the Snow Riot to go to Pennsylvania
Corbin, J.C. student at Chillicothe, Ohio Cornish, Alexander, teacher in the District of Columbia Costin, Louisa Parke, teacher in the District of Columbia Cox, Ann, teacher in New York African Free Schools Coxe, Eliza J., teacher in the New York African Free Schools Coxe, General, of Fluvanna County, Virginia, taught his slaves to read the Bible
Coxe, R.S., a supporter of Hays’s school in the District of Columbia Crandall, Prudence, admitted colored girls to her academy; opposed by whites; law against her enacted; arrested, imprisoned, and tried; abandoned her school
Crane, William, erected a building for the education of Negroes in Baltimore
Crummell, Alexander, sought admission to the academy at Canaan, New Hampshire
Cuffee, Paul, author
D’Alone, contributor to a fund for the education of Negroes Dartmouth, theological school of, admitted Negroes Davies, Reverend, teacher of Negroes in Virginia Davis, Benjamin, taught Negroes in Alexandria, Virginia Davis, Cornelius, teacher of New York African Free Schools Davis, Rev. Daniel, interest of, in the uplift of the people of color Dawn, Canada, colored schools of
Dawson, Joseph, aided colored schools Dean, Rev. Philotas, principal of Avery College De Baptiste, Richard, student in a school at his father’s home in Fredericksburg
De Grasse, Dr. John V., educated for Liberia Delany, M.R., attended school at Pittsburgh Delaware, abolition Society of, provided for the education of the Negroes; law of 1831; law of 1863
Detroit, African Baptist Church of; separate schools of Dialogue on the enlightenment of Negroes about 1800 District of Columbia, separate schools of; churches of, contributed to education of Negroes
Douglass, Mrs., a white teacher of Negroes in Norfolk Douglass, Frederick, learned to read; leader and advocate of education; author; opinion of, on vocational education; extract from paper of Douglass, Sarah, teacher of Philadelphia Dove, Dr., owner of Dr. James Durham
Dow, Dr. Jesse E., co-worker of Charles Middleton of the District of Columbia
Draper, Garrison, studied law after getting education at Dartmouth; an account of
Drew, Benjamin, note of, on Canada; found prejudice in schools of Canada
Duncan, Benedict, taught by his father Durham, James, a colored physician of New Orleans Dwight, Sarah, teacher of colored girls
_Edit du’roi_,
_Education of Colored People_,
Education of colored children at public expense, (see also Chapter XIII,)
Edwards, Mrs. Haig, interest of, in the uplift of slaves, Eliot, Rev. John, appeal in behalf of the conversion of slaves, Ellis, Harrison, educated blacksmith,
Ellsworth, W.W., argument of, against the constitutionality of the Connecticut law prohibiting the establishment of colored schools, Emancipation of slaves, effects of, on education, Emlen Institute established in Ohio,
Emlen, Samuel, philanthropist,
England, ministers of the Church of, maintained a school for colored children at Newport,
English Colonial Church established mission schools in Canada, English High School established at Monrovia, Essay of Bishop Porteus,
Established Church of England directed attention to the uplift of the slaves,
Everly, mentioned resolutions bearing on the instruction of slaves, Evidences of the development of the intellect of Negroes,
Falmouth colored Sunday-school broken up, Fawcett, Benjamin, address to Negroes of Virginia, extract from,
Fee, Rev. John G., criticized church because it neglected the Negroes, founded Berea College,
Fleet, Dr. John, educated for Liberia, teacher in the District of Columbia,
Fleetwood, Bishop, urged that Negroes be instructed, (see note on p.)
Fletcher, Mr. and Mrs., teachers in the District of Columbia, Flint, Rev. James, received letters bearing on the teaching of Negroes, Florida, law of, unfavorable to the enlightenment of Negroes, a more stringent law of,
Foote, John P., praised the colored schools of Cincinnati, Ford, George, a Virginia lady who taught pupils of color in the District of Columbia,
Fort Maiden, Canada, schools of,
Fortie, John, teacher in Baltimore, Fothergill, on colonization,
Fox, George, urged Quakers to instruct the colored people, Franklin College, New Athens, Ohio, admitted colored students, Franklin, Benjamin, aided the teachers of Negroes, Franklin, Nicholas, helped to build first schoolhouse for colored children in the District of Columbia,
Frederic, Francis, taught by his master, Free schools not sought at first by Negroes, Freeman, M.H., teacher; principal of Avery College French, the language of, taught in colored schools; educated Negroes Friends, minutes of the meetings of, bearing on the instruction of Negroes
Fugitive Slave Law, effects of
Fuller, James C, left a large sum for the education of Negroes Fuller, Thomas, noted colored mathematician
Gabriel’s insurrection, effect of
Gaines, John I., led the fight for colored trustees in Cincinnati, Ohio Gallia County, Ohio, school of
Gardner, Newport, teacher in Rhode Island Garnett, H.H., was to be a student at Canaan, New Hampshire; author; president of Avery College
Garrison, Wm. Lloyd, appeal of, in behalf of the education of Negroes; speech of, on education; solicited funds for colored manual labor school
Geneva College, change in attitude of Georgetown, teachers and schools of
Georgia, prohibitive legislation of; objections of the people of, to the education of Negroes; colored mechanics of, opposed; Presbyterians of, taught Negroes; slaveholders of, in Agricultural Convention urged the enlightenment of Negroes Gettysburg Theological Seminary, admitted a Negro Gibson, Bishop, of London, appeal in behalf of the neglected Negroes; letters of
Giles County, Tennessee, colored preacher of, pastor of a white church Gilmore, Rev. H., established a high school in Cincinnati Gist, Samuel, made settlement of Negroes Gloucester, New Jersey, Quakers of, interested in teaching Negroes Gloucester, John, preacher in Philadelphia Goddard, Calvin, argument of, against the constitutionality of the law prohibiting colored schools in Connecticut Goodwyn, Morgan, urged that Negroes be elevated Grant, Nancy, teacher in the District of Columbia Green, Charles Henry, studied in Delaware Greenfield, Eliza, musician
Gregg of Virginia, settled his slaves on free soil Gregoire, H., on the mental capacity of Negroes Grimke brothers, students in Charleston
Haddonfield, New Jersey, Quakers of, instructed Negroes Haiti and Santo Domingo, influence of the revolution of Halgy, Mrs., teacher in the District of Columbia Hall,
a graduate of Harvard University, teacher in the Boston colored school,
Hall, Anna Maria, student in Alexandria, teacher,
Hall, Primus, established a colored school at his home in Boston, Hamilton, Alexander, advocate of the rights of man, Hampton, Fannie, teacher in District of Columbia, Hancock, Richard M., studied at Newberne, Hanover College, Indiana, accepted colored students, Harlan, Robert, learned to read in Kentucky, Harper, Chancellor, views of, on the instruction of Negroes, Harper, Frances E.W., poet,
Harper, John, took his slaves from North Carolina to Ohio and liberated them,
Harry, one of the first two colored teachers in Carolina, Hartford,
separate schools of,
dissatisfaction of the Negroes of, with poor school facilities,
struggle of some citizens of,
against caste in education,
separate schools of, disestablished, Haviland, Laura A., teacher in Canada,
Hays, Alexander, teacher in District of Columbia, Haynes, Lemuel, pastor of a white church, Heathenism, Negroes reduced to,
Henry, Patrick, views of, on the rights of man, Henson, Rev. Josiah, leader and educator, Higher education of Negroes urged by free people of color, change in the attitude of some Negroes toward, promoted in the District of Columbia,
in Pennsylvania,
in Ohio,
Hildreth, connected with Neau’s school in New York, Hill, Margaret, teacher in the District of Columbia, Hillsborough, North Carolina, influence of the insurrection of, Homeopathic College, Cleveland, admitted colored students, Horton, George, poet,
Huddlestone, connected with Neau’s school, Humphreys, Richard, gave $10,000 to educate Negroes, Hunter, John A., attended a mixed school,
Illinois, schools of, for benefits of whites, separate schools of, a failure,
unfavorable legislation of,
separate schools of, disestablished, Indiana, schools in colored settlements of, attitude of, toward the education of the colored people, prohibitive legislation of,
Industrial education recommended,
Industrial revolution, effect of, on education, Inman, Anna, assistant of Myrtilla Miner, Institute for Colored Youth established at Philadelphia, Institute of Easton, Pennsylvania, admitted a Negro, Instruction, change in meaning of the word Inventions of Negroes; (see note 1)
Insurrections, slave, effect of
Iowa, Negroes of, had good school privileges
Jackson, Edmund, demanded the admission of colored pupils to Boston schools
Jackson, Stonewall, teacher in a colored Sunday-school Jackson, William, musician
Jay, John, a friend of the Negroes Jay, William, criticized the Church for its failure to elevate the Negroes;
attacked the policy of the colonizationists Jefferson College, Pennsylvania, admitted Negroes Jefferson, Thomas, views of, on the education of Negroes; (see note); letter of, to Abbe H. Gregoire; letter to M.A. Julien; failed to act as Kosciuszko’s executor; corresponded with Banneker Jesuits, French, instructed slaves
Jesuits, Spanish, teachers of Negroes Johnson, Harriet C., assistant at Avery College Johnson, John Thomas, teacher in the District of Columbia; teacher in Pittsburgh
Jones, Alfred T., learned to read in Kentucky Jones, Anna, aided Myrtilla Miner
Jones, Arabella, teacher in the District of Columbia Jones, Rev. C.C., a white preacher among Negroes of Georgia; Argument of,
for the religious instruction of Negroes; catechism of, for religious instruction; estimate of those able to read Jones, Matilda, supported Myrtilla Miner Journalistic efforts of Negroes; (see note) Judson, A.T., denounced Prudence Crandall’s policy; upheld the law prohibiting the establishment of colored schools in Connecticut
Keith, George, advocated religious training for the Negroes Kemble, Frances Anne, discovered that the Negroes of some masters were taught to read; (see note 4)
Kentucky, Negroes of, learned the rudiments of education; work of the Emancipating Labor Society of; work of the Presbyterians of; public opinion of; colored schools of
Kinkaid, J.B., taught M.W. Taylor of Kentucky Knoxville, people of, favorable to the uplift of the colored race Kosciuszko, T., plan of, to educate Negroes; (see note); will of; fund of
Lafayette, Marquis de, visited New York African Free Schools; said to be interested in a colored school in the West Lancastrian method of instruction, effect of Lane Seminary, students of, taught Negroes Langston, J.M., student at Chillicothe and Oberlin Latin, taught in a colored school
Law, Rev. Josiah, instructed Negroes in Georgia; (see note 1) Lawrence, Nathaniel, supporter of New York colored schools _Lawyer for Liberia_, a document
Lawyers, colored, recognized in the North; (see note 2) Lay, Benjamin, advocate of the instruction of slaves Leary, John S., went to private school
Lee, Thomas, a teacher in the District of Columbia Leile, George, preacher in Georgia and Jamaica Le Jeune, taught a little Negro in Canada Le Petit instructed Negroes
Lewis, R.B., author
Lexington, Kentucky, colored school of; (see note 1, p. 223) Liberia, education of Negroes for; education of Negroes in Liberia College, founded
Liberty County, Georgia, instruction of Negroes in Liverpool, Moses, one of the founders of the first colored school in the District of Columbia
Livingston, W., teacher in Baltimore Locke, John, influence of
Lockhart, Daniel J., instructed by white boys London, Bishop of, formal declarations of, abrogating the law that a Christian could not be held a slave
London, Canada, private school; mission school Longworth, Nicholas, built a school-house for Negroes Louisiana, education of Negroes in; hostile legislation of; Bishop Polk of, on instruction of Negroes
Louisville, Kentucky, colored schools of L’Ouverture, Toussaint, influence of
Lowell, Massachusetts, colored schools of; disestablished Lowry, Rev. Samuel, taught by Rev. Talbot of Franklin College Lowth, Bishop, interested in the uplift of the heathen Lucas, Eliza, teacher of slaves
Lundy, Benjamin, helped Negroes on free soil Lunenburg County, Virginia, colored congregation of
Madison, James, on the education of Negroes; letter of Maine, separate school of
Malone, Rev. J.W., educated in Indiana Malvin, John, organized schools in Ohio cities Mangum, P.H., and W.P., pupils of John Chavis, a colored teacher Manly, Gov. Charles, of North Carolina, taught by John Chavis Mann, Lydia, aided Myrtilla Miner,
Manual Labor College, demand for,
Manumission, effect of the laws of, Martin, Martha, sent to Cincinnati to be educated, sister sent to a southern town to learn a trade, Marechal, Rev. Ambrose, helped to maintain colored schools, Maryland, Abolition Society of, to establish an academy for Negroes, favorable conditions,
public opinion against the education of Negroes, law of, against colored mechanics,
Maryville Theological Seminary, students of, interested in the uplift of Negroes,
Mason, Joseph T. and Thomas H., teachers in the District of Columbia, Massachusetts, schools of,
struggles for democratic education, disestablishment of separate schools,
Mather, Cotton, on the instruction of Negroes, resolutions of,
Matlock, White, interest of, in Negroes, Maule, Ebenezer, helped to found a colored school in Virginia, May, Rev. Samuel, defender of Prudence Crandall, McCoy, Benjamin, teacher in the District of Columbia, McDonogh, John, had educated slaves,
McIntosh County, Georgia, religious instruction of Negroes, McLeod, Dr., criticized the inhumanity of men to Negroes, Meade, Bishop William, interested in the elevation of Negroes, work of, in Virginia,
followed Bacon’s policy,
collected literature on the instruction of Negroes, Means, supported Myrtilla Miner,
Mechanics, opposed colored artisans, Medical School of Harvard University open to colored students, Medical School of the University of New York admitted colored students, Memorial to Legislature of North Carolina, the education of slaves urged,
Methodist preacher in South Carolina, work of, stopped by the people, Methodists, enlightened Negroes,
change in attitude of,
founded Wilberforce,
Michigan, Negroes admitted to schools of, Middleton, Charles, teacher in the District of Columbia, Miles, Mary E.. assistant of Gilmore in Cincinnati, Milton, influence of,
Miner, Myrtilla, teacher in the District of Columbia, founded a school,
Minor Society of Charleston established a school for Negroes, Minority report of Boston School Committee opposed segregation of colored pupils,
Minutes of Methodist Episcopal Conference, resolution on the instruction of Negroes
Minutes of the Meetings of Friends, action taken to elevate the colored people Missionaries,
English, interested in uplift of Negroes French
Spanish
Missouri, prohibitive legislation of Mitchell, John G., student in Indiana
Mitchell, S.T., began his education in Indiana Mobile, provision for the education of the Negroes Montgomery, I.T., educated under the direction of his master Moore, Edward W., teacher, and author of an arithmetic Moore, Helen, helped Myrtilla Miner
Moorland, Dr. J.E., an uncle of, studied medicine Moravian Brethren, instructed colored people Morris, Dr. E. C, instructed by his father Morris, J., taught by his white father
Morris, J.W., student in Charleston Morris, Robert, appointed magistrate
Murray, John, interested in the New York African Free Schools
Nantucket, Massachusetts, colored schools of Neau, Elias, founded a colored school in New York City Negroes,
learning to read and write
free education of
learning in spite of opposition
instructing white persons
reduced to heathenism
Neill, Rev. Hugh, missionary teacher of Negroes in Pennsylvania Nell, Wm., author
New Bedford, Massachusetts,
colored schools of
disestablished
Newbern, North Carolina, effects of insurrection of New Castle, Presbytery of,
established Ashmun Institute
New England,
schools in Anti-Slavery Society of planned to establish a manual labor college sent colored students to Canaan, New Hampshire Newhall, Isabella, excluded a colored boy from school New Hampshire, academy of,
broken up
schools of, apparently free to all New Haven, separate schools of
colored Manual Labor College not wanted interested in the education of persons for Africa and Haiti New Jersey, Quakers of,
endeavored to elevate colored people law of, to teach slaves
Negroes of, in public schools
Presbyterians of, interested in Negroes separate schools
caste in schools abolished
New Orleans, education of the Negroes of Newport, Rhode Island, separate schools New York, Quakers of,
taught Negroes
Presbyterians
of, interested in Negroes,
work of Anti-Slavery Society of,
separate schools of,
schools opened to all,
New York Central College, favorable to Negroes, New York City, African Free Schools,
transfer to Public School Society, transfer to Board of Education,
society of free people of color of, organized a school, Newspapers, colored, gave evidence of intellectual progress, (see note 1,)
North Carolina, Quakers of, instructed Negroes, Presbyterians of, interested in the education of Negroes, Tryon’s instructions against certain teachers, manumission societies of, promoting the education of colored people, reactionary laws of,
memorial sent to Legislature of, for permission to teach slaves, Northwest Territory, education of transplanted Negroes, settlements of, with schools,
Noxon, connected with Neau’s school in New York City, Nutall, an Englishman, taught Negroes in New York,
Oberlin grew out of Lane Seminary,
Objections to the instruction of Negroes considered and answered, Ohio, colored schools of (see Cincinnati, Columbus, Cleveland, and Northwest Territory); struggle for education at public expense, unfavorable legislation,
law of 1849,
Olmsted, P.L., found a plantation of enlightened slaves, O’Neal of South Carolina Bar discussed with Chancellor Harper the question of instructing Negroes,
Oneida Institute contributed to the education of Negroes, Oregon, law of, hostile to Negroes,
Othello, a free Negro, denounced the policy of neglecting the Negroes, Otis, James, on the rights of all men,
Palmer, Dr., catechism of,
Pamphlet, Gowan, a preacher in Virginia, Parry, Alfred H., successful teacher,
Parsons, C.G., observed that some Negroes were enlightened, _Pastoral Letters of Bishop Gibson of London_, Patterson, Edward, learned to read in a Sabbath-school, Payne, Dr. C.H., taught by his mother to read, Payne, Bishop Daniel, student in Charleston, agent to purchase Wilberforce,
Payne, Mrs. Thomas, studied under her master, Pease, W., instructed by his owner,
Penn, William, believed in emancipation to afford Negroes an opportunity for improvement,
Pennington, J. C, writer, teacher, and preacher of influence, Pennsylvania, work of Quakers of,
favorable legislation,
law of,
against colored mechanics,
(see also Quakers, Friends, Presbyterians, and Philadelphia) Perry, R.L., attended school at Nashville Peterboro School of New York established Petersburg, Virginia, colored schools of, colored churches Pettiford, W.A., attended private school in North Carolina
Philadelphia, Negroes of, taught by Quakers, early colored schools, public aid secured for the education of Negroes, names of teachers public and private, statistics of colored schools, (see Quakers, Presbyterians, and Pennsylvania) Phillips, Wendell, argument against the segregation of colored people in Boston
Physicians, colored, (see note 3, 279) Pinchback, P.B.S., studied in the Gilmore High School in Cincinnati
Pinkney, William, views on the mental capacity of Negroes _Pious Negro, True Account of_, a document Pittsburgh, colored schools of
_Plan for the Improvement of the Free Black_, a document Plantation system, the rise of,
effects of, on the enlightenment
of the Negroes
Pleasants, Robert, founder of a colored manual labor school Polk, Bishop, of Louisiana, advocate of the instruction of Negroes
Porteus, Bishop, a portion of his essay on the uplift of Negroes (see also, note 2)
Portland, Maine, colored schools of Potter, Henry, taught Negroesin the District of Columbia Preachers, colored, preached to Negroes (see note 4). preached to white people
Presbyterians, taught Negroes,
struggles of,
Acts of
Synods of, a document
_Presbyterian Witness_, criticized churchmen neglectful of the
Negroes
_Proposition for encouraging the Christian education of Indian and Mulatto children at Lambeth, Virginia_ Protestant Episcopal High School at Cape Palmas, Liberia Prout, John, a teacher in the District of Columbia Providence, Rhode Island, separate schools of Providence Convent of Baltimore, influence of Purcell, Jack, bearing of the confession of Puritans, attitude of, toward the uplift of Negroes
Quakers, educational work among Negroes, promoting education in the Northwest Territory, (see also Friends)
Racial inferiority, the argument of
Randolph, John, slaves of, sent to Ohio Raymond, Daniel, contributed to the education of Negroes Reaction, the effect of
Reason, Chas. L., teacher in Institute for Colored Youth Redmond, Sarah, denied admission to Boston School Redpath, James, observation in the South Refugees from Haiti and Santo Domingo, influence of; bearing of, on insurrection
Refugees Home School established
Religious instruction discussed by Churchmen Remond, C.L., lecturer and orator
Resolute Beneficial Society established a school Revels, U.S. Senator Hiram, student in Quaker Seminary Rhode Island, work of Quakers of; efforts of colored people of; African Benevolent Society of; school laws of; separate schools disestablished
Rice, Rev. David, complained that slaves were not enlightened Rice, Rev. Isaac, mission of, in Canada Richards, Fannie, teacher in Detroit
Riley, Mrs. Isaac, taught by master Riots of cities, effect of
Roberts, Rev. D.R., attended school in Indiana Rochester, Baptist Church of, lost members Roe, Caroline, teacher in New York African Free Schools Rush, Dr. Benjamin, desire to elevate the slaves; objections of masters considered; interview with Dr. James Durham; Rush Medical School admitted colored student Russworm, John B., first colored man to graduate from college Rutland College, Vermont, opened to colored students
Sabbath-schools, a factor in education; separation of the races St. Agnes Academy established in the District of Columbia St. Frances Academy established in Baltimore Salem, Massachusetts, colored school of Salem, New Jersey, work of Quakers of
Sampson, B.K., assistant teacher of Avery College Samson, Rev. Dr., aided Hays, a teacher of Washington Sanderson, Bishop, interest in the uplift of the heathen Sandiford, Ralph, attacked slavery
Sandoval, Alfonso, opposed keeping slaves Sandwich, Canada, separate school of
Sandy Lake Settlement broken up
Saunders of Cabell County, West Virginia, settled his slaves on free soil
Savannah,
colored schools of
churches of
Scarborough, President W.S.,
early education of
Schoepf, Johann, found conditions favorable Seaman, Jacob, interest of, in New York colored schools Searing, Anna H., a supporter of Myrtilla Miner Seaton, W.W., a supporter of Alexander Hays’s School Secker, Bishop,
plan of, for the instruction of Negroes had Negroes educated for Africa
extract from sermon of
Settle, Josiah T., was educated in Ohio Sewell, Chief Justice, on the instruction of Negroes Shadd, Mary Ann, teacher in Canada
Shaffer, Bishop C.T., early education of, in Indiana Sharp, Granville, on the colonization of Negroes Sidney, Thomas, gave money to build school-house Slave in Essex County, Virginia, learned to read Slavery, ancient, contrasted with the modern Small, Robert, student in South Carolina Smedes, Susan Dabney, saw slaves instructed Smith, Gerrit,
contributed money to the education of the Negro founder of the Peterboro School
appeal in behalf of colored mechanics Smith, Melancthon, interest of, in the New York African Free Schools Smothers, Henry, founded a school in Washington Snow riot, results of
Snowden, John Baptist, instructed by white children Society for the Propagation of the Gospel in Foreign Parts, efforts of
South Carolina,
schools of unfavorable conditions prohibitive legislation
governor of, discussed the Vesey insurrection Spain, King of, desired trade in enlightened slaves only Spanish missionaries taught Negroes in America Springfield, colored schools of
Statistics on the intellectual condition of Negroes Stewart, Rev., a missionary in North Carolina Stewart, T. McCants, student in Charleston Stokes, Richard, teacher in the District of Columbia Storrs, C.B.,
advocate of free discussion
influence of
Stowe, H.B.,
assisted Myrtilla Miner
interest of, in industrial education Stratton, Lucy, taught Negroes
Sturgeon, Rev. William, work of, in Philadelphia Sumler, Jas. W., learned to read with difficulty Sylvester, Elisha, efforts of, in Boston
Tabbs, Thomas, teacher in the District of Columbia Talbot County, Maryland, the education of the Negro in Talbot, Mr., tutor in the District of Columbia, Talbot, Reverend, taught Samuel Lowry at Franklin College, Tappan, Arthur, work of, in behalf of Negroes, Tanner, Bishop Benjamin Tucker, attended school in Pennsylvania, Tarborough, North Carolina, effect of the insurrection of, Tatem, Isaac, instructed Negroes,
Taylor, M.W., taught by his mother, Taylor, Dr. Wm., educated for service in Liberia, Taylor, Reverend, interest of, in the enlightenment of Negroes, Templeton, John N., educational efforts of, Tennessee, education of the Negroes of, legislation of,
Terrell, Mary Church, mother of, taught by white gentleman, Terrell, Robert H., father of, learned to read, Thetford Academy opened to Negroes,
Thomas, J.C. teacher of W.S. Scarborough, Thomas, Rev. Samuel, teacher in South Carolina, Thompson, Margaret, efforts of, in the District of Columbia, Thornton, views of, on colonization,
Toop, Clara G., an instructor at Avery College, Toronto, Canada, evening school organized, Torrey, Jesse, on education and emancipation, Trenton, New Jersey, Quakers of, interested, Troumontaine, Julian, teacher in Savannah, “True Bands,” educational work of, in Canada, (see also note 1,)
Trumbull, John, teacher in Philadelphia, Tucker, Ebenezer, principal of Union Literary Institute, Tucker, Judge St. George, discussed slave insurrections, Turner, Bishop Henry M., early education of, Turner, Nathaniel, the education of,
effects of the insurrection of,
Union College admitted a Negro,
Union Literary Institute, Indiana, favorable to the instruction of Negroes,
Vanlomen, Father, aided Maria Becraft, Vashon, George B., principal of Avery College, Vermont, required practically no segregation, Vesey, Denmark, effect of the insurrection of, Vesey, Reverend, interest of, in Neau’s school, Virginia, question of instructing Negroes of, education of Negroes of, given legal sanction, colored schools of,
work of abolitionists of,
interest of Quakers of,
efforts of Presbyterians of,
prohibitive legislation of,
Vocational training emphasized by Frederick Douglass, interest of H.B. Stowe in,
Wagoner, H.O., taught by his parents, Walker, David, appeal of,
Wall, Mary, teacher in the District of Columbia, (see note 1)
Ward, S.R., attainments of,
Warren, John W., studied under white children, Warville, Brissot de, found desirable conditions, Washington, George, attitude of,
will of,
Waterford, Ephraim, taught by his employer, Watkins, Wm., teacher in Baltimore,
Watrum, Francois Philibert, inquiry of, about instructing Negroes, Wattles, Augustus, philanthropist and educator, Wayman, Reverend, advocate of the instruction of Negroes, Wayman, Rev. Dr., interest of, in free schools, Weaver, Amanda, assisted Myrtilla Miner, Wells, Nelson, bequeathed $10,000 to educate Negroes, Wesley, John, opinion of, on the intellect of Negroes, Western Reserve converted to democratic education, Wetmore, Reverend, a worker connected with Neau’s school, Wheatley, Phyllis, education of,
poetry of,
White, j. T., attended school in Indiana, White, Dr. Thomas J., educated for Liberia, White, W.J., educated by his white mother, Whitefield, Rev. George, interest in the uplift of Negroes, plan of, to establish a school,
Whitefield, Rev. James, promoted education in Baltimore, Whitefield, James M., poet,
Wickham, executor of Samuel Gist,
Williams, Bishop, urged the duty of converting the Negroes, Williamson, Henry, taught by his master, Wilmington, Delaware, educational work of abolitionists of, Wilson, Bishop of Sodor and Man, published a pamphlet on the uplift of the Negroes,
contributed money to educate the Negroes of Talbot County, Maryland, Wilson, Rev. Hiram, inspector of schools in Canada, founder of a manual labor school,
Windsor, Canada, school privileges of, Wing, Mr., teacher in Cincinnati,
Winslow, Parson, children of, indulgent to Uncle Cephas, Wisconsin, equal school facilities of,
Woodson, Ann, taught by her young mistress, Woodson, Emma J., instructor at Avery College, Woodson, Louis, teacher in Pittsburgh,
Woolman, John, interest of,
Wormley, James, efforts of, in the District of Columbia, (see note 1)
Wormley, Mary, teacher in the District of Columbia, Wortham, Dr. James L., pupil of John Chavis Wright, Rev. John F., one of the founders of Wilberforce University
Xenia, Ohio, settlement of, Wilberforce University established near
Zane, Jonathan, gave $18,000 for the education of Negroes