observation, our Error in Longitude was only 2 degrees, and it was the same when we had made only 19 degrees. This Error might be owing partly to a Current setting to the Westward, or, what I thought most likely, that we did not make sufficient allowance for the set of the Sea before when we run, and, lastly, the assum’d Longitude of Java head might be wrong. If any Error lays there it Arises from the imperfection of the Charts I made use of in reducing the Longitude from Batavia to the above mentioned Head, for it cannot be doubted but the Longitude of Batavia is well Determined. After we had passed the Longitude of 307 degrees we began to find the Effects of the Westerly Currents, for in 3 days our Error in Longitude was 1 degree 5 minutes; its Velocity kept increasing as we got to the Westward, in so much that for 5 days successively, after we had made the land, we were drove to the South-West or South-West by West by the Currents not less than 20 Leagues a day; and this continued until we were within 60 or 70 Leagues of the Cape, where we found the Current to set sometimes one way and sometimes another, but mostly to the Westward.
After the Boobies above mentioned left us we saw no more birds till we got nearly abreast of Madagascar, where, in the Latitude of 27 3/4 degrees, we saw an Albatross. After that time we saw more of these birds every day, and in greater numbers, together with several other sorts; one sort about as big as a Duck, of a very Dark brown Colour, with a yellowish bill. The number of these birds increased upon us as we approached the Shore. As soon as we got into Soundings we saw Gannets, which we continued to see as long as we were on the Bank, which stretches off Laguillas 40 Leagues, and Extends along shore to the Eastward from Cape False, according to some charts, 160 Leagues; the Extent of this Bank is not well known, however, it is useful in directing Shipping when to haul in to make the land.
[At Anchor. Table Bay.]
Saturday, 16th. Variable light Airs all this day. Moor’d the Ship and Struck Yards and Topmast, and in the morning got all the Sick (28) ashore to Quarters provided for them, and got off fresh meat and Greens for the People on board.
Sunday, 17th. In the A.M. sail’d for England the Admiral Pocock, Captain Riddle, by whom I sent Letters to the Admiralty and Royal Society. About noon came on a hard, dry Gale from the South-East.
Monday, 18th. In the P.M. anchored in the offing an English Ship, which proved to be the Houghton Indiaman from Bengal. In the A.M. it fell moderate, and we began to water the Ship.
Tuesday, 19th. Variable Gentle breezes. All this day employ’d repairing Sails, Rigging, Watering, etc.
Wednesday, 20th. In the P.M. Sail’d the Houghton Indiaman, who saluted us with 11 Guns, which Complement we returned; this Ship, during her stay in India, lost by sickness between 30 and 40 men, and had at this time a good many down with the Scurvey. Other Ships suffer’d in the same proportion. Thus we find that Ships which have been little more than 12 months from England have suffer’d as much or more by Sickness than we have done, who have been out near 3 Times as long. Yet their sufferings will hardly, if att all, be mentioned or known in England; when, on the other hand, those of the Endeavour, because the Voyage is uncommon, will very probable be mentioned in every News Paper, and, what is not unlikely, with many Additional hardships we never Experienced; for such are the disposition of men in general in these Voyages that they are seldom content with the Hardships and Dangers which will naturally occur, but they must add others which hardly ever had existence but in their imaginations by magnifying the most Trifling accidents and circumstances to the greatest Hardships and unsurmountable dangers without the imediate interposition of Providence, as if the whole merit of the Voyage consisted in the Dangers and Hardships they underwent, or that real ones did not hapen often enough to give the mind sufficient anxiety. Thus Posterity are taught to look upon these Voyages as hazardous to the highest degree.
Thursday, 21st. Fine Pleasant Weather. Employ’d getting on board water, overhauling the rigging, and repairing Sails. Sail’d for Batavia a Dutch Ship.
Friday, 22nd, Saturday, 23rd, Sunday, 24th, Monday, 25th, Tuesday, 26th. Mostly Fine pleasant weather. On the 23rd compleated our water, after which I gave as many of the People leave to go on shore to refresh themselves as could be spared at one time.
Wednesday, 27th. Winds variable and clear. Pleasant weather. Sailed for Holland 4 Sail Dutch Ships.
Thursday, 28th, Friday, 29th. Ditto weather. Employ’d fixing new Topmast and Backstays, repairing Sails, etc.
Saturday, 30th. In the P.M. anchor’d here the Duke of Gloucester, English East India Ship from China. In the Evening a prodigious hard gale of wind came on at South-East, which continued till about 3 o’clock in the Morning. During the Gales the Table Mountains and Adjacent Hills were cap’d with Extraordinary while Clouds; the remainder of the Day light Airs and pleasant weather.
Sunday, 31st. Clear pleasant weather all this day. In the Morning we got on board a whole Ox, which we cut up and salted. I had eat ashore some of as good and Fat Beef as ever I eat in my life, and was told that I might have as good to salt; but in this I was very much disappointed. The one I got was thin and Lean, yet well taisted; it weighed 408 pounds.
[April 1771.]
Monday, April 1st. In the P.M. I observed a dark, dence haze like a Fog bank in the South-East Horizon, and which clouds began to gather over the Table Mountain; certain signs of an approaching gale from the same Quarter, which about 4 o’clock began to blow with great voialance, and continued more or less so the Remainder of these 24 Hours, the Table Mountain cap’d with White Clouds all the time. The weather dry and clear.
Tuesday, 2nd. First part fresh Gales at South-East, the remainder little wind and calms. In the P.M. sail’d for England the Duke of Gloucester Indiaman, who Saluted us at his departure. In the A.M. anchored here 2 Dutch Ships from Batavia, and a third at Anchor under Penguin Island in distress. Put on shore some Sick People.
Wednesday, 3rd. Fine, pleasant weather. Some people on shore on Liberty to refresh; the rest Employ’d repairing Sails and overhauling the Rigging.
Thursday, 4th. Ditto Weather. Employ’d Painting the Ship and paying her sides.
Friday, 5th. Var’ble light winds. Sail’d for Holland 3 Dutch Ships. Employ’d as above, and getting on board Provisions, etc.
Saturday, 6th. Gentle breezes, with some rain in the Night.
Sunday, 7th. Gentle breezes, and fine, pleasant weather; a Signal for some Ships being in the offing.
Monday, 8th. Gentle Breezes from the Westward. In the Night Anchor’d here the Europa, an English East Indiaman from Bengal, and in the Morning she saluted us with 11 Guns, which Complement we return’d.
Tuesday, 9th. Little wind at South-West, with Foggy, hazey weather. Employ’d making ready for Sea.
Wednesday, 10th. Gentle breezes at South-South-East and fair weather. Took on board 11 of our people from Sick Quarters.
Thursday, 11th. Ditto weather. Employ’d getting on board various Articles of Provisions from the Shore.
Friday, 12th. Wind at South-West, fair weather. Set up the Topmast rigging, and bent the Sails.
Saturday, 13th. Fresh breezes at South-West, and Cloudy, hazey weather, in the night Anchor’d here a Dutch Ship from Holland; she sail’d about 3 months ago in company with 2 more. The news brought by this Ship is that a War is dayley expected between England and Spain; Signals out for 4 or 5 Sail more being in the Offing, one of which is said to be a ship from England; took leave of the Gouvernour, intending to Sail to-morrow.
Sunday, 14th. Wind Westerly, gentle breezes. In the P.M. got all the Sick on board, many of whom are yet in a very bad state of health; 3 died here, but this loss was made up by the opportunity we had of compleating our full complement. In the morning unmoor’d and got ready for Sailing.
Monday, 15th. None of the Ships in the Offing are yet arrived. Desirous as we must be of hearing news from England, I detemmin’d not to wait the arrival of these Ships, but took the advantage of a breeze of wind from the West-South-West; weigh’d and stood out of the Bay, saluted with 13 Guns, which Complement was return’d both by the Castle and Dutch Commodore. The Europa Saluted us as we passed her, which we return’d. This Ship was to have sail’d with or before us, but not liking the opportunity she lay fast. At 5 in the Evening anchor’d under Penguin or Robin Island in 10 fathoms water, the Island extending from West-North-West to South-South-West, distant 1 1/2 or 2 miles.
In the Morning saw a Ship standing into Table Bay, under English Colours, which we took to be an Indiaman; at Noon Latitude observed 33 degrees 49 minutes South; Cape Town South 20 degrees East, distant 7 miles. As we could not Sail in the Morning for want of wind, I sent a Boat to the Island for a few Trifling Articles we had forgot to take in at the Cape, but the people on shore would not permit her to land, so that she return’d as she went, and I gave myself no further Trouble at it. Mr. Banks, who was in the Boat, was of opinion that it was owing to a mistake made respecting the rank of the Officer commanding the Boat; be this as it may, it seems probable that the Dutch do not admit of Strangers landing upon this Island least they should carry off some of those people which, for certain crimes, they Banish here for Life, as we were told was done by a Danish Ship a few years ago. But they might have a better reason for refusing our Boat to land, for it is not improbable but what there might be some English Seamen upon this Island whom they had sent from the Cape while we lay there, well knowing that if they came in my way I should take them on board; and this, I am told, is frequently done when any of His Majesty’s Ships are in the Bay, for it is well known that the Dutch East India Ships are mostly mann’d by Foreigners.
[Remarks on Cape of Good Hope.]
The Cape of Good Hope hath been so often discribed by Authors, and is so well known to Europeans, that any discription I can give of it may appear unnecessary. However, I cannot help observing that most Authors, particularly the Author of Mr. Byron’s voyage, have heightened the picture to a very great degree above what it will bear; so that a Stranger is at once struck with surprise and disappointment, for no Country we have seen this voyage affords so barren a prospect as this, and not only so in appearance, but in reality.
The land over the Cape which constitutes the Peninsula form’d by Table Bay on the North, and False Bay on the South, consists of high barren Mountains; behind these to the East, or what may be called the Isthmus, is a vast extensive plane, not one thousand part of which either is or can be cultivated. The Soil consists mostly of a light kind of Sea sand, producing hardly anything but heath; every inch of Ground that will bear Cultivation is taken up in Small Plantations, consisting of Vineyards, Orchards, Kitchen Gardens, etc. Hardly any 2 lay together, but are dispers’d from one another at some Distance. If we may judge from circumstances, the Interior Parts of this Country is not more fertile; that is, the fertile land bears a very small proportion to the whole. We were told that they have settlements 28 days’ journey inland, which is computed at 900 English Miles, and thus far they bring Provisions to the Cape by land. It is also said that the Dutch Farmers are so dispers’d about the country that some have no neighbours within 4 or 5 days’ Journeys of them. Admitting these to be facts, and it will at once appear that the Country in General cannot be very fertile, for it would be absurd to suppose that they would raise provisions at such an immence distance, where the trouble and expence of bringing them to Market must increase, in proportion, could it be done nearer. The Dutch assign another reason for being obliged to extend their Scattered Settlements so far in land; which is, they never disturb the Original native, but always leave them in peaceable possession of whatever lands they may have appropriated to their own use, which in some places is pretty Extensive, and that probably none of the worst, by which good Policy the new Settlers very seldom if ever meet with any Disturbance from the Natives; on the contrary, many of them become their Servants, and mix among them, and are useful members to Society.
Notwithstanding the many disadvantages this Country labours under, such is the industry, economy, and good management of the Dutch that not only the necessary, but all the Luxuries, of Life are raised here in as great abundance, and are sold as cheap, if not cheaper, then in any part of Europe, some few Articles excepted. Naval Stores, however, do not want for price any more here than they do at Batavia; these are only sold by the company, who have a certain fix’d exorbitant Price, from which they never deviate.
The inhabitants of the Cape Town are in General well bred and Extreamly Civil and Polite to all Strangers; indeed, it is their Interest so to do, for the whole Town may be considered as one great Inn fitted up for the reception of all Comers and goers. Upon the whole, there is perhaps not a place in the known World that can Equal this in Affording refreshments of all kinds to Shipping. The Bay is Capacious, pretty safe, and Commodious; it lies open to the North-West winds, which winds, we are told, very seldom blow very Strong,* (* In the winter months these winds are very strong, and make the anchorage in Table Bay anything but safe.) but sometimes sends in a Great Sea, for which reason Ships moor North-East and South-West, and in such a manner as to have an Open Hawse with North-West winds. The South-East winds blow frequently with great Violence; but as this is right out of the Bay it is attended with no danger. Near the Town is a wharfe built of wood, run out a proper Distance into the Sea for the Conveniency of landing and Shipping off goods. To this wharfe water is convey’d in pipes and by means of Cocks. Several Boats may fill water at one and the same time. The Company keeps several large Boats or Hoys to carry goods, provisions, water, etc., to and from Shipping, as well Strangers as their own. Fuel is one of the Scarcest articles they have, and is brought a long way out of the Country, and Consists of Roots of Trees, Shrubs, etc. Except a few English Oaks which they have planted, this Country is wholly destitute of wood, except at too great a distance to be brought to the Cape.* (* Since Cook’s day large plantations have been made in the vicinity of Capetown.) In the Article Timber, Boards, etc., they are chiefly supply’d from Batavia.
3 of the winter months, viz., from the middle of May to the middle of August, the Dutch do not allow any of their Ships to lay in Table Bay, but oblige them to go into False Bay, where there is a very safe Harbour,* (* Simon’s Bay, now the naval station, where there is a dockyard.) and every other Conveniency both for their own Shipping and Strangers, and where every produce of the Country can be had as cheap as at the Cape Town. The Dutch, I am told, never Deviate from this custom of sending their ships to False Bay at this Season of the Year, notwithstanding there had not a Gale of wind hapned for many years that would have put them in the least Danger in Table Bay.
Table Bay is defended by a Square Fort, situated on the East side of the Town, close to the Sea beach, together with several other out works and Batterys along the Shore of the Bay on each side of the Town. They are so situated as to be cannonaded by Shipping, and are in a manner defenceless against a superior land force. The Garrison at present consists of 800 regulars, besides Militia of the Country, which comprehend every man able to bear Arms. They can, by means of Signals, alarm the whole Country in a very short time, and then every man is immediately to repair to the Cape Town. The French at Mauritius are supply’d with large Quantitys of Provisions from the Cape, viz., Salted Beef, Biscuit, Flour, and wine. While we lay in the Bay 2 Store Ships belonging to the King, of the Burthen of 50 or 60 Gun Ships, and a Snow, sail’d for that Island Loaded with Provisions, besides a large (King’s) Frigate we left in the Bay taking in her Cargo. The Provisions contracted for this Year by the French were Salt Beef, 500,000 pounds; Flour, 400,000 pounds; Biscuit, 400,000 pounds; and Wine, 1,200 Leagers.
CHAPTER 11. CAPE OF GOOD HOPE TO ENGLAND.
[April 1771.]
TUESDAY, 16th. At 2 o’clock in the P.M. saw a large Ship behind the Island, under French Colours, standing into Table Bay; at 3 weigh’d with a Light breeze at South-East, and put to Sea; at 4 departed this Life Mr. Robert Molineux Master, a young man of good parts, but had unfortunately given himself up to Extravagancy and intemperance, which brought on disorders that put a Period to his Life. At 6 we had the Table Mountain and the Penguin Island in one bearing South-South-East, distant from the latter about 4 or 5 Leagues; had it calm most part of the night. In the morning a light breeze sprung up Southerly, with which we steer’d North-West; at noon we were by Observation in Latitude 33 degrees 30 minutes South. The Table Mountain bore South 54 degrees East, distant 14 Leagues. N.B. The Table Mountain lies directly over the Cape Town, from which last I take my departure; it lies in the Latitude of 33 degrees 56 minutes South, and Longitude 341 degrees 37 minutes West from Greenwich.
Wednesday, 17th. Fresh breezes and fair weather, with a swell from the South-West. Wind Southerly; course North 50 degrees West; distance 118 miles; latitude 32 degrees 14 minutes South, longitude 344 degrees 8 minutes West.
Thursday, 18th. Gentle breezes and clear weather. Swell as before. Wind Ditto; course North-West; distance 85 miles; latitude 31 degrees 14 minutes South, longitude 345 degrees 19 minutes West.
Friday, 19th. Little wind and Sometimes calm. Swell from the Southward. Wind South-East to North-West; course North 50 degrees West; distance 16 miles; latitude 31 degrees 14 minutes South, longitude 345 degrees 33 minutes West.
Saturday, 20th. Gentle breezes and Clear weather. Wind Westerly; latitude 29 degrees 40 minutes South, longitude 346 degrees 10 minutes West.
Sunday, 21st. A moderate trade wind and Pleasant weather. Wind Southerly; course North 54 degrees West; distance 100 miles; latitude 28 degrees 43 minutes South, longitude 347 degrees 42 minutes West.
Monday, 22nd. A Fresh Trade, and Pleasant weather. Exercised the People at Small Arms. Observations for Longitude with the Sun and Moon agree with the Log. Wind South-East; course North 50 degrees West; distance 118 miles; latitude 27 degrees 27 minutes South, longitude 349 degrees 24 minutes West.
Tuesday, 23rd. Gentle breezes, and Clear weather. Found the Variation in the Evening, by the Amplitude, to be 17 degrees 40 minutes West, and by Azimuth in the Morning 18 degrees 37 minutes. Employ’d repairing Boats and Sails. Exercis’d Great Guns and Small Arms. Wind South-East by South to West-South-West; course North 46 degrees West; distance 98 miles; latitude 26 degrees 19 minutes South, longitude 350 degrees 42 minutes West.
Wednesday, 24th. Ditto weather. Found the Variation to be 17 degrees 30 minutes West. Employ’d as yesterday. Wind West, West-North-West; course North 20 degrees West; distance 78 miles; latitude 25 degrees 6 minutes South, longitude 351 degrees 16 minutes West.
Thursday, 25th. First part, moderate and Clear; Middle, Squally, with Rain; Latter, fresh Gales and Cloudy. Employ’d as above. Wind North-West, South-West; course North 20′ West; distance 105 miles; latitude 23 degrees 28 minutes South, longitude 351 degrees 52 minutes West.
Friday, 26th. Fresh Gales, and a large Swell from the Southward. Wind South-South-West, South-East by South; course North 50 degrees West; distance 168 miles; latitude 21 degrees 40 minutes South, longitude 354 degrees 12 minutes West.
Saturday, 27th. Fresh Gales and Cloudy. Employ’d repairing Sails. Wind South-East 1/2 South; course North 55 degrees West; distance 168 miles; latitude 20 degrees 4 minutes South, longitude 356 degrees 40 minutes West.
Sunday, 28th. Ditto weather. Variation per Azimuth 14 degrees West. Wind South-East; course North 56 degrees 30 minutes West; distance 152 miles; latitude 18 degrees 41 minutes South, longitude 358 degrees 54 minutes West.
Monday, 29th. Ditto Gales. Variation 13 degrees 53 minutes West. In the A.M. crossed the line of our first Meridian, viz., that of Greenwich, having now Circumnavigated the Globe in a West direction. Wind South-East; course North 53 degrees West; distance 136 miles; latitude 17 degrees 19 minutes South, longitude 0 degrees 50 minutes West.
Tuesday, 30th. Fresh Gales and Pleasant weather. Exercised the people at Great Guns and Small Arms. Wind South-East; course North 58 degrees West South, distance 126 miles; latitude 16 degrees 11 minutes South, longitude 2 degrees 42 minutes West.
[May 1771. At St. Helena.]
Wednesday, May 1st. Fresh Trade and Pleasant weather. At 6 A.M. saw the Island of St. Helena bearing West, distant 8 or 9 Leagues. At Noon Anchor’d in the Road, before James’s Fort, in 24 fathoms water. Found riding here His Majesty’s Ship Portland and Swallow* (* This was not the same Swallow that preceded Cook in circumnavigation. She had been broken up.) Sloop, and 12 Sail of Indiaman. At our first seeing the Fleet in this Road we took it for granted that it was a War; but in this we were soon agreeably deceived. The Europa Indiaman Anchor’d here a little before us; she sail’d from the Cape 2 days after us, and brings an account the French Ship we saw standing into Table Bay was a French Man of War, of 64 Guns, bound to India, and that there were 2 more on their Passage. Wind South-East. At noon at Anchor in St. Helena Road.
Thursday, 2nd. Clear, Pleasant weather. In the P.M. moor’d with the Kedge Anchor, and in the A.M. received some few Officers’ stores from the Portland. Wind Ditto. At noon at Anchor in St. Helena Road.
Friday, 3rd. Clear, Pleasant weather. Employ’d repairing Sails, overhauling the Rigging, etc. Wind South-East. At noon at Anchor in St. Helena Road.
Saturday, 4th. Little wind and pleasant weather. At 6 A.M. the Portland made the Signal to unmoor, and at Noon to Weigh, at which time the Ships began to get under Sail. Wind Ditto. At noon at Anchor in St. Helena Road.
Sunday, 5th. Gentle breezes and Clear weather. At 1 P.M. weigh’d, and stood out of the Road in company with the Portland and 12 Sail of Indiamen. At 6 o’clock James Fort, St. Helena, bore East 1/2 South, distant 3 Leagues. In the A.M. found the Variation to be 13 degrees 10 minutes West. Wind East by South; course North 50 degrees 30 minutes West; distance 71 miles; latitude 15 degrees 5 minutes South, longitude 6 degrees 46 minutes West.
Monday, 6th. Moderate breezes and Cloudy weather. Sailing in Company with the Fleet. Wind East-South-East; course North 47 1/2 degrees West; distance 122 miles; latitude 13 degrees 42 minutes South, longitude 8 degrees 27 minutes West.
Tuesday, 7th. Ditto Weather. In the A.M. found the Variation to be 12 degrees 5 minutes West. Exercised the people at Great Guns and Small Arms. Wind South-East; course North 46 degrees West; distance 137 miles; latitude 12 degrees 5 minutes South, longitude 10 degrees 9 minutes West.
Wednesday, 8th. A Steady breeze and Pleasant Weather. All the Fleet in Company. Wind South-East; course North 46 degrees 45 minutes West; distance 126 miles; latitude 10 degrees 39 minutes South, longitude 11 degrees 42 minutes West.
Thursday, 9th. Ditto Weather. In the Evening found the Variation to be 11 degrees 42 minutes West. Wind South-East by South; course North-West; distance 118 miles; latitude 9 degrees 16 minutes, longitude 13 degrees 17 minutes West.
Friday, 10th. At 6 in the A.M. saw the Island of Ascention bearing North-North-West, distant 7 Leagues. Made the Signal to speak with the Portland, and soon after Captain Elliott himself came on board, to whom I deliver’d a Letter for the Admiralty, and a Box containing the Ship’s Common Log Books, and some of the Officers’ Journals, etc. I did this because it seem’d probable that the Portland would get home before us, as we sail much heavier than any of the Fleet.* (* The Portland and the India fleet got home three days before the Endeavour.) At Noon the Island of Ascention bore East by South, distant 4 or 5 Leagues. By our Observations it lies in the Latitude of 7 degrees 54 minutes South, and Longitude of 14 degrees 18 minutes West. A North-West by North course by Compass, or North-West a little Westerly by the Globe from St. Helena, will bring you directly to this Island. Wind Ditto; course North-West; distance 120 miles; latitude 7 degrees 51 minutes South, longitude 14 degrees 32 minutes West.
Friday, 11th. A steady Trade wind and pleasant Weather. At 1/2 past 6 p.m. the Island of Ascention bore South-East 3/4 East, distant 11 or 12 Leagues. Sailing in Company with the Fleet. Wind Ditto; course North 42 degrees West, distance 117 miles; latitude 6 degrees 24 minutes South, longitude 15 degrees 51 minutes West.
Saturday, 12th. First and Middle parts a Steady breeze, and fair the Latter; light Squalls, with rain. Wind South-East by South to South-East by East; course North 31 degrees 15 minutes West; distance 123 miles; latitude 4 degrees 38 minutes South, longitude 16 degrees 54 minutes West.
Sunday, 13th. Gentle breezes and Clear Weather; hott and Sultry. Sailing in Company with the fleet. Variation 10 degrees West. Wind South-East by South; course North 32 1/2 degrees West; distance 119 miles; latitude 2 degrees 58 minutes South, longitude 17 degrees 58 minutes West.
Monday, 14th. Ditto Weather. Wind South-East by South; course North 32 1/2 degrees West; distance 109 miles; latitude 1 degree 26 minutes South, longitude 18 degrees 57 minutes West.
Tuesday, 15th. Little wind and hot, Sultry weather. In the P.M. observed, meerly for the sake of Observing, an Eclipse of the Sun. In the A.M. brought another Foretopsail to the Yard, the old one being quite wore out. Wind East-South-East; course North 32 1/2 degrees West; distance 85 miles; latitude 0 degrees 14 minutes South, longitude 19 degrees 43 minutes West.
Wednesday, 16th. Light breezes and fair weather. Variation 9 degrees 30 minutes West. Wind South-East by South; course North 31 degrees West; distance 71 miles; latitude 0 degrees 47 minutes North, longitude 20 degrees 20 minutes West.
Thursday, 17th. Ditto Weather. Sailing in Company with the Fleet. Wind Ditto; course North 31 degrees West; distance 61 miles; latitude 1 degree 39 minutes North, longitude 20 degrees 50 minutes West.
Saturday, 18th. First part ditto weather; remainder Squally, with Thunder and Rain. The observ’d Latitude is 14 Miles to the Northward of the Log. Sailing in Company with the Fleet. Wind South-South-East to East; course North 20 degrees West; distance 86 miles; latitude 3 degrees 0 minutes North, longitude 21 degrees 22 minutes West.
Sunday, 19th. Cloudy, unsettled weather, with some rain. In the A.M. found the Variation by the Amplitude and Azimuth 7 degrees 40 minutes West. Hoisted a Boat out, and sent on board the Houghton for the Surgeon, Mr. Carret, in order to look at Mr. Hicks, who is so far gone in a Consumption that his Life is dispair’d of. Observation at Noon 16 Miles to the Northward of the Log. Wind South-East to South by East; course North 20 degrees West; distance 98 miles; latitude 4 degrees 32 minutes North, longitude 21 degrees 58 minutes West.
[With India Fleet. Homeward Bound.]
Monday, 20th. Dark, cloudy, unsettled weather, with rain. At Noon the Observ’d Latitude was 27 Miles to the Northward of the Log. Sailing in Company with the Fleet. Wind Variable between the South and East; course North 19 degrees West; distance 70 miles; latitude 5 degrees 38 minutes North, longitude 22 degrees 21 minutes West.
Tuesday, 21st. Little wind, with some heavy showers of rain. At 2 p.m. had some Observations of the Sun and Moon, which gave the Longitude 24 degrees 50 minutes West, 2 degrees 28 minutes West of Account. In the morning it was Calm, and the Ships, being near one another, several of them had their Boats out to tow. We Observed the Portland to carry out a long Warp. I, being desirous to see the Machine they made use of, we hoisted out a Boat, and Mr. Banks, Dr. Solander, and myself went on board her, where we was show’d it. it was made of Canvas, in every respect like an Umbrello; its Circumference, if extended to a Circle, was 24 feet, tho’ this was a Small one of the Sort; yet Captain Elliot told me that it would hold as much as 150 Men could haul. I was so well satisfied of the Utility of this Machine that I would not have delayed a moment in having one Made had not our Forge been render’d Useless by the loss of some of its parts. Winds Variable; course North 31 degrees West; distance 35 miles; latitude 6 degrees 8 minutes North, longitude 25 degrees 8 minutes West.
Wednesday, 22nd. Variable, unsettled weather, with rain. About 9 o’clock in the A.M. the Portland shorten’d Sail for the Sternmost Ships to come up. As we imagin’d, this gave us an Opportunity to get a Head of the Fleet, after which we made such sail as was necessary to keep in Company. Wind Variable; course North-North-West 3/4 West; distance 58 miles; latitude 6 degrees 58 minutes North, longitude 25 degrees 38 minutes West.
Thursday, 23rd. Little wind from the Eastward, with frequent showers of Rain, and hazey weather. The Fleet astern of us all this day. At Noon we Shortned Sail for them to come up, the headmost being about 2 Leagues off. Wind East to North-East; course North 25 degrees West; distance 56 miles; latitude 7 degrees 49 minutes North, longitude 26 degrees 2 minutes West.
Friday, 24th. First part Moderate breezes, and hazey, with rain; the latter, fresh breezes and fair. At 3 p.m., finding the Fleet to come fast up with us, we made all the Sail we could. Soon after it became hazey, and we lost sight of them until near 6, when it clear’d up a little, and we saw 3 Sail abreast of us, bearing East about 2 or 3 Miles’ Distance; by this we saw that they not only kept a better wind, but out sail’d us upon a wind. It became again hazey, and we lost Sight of them, and notwithstanding we keept close upon a wind all night, with as much Sail out as we could bear, there was not one Sail in sight in the Morning. Wind North-East and North-North-East; course North 54 degrees West; distance 92 miles; latitude 8 degrees 42 minutes North, 27 degrees 18 minutes West.
Saturday, 25th. Moderate Trade Wind and Cloudy weather. Wind North-North-East; course North 50 degrees 15 minutes West; distance 92 miles; latitude 9 degrees 41 minutes North, longitude 28 degrees 30 minutes West.
Sunday, 26th. A Steady Trade and Cloudy Weather. About 1 o’Clock P.M. departed this Life Lieutenant Hicks, and in the Evening his body was committed to the Sea with the usual ceremonys. He died of a Consumption which he was not free from when we sail’d from England, so that it may be truly said that he hath been dying ever since, tho’ he held out tolerable well until we got to Batavia. Wind North-East by North; course North 46 degrees West; distance 92 miles; latitude 20 degrees 47 minutes North, longitude 29 degrees 35 minutes West.
Monday, 27th. A Steady, fresh Trade and Cloudy weather. This day I gave Mr. Charles Clerk an order to act as Lieutenant in the room of Mr. Hicks, deceased, he being a Young Man extremely well qualified for that Station. Wind North-East; course North 39 degrees West; distance 103 miles; latitude 12 degrees 7 minutes North, longitude 30 degrees 40 minutes West.
Tuesday, 28th. A steady Trade and fair weather. Wind North Easterly; course North 40 degrees West; distance 108 miles; latitude 13 degrees 30 minutes North, longitude 31 degrees 51 minutes West.
Wednesday, 29th. Fresh Gales and Hazey. Wind Ditto; course North 31 1/2 degrees West; distance 128 miles; latitude 15 degrees 19 minutes North, longitude 33 degrees 2 minutes West.
Thursday, 30th. Ditto Gales and Cloudy. Fix’d a new maintopmast Backstay, the old one having broke several times. Wind Ditto; course North 31 degrees 15 minutes West; distance 124 miles; latitude 17 degrees 5 minutes North, longitude 34 degrees 9 minutes West.
Friday, 31st. Strong Gales and Cloudy in the Evening. Got down Top Gallant Yards, and in the Morning found the Variation 5 degrees 9 minutes West. Wind North-East and North-East by East; course North 39 1/2 degrees West; distance 136 miles; latitude 18 degrees 50 minutes North, longitude 35 degrees 40 minutes West.
[June 1771.]
Saturday, June 1st. Fresh Trade, and Cloudy weather. In the A.M. got up Top Gallant Yards. Wind North-East; course North 35 degrees West; distance 100 miles; latitude 20 degrees 12 minutes North, longitude 36 degrees 41 minutes West.
Sunday, 2nd. Moderate Gales and Clear weather. Variation 5 degrees 4 minutes West. Wind North-East to North-North-East; course North 49 degrees West; distance 104 miles; latitude 21 degrees 20 minutes North, longitude 38 degrees 5 minutes West.
Monday, 3rd. A Gentle Trade Wind, and Pleasant weather. Wind North-East; course North 44 degrees West; distance 85 miles; latitude 22 degrees 21 minutes North, longitude 39 degrees 9 minutes West.
Tuesday, 4th. Ditto weather. In the A.M. found the Variation to be 4 degrees 30 minutes West. Wind North-East; course North 34 degrees West; distance 91 miles; latitude 23 degrees 40 North, longitude 40 degrees 4 minutes West.
Wednesday, 5th. Gentle breezes, with some Showers of Small Rain. Wind Ditto; course North 52 degrees West; distance 83 miles; latitude 24 degrees 31 minutes North, longitude 41 degrees 11 minutes West.
Thursday, 6th. Ditto weather. In the A.M. found the Variation by the mean of the Amplitude and Azimuth to be 5 degrees 34 minutes West, and by Observation of the Sun and Moon found the Ship in Longitude 43 degrees 18 minutes West of Greenwich, 2 degrees 51 minutes West of the Log since the last Observations; this I judge to be owing to a Westerly Current. Wind East-North-East to East; course North 3/4 West; distance 90 miles; latitude 26 degrees 1 minute North, longitude, per Observation Sun and Moon, 43 degrees 18 minutes West.
Friday, 7th. Moderate breezes, and Cloudy. A.M., Variation per mean of 20 Azimuths 5 degrees 20 minutes West. Wind East-North-East; course North 15 degrees West; distance 84 miles; latitude 27 degrees 22 minutes North, longitude 43 degrees 42 minutes West.
Saturday, 8th. Moderate breezes and Pleasant weather. In the A.M. found the Variation to be 5 degrees 24 minutes West. By the Observation of the Sun and Moon the Longitude of the Ship at Noon was 43 degrees 42 minutes West. Wind Easterly; course North; distance 88 miles; latitude 28 degrees 50 minutes North, longitude 43 degrees 42 minutes West.
Sunday, 9th. Clear, pleasant weather and a Smooth Sea. In the A.M. found the Variation to be 7 degrees 33 minutes West. Some Tropick birds flying about the Ship; we have seen of these birds every day since we passed the Tropick. Wind Ditto; course North by West 1/2 West; distance 81 miles; latitude 30 degrees 11 minutes North, longitude 44 degrees 9 minutes West.
Monday, 10th. Little wind and Clear weather. Exercised the people at Small Arms. Wind Ditto; course North 30 degrees West; distance 71 miles; latitude 31 degrees 12 minutes North, longitude 44 degrees 50 minutes West.
Tuesday, 11th. Ditto weather. A Smooth Sea. Wind North-East by East; course North 18 minutes West; distance 67 miles; latitude 32 degrees 16 North, longitude 45 degrees 14 minutes West.
Wednesday, 12th. Light breezes and clear weather. Variation by the Amplitude in the Evening 7 degrees 0 minutes West, and by Azimuth in the Morning 6 degrees 55 minutes West. Exercised Great Guns and Small Arms. Wind East by South; course North-North-East; distance 48 miles; latitude 33 degrees 8 minutes North, longitude 44 degrees 53 minutes West.
Thursday, 13th. Little wind and pleasant weather. Found the Variation by the Amplitude in the Evening to be 8 degrees 23 minutes; in the Morning 8 degrees 15 minutes, and by Azimuth soon after 8 degrees 14 minutes West. Wind Ditto; Course North by East 1/2 East; distance 77 miles; latitude 34 degrees 14 minutes North, longitude 44 degrees 25 minutes West.
Friday, 14th. A Gentle Gale, and pleasant weather. In the A.M. saw 2 Turtle laying a Sleep upon the water. Wind East-South-East; course North 18 degrees East; distance 99 miles; latitude 35 degrees 48 minutes North, longitude 43 degrees 48 minutes West.
Saturday, 15th. Ditto Weather at Daylight. In the Morning saw a Sloop to Windward standing to the Eastward, which we run out of sight by Noon. Wind South-East; course North-East 1/2 East; distance 119 miles; latitude 37 degrees 2 minutes North, longitude 41 degrees 54 minutes West.
Sunday, 16th. A Steady breeze and pleasant weather, with some rain in the Night. At daylight in the Morning saw a Sail a head, which we came up and spoke with a little after 10 o’clock. She proved a Portoguee Ship from Rio de Janeiro, bound to Lisbon. Wind Ditto; course North-East 1/2 East; distance 119 miles; latitude 38 degrees 18 minutes North, longitude 40 degrees 38 minutes West.
Monday, 17th. Steady, Gentle Gales and pleasant weather. Variation in the Evening 9 degrees West. Wind South-South-East; course North 68 degrees East; distance 104 miles; latitude 38 degrees 57 minutes North, longitude 38 degrees 36 minutes West.
Tuesday, 18th. Little wind, and clear weather. At 2 p.m. found the Ship to be by Observation 1 degree 22 minutes to the Westward of Account carried on from the last Observation; in the Evening the Variation was 14 degrees 15 minutes West, and in the Morning 14 degrees 24 minutes. Wind South; course North 66 degrees East; distance 82 miles; latitude 39 degrees 52 minutes North, longitude 36 degrees 59 minutes West.
Wednesday, 19th. Fresh Gales and Cloudy. At 2 p.m. found by observation the same Error in our Longitude as Yesterday, which I have now corrected. The Longitude of this day is that resulting from Observation. At 10 A.M. saw a Sail a head, which we soon came up with, and sent a Boat on board. She was a Schooner from Rhoad Island out upon the Whale fishery. From her we learnt that all was peace in Europe, and that the America Disputes were made up; to confirm this the Master said that the Coat on his back was made in old England. Soon after leaving this Vessel we spoke another from Boston, and saw a third, all out on the same account. Wind South to South-West; course North 73 degrees East; distance 127 miles; latitude 40 degrees 9 minutes North, longitude 36 degrees 44 minutes West.
Thursday, 20th. Fresh Gales and Cloudy, with some Showers of rain. At day light in the Morning saw a Sail ahead standing to the East. A Swell from the North-North-West. Wind South-West, North-West, North; course North 80 1/2 degrees East; distance 121 miles; latitude 40 degrees 29 minutes North, longitude 33 degrees 10 minutes West.
Friday, 21st. Fresh Gales and Cloudy. In the P.M. saw a Sail astern standing to the South-East, and at 11 o’Clock A.M. saw from the Mast head 13 Sail of Stout Ships, which we took to be the East India Fleet. Wind Northerly; course East by North; distance 128 miles; latitude 40 degrees 33 minutes North, longitude 30 degrees 20 minutes West.
Saturday, 22nd. Fresh Gales, with Squalls, attended with rain. In the Evening had 14 Sail in sight, 13 upon our lee Quarter, and a Snow upon our lee Bow. In the Night split both Topgallant Sails so much that they were obliged to be unbent to repair. In the Morning the Carpenter reported the Maintopmast to be Sprung in the Cap, which we supposed hapned in the P.M., when both the Weather Backstays broke. Our Rigging and Sails are now so bad that something or another is giving way every day. At Noon had 13 Sail in sight, which we are well assured are the India Fleet, and are all now upon our Weather Quarter. Wind North to North-East; course North 81 degrees East; distance 114 miles; latitude 41 degrees 11 minutes, longitude 27 degrees 52 minutes West.
Sunday, 23rd. Fresh Gales and Squally, attended with Showers of rain. In the Evening all the Fleet were to Windward of us, and in the Morning not one was to be seen. Wind North-East by North to East-North-East; course South 69 1/2 degrees East; distance 80 miles; latitude 40 degrees 43 minutes North, longitude 26 degrees 13 minutes West.
Monday, 24th. First part, moderate breezes; remainder, Squally. At Noon Tack’d. Wind North-East to East-South-East; course South 82 degrees East; distance 64 miles; latitude 40 degrees 34 minutes North, longitude 24 degrees 49 minutes West.
Tuesday, 25th. First part and remainder a fresh breeze and Cloudy. Wind North-East to North-North-East; course South 85 degrees East; distance 58 miles; latitude 40 degrees 39 minutes North, longitude 23 degrees 33 minutes West.
Wednesday, 26th. First part, breezes; remainder, little wind. Wind North by East; course North 86 degrees 45 minutes East; distance 72 miles; latitude 40 degrees 43 minutes North, longitude 21 degrees 58 minutes West.
Thursday, 27th. Moderate breezes and Cloudy weather. Wind Westerly; course North 54 minutes East; distance 54 miles; latitude 41 degrees 14 minutes North, longitude 20 degrees 59 minutes West.
Friday, 28th. Fresh breezes, with Showers of Rain. Wind West to North-North-West; course North 38 degrees East; distance 123 miles; latitude 42 degrees 55 minutes North, longitude 19 degrees 18 minutes West.
Saturday, 29th. First part, little wind; remainder, Fresh Gales and Squally, with Showers of Rain. Wind South-West to West and North-East; course North 59 degrees 15 minutes East; distance 86 miles; latitude 43 degrees 39 minutes North, longitude 17 degrees 36 minutes West.
Sunday, 30th. Gentle breezes and fair weather. Variation in the Evening 18 degrees 30 minutes West, and in the Morning 19 degrees 30 minutes. Wind Northerly; course North 50 degrees 45 minutes East; distance 87 miles; latitude 44 degrees 34 minutes North, longitude 16 degrees 2 minutes West.
[July 1771.]
Monday, July 1st. Ditto weather. In the Night passed 2 Sail Standing to the South-West. Wind Ditto; course North 77 degrees 15 minutes East; distance 90 miles; latitude 44 degrees 54 minutes North, longitude 13 degrees 59 minutes West.
Tuesday, 2nd. Little wind and Cloudy, hazey weather. One Sail in Sight to the North-East. Wind Ditto; course East; distance 42 miles; latitude 45 degrees 54 minutes North, longitude 13 degrees 2 minutes West.
Wednesday, 3rd. Little wind and pleasant weather. At 9 A.M. found the Ship by Observation of the Sun and Moon 1 degree 14 minutes East of Account. Six Sail in Sight. Wind North and North-West; course North 56 degrees East; distance 54 miles; latitude 45 degrees 24 minutes North, longitude 11 degrees 59 minutes West per Log, 10 degrees 45 minutes per Observation.
Thursday, 4th. Gentle breezes and Cloudy weather. Variation per Azimuth and Amplitude in the Evening 21 degrees 25 1/2 West, and in the Morning 20 degrees 10 minutes West. Wind West, North, and North-East; course South 85 degrees East; distance 55 miles; latitude 45 degrees 29 minutes North, longitude 10 degrees 44 minutes West per Log, 9 degrees 27 minutes per Observation.
Friday, 5th. Little wind and Cloudy. At 1 P.M. spoke a Dutch Galliot bound to Riga. At 5 Tack’t, and stood to the Westward till 8 a.m., then to the Eastward. Wind North-East; course North 50 degrees East; distance 8 miles; latitude 45 degrees 34 minutes North, longitude 10 degrees 32 minutes West per Log, 9 degrees 18 minutes per Observation.
Saturday, 6th. Gentle breezes and Cloudy. At 1 p.m. sent a Boat on board a Brig belonging to Boston, last from Gibraltar, and bound to Falmouth. Wind North-North-East; course North 72 degrees 30 minutes East; distance 37 miles; latitude 44 degrees 45 minutes North, longitude 9 degrees 42 minutes West per Log, 8 degrees 28 minutes per Observation.
Sunday, 7th. Gentle breezes and Clear weather. In the Evening found the Variation by the Amplitude to be 22 degrees 30 minutes West. At 9 A.M. Spoke a Brig from Liverpool bound to Porto, and some time after another from London, bound to the Granades. She had been 3 days from Scilly, and reckoned herself in the Longitude of about 10 minutes West, which was about 40 minutes to the Westward of what we found ourselves to-day by Observation. We learnt from this Vessel that no account had been received in England from us, and that Wagers were held that we were lost. It seems highly improbable that the Letters sent by the Dutch Ships from Batavia should not come to hand, as it is now 5 months since these Ships sail’d from the Cape of Good Hope. Wind North-North-East and North-West; course North 50 degrees East; distance 49 miles; latitude 46 degrees 16 minutes North, longitude 9 degrees 39 minutes West per Account, 9 degrees 29 minutes per Observation.
Monday, 8th. Little wind and hazey weather. Swell from the Northward. Wind North-North-West to South-West; course North 46 degrees 45 minutes East; distance 43 miles; latitude 46 degrees 45 minutes North, longitude 8 degrees 54 minutes West.
Tuesday, 9th. Fore and middle parts a Gentle breeze, and thick, Foggy weather; remainder, a fresh Breeze and Cloudy. A swell from the North-North-West all day. Wind South Westerly; course North 21 degrees East; distance 100 miles; latitude 48 degrees 19 minutes North, longitude 8 degrees 1 minute West per Account, 8 degrees 7 minutes per Observation.
Wednesday, 10th. Pleasant breezes and Clear weather. At 6 o’Clock in the Morning sounded, and Struck ground in 60 fathoms Shells and Stones, by which I judged we were the length of Scilly Isles. At Noon we saw land from the Mast Head, bearing North, which we judged to be about the Land’s End. Soundings 54 fathoms, Coarse, Grey Sand. Wind Westerly; course North 44 degrees East; distance 97 miles; latitude 49 degrees 29 minutes North, longitude 6 degrees 18 minutes West.
Friday, 11th. Steady fresh breezes and clear weather. At 2 in the P.M. saw the Lizardland, and at 6 o’clock the lighthouse bore North-West, distant 5 Leagues, we being at this time, by my reckoning, in the Longitude of 5 degrees 30 minutes West; soon after 2 Ships under their Topsails between us and the land, which we took for Men of War. At 7 o’clock in the morning the Start Point bore North-West by North, distant 3 Leagues, and at Noon we reckon’d ourselves about 5 Leagues short of Portland. This Forenoon a small cutter built vessel came under our Stern, and inquir’d after the India Fleet, which, they said, they were cruizing for and had not seen.
Friday, 12th. Winds at South-West, a fresh Gale, with which we run briskly up Channel. At 1/2 past 3 p.m. passed the Bill of Portland, and at 7 Peverell Point; at 6 a.m. passed Beachy head at the distance of 4 or 5 miles; at 10 Dungeness, at the distance of 2 miles, and at Noon we were abreast of Dover.
Saturday, 13th. At 3 o’clock in the P.M. anchor’d in the Downs, and soon after I landed in order to repair to London.
(Signed) JAMs COOK.
POSTCRIPT.
I HAVE made mention in Book 1st,* (* The Journal was written in thin books, afterwards bound together in England. The page given here is of this published copy.) page 76, of 2 Spanish Ships touching at Georges Island some months before our Arrival there. Upon our arrival at Batavia we were inform’d that 2 French Ships, commanded by the Sieur de Bougainville, had put in there about 2 years before us in their way home from the South Seas. We were told many Circumstances relating to the 2 Ships, all tending to prove beyond a doubt that they were the same 2 as were at George’s Island as above mentioned, which we then conjectur’d to be Spaniards, being lead into that mistake by the Spanish Iron, etc., we saw among the Natives, and by Toobouratomita pitching upon the Colours of that Nation for those they wore, in which he might very easily be mistaken; but as to the Iron, etc., there might be no mistake, for we were told that either one or both of these Ships had put into the River de la Plata, where they disposed of all their European goods brought for that purpose, and purchased others to Trade with the Islanders in the South Sea; and I think we were told that they also touched upon the Spanish Main in the South Sea. As a proof of their having been trading with the Spaniards, Bougainville’s Ship had on board a great Quantity of Spanish Dollars at the time she arrived at and left Batavia, some days after our arrival at the Cape of Good Hope. I was told by some French Officers, lately come from the Island Mauritius, that Orette, the Native of George’s Island which Bougainville brought away with him, was now at the Maritius, and that they were going to fit out a Ship to carry him to his Native country, where they intend to make a Settlement; 100 Troops for that purpose were to go out in the same Ship. This account is confirmed by a French Gentleman we have on board, who has very lately been at the Maritius.* (* This intention was never carried out.) As I have no reason to doubt the truth of this account, it leads me to consider the rout that this Ship must take, which I think can be no other than that of Tasmans as far as the Coast of New Zeland; and if she fall in with that Coast to the Southward of Cape Farewell will very probably put into Admiralty Bay, or Queen Charlotte’s sound, as Tasman’s track will in some measure point out to her one or the other of these places. I think it is not likely she will venture through the Strait, even suppose she discovers it, but will follow Tasman’s Track to the North Cape, where no doubt she will leave him, and follow the direction of the Coast to the South-East, as it will not be out of her way; by which means she will fall in with the most fertile part of that Country, and as they cannot know anything of the Endeavour’s voyage, they will not hesitate a moment to declare themselves the first discoverers. Indeed, I cannot see how they can think otherwise, unless the Natives inform them to the contrary, which they may not choose to understand. The French Officers before spoke of would not allow that George’s Island was first discover’d by the Dolphin, though no doubt Bougainville did; but it was not for the Interest of his Country, nor perhaps his own, to own it. Thus this Island, though of little value, may prove a Bone of Contention between the 2 Nations, especially if the French make a Settlement upon it, and the Dolphin’s voyage, and this of ours, published by Authority to fix the prior right of discovery beyond disputes.
Now I am upon the Subject of discoveries, I hope it will not be taken amiss if I give it as my opinion that the most feasable method of making further discoveries in the South Sea is to enter it by the way of New Zeland, first touching and refreshing at the Cape of Good Hope; from thence proceed to the Southward of New Holland for Queen Charlotte’s Sound, where again refresh Wood and water, taking care to be ready to leave that place by the latter end of September, or beginning of October at farthest, when you would have the whole Summer before you, and after getting through the Strait, might, with the prevailing Westerly Winds, run to the Eastward in as high a Latitude as you please, and if you meet with no lands would have time enough to get round Cape Horne before the Summer was too far spent; but if after meeting with no Continent, and you had other objects in view, then haul to the Northward, and after visiting some of the Islands already discovered, after which proceed with the trade wind back to the Westward in search of those before mentioned–thus the discoveries in the South Sea would be compleat.* (* This programme Cook carried out in his second voyage in the most complete manner possible.)
INDEX.
Admiralty, Letters to, 357, 379.
Agulhas:
Cape, 375.
Current, 373.
Albatrosses, 46, 47, 128.
Anchors, Loss of, 276, 327.
Anchor-stocks eaten by worms, 86.
Arru Islands, 336.
Ascension Island, 387.
AUSTRALIA, EAST COAST OF:
Animals, 318.
Appearance of, 252, 265, 267, 272, 294, 317. Bedford, Cape, 292.
Birds, 318.
Booby Island, 314.
Botany Bay, 242 to 248.
Bustard Bay, 258, 260.
Canoes, 243, 321.
Capricorn, Cape, 260.
Cleveland Bay, 270.
Cook’s Passage, 301.
Cornwall, Cape, 313.
Damage to ship, 280, 281, 284.
Danger Point, 253.
Danger, Ships in, 253, 254, 262, 263, 267, 274, 278, 279, 303, 328. Dangerous navigation through the reefs, 306 to 310. Description of, 317.
Dromedary, Mount and Point, 239.
Endeavour Reef, 274, 276.
Endeavour River, 279.
Sail from, 292.
Description of, 293.
Endeavour Strait, 313.
Description of, 314.
Exploration, Remarks on, 305.
First attempts at landing, 242.
Fish, 318.
Flattery, Cape, 297.
Fruits, 318.
Glass houses, 254.
Gloucester, Cape, 269.
Grafton, Cape, 273.
Grenville, Cape, 307.
Hicks Point, 237.
Hillsborough, Cape, 267.
Historical notes, 325.
Hope Islands, 277.
Houses, 321.
Howe, Cape, 238.
Jackson Port, 249.
Jervis Bay, 241.
Kangaroo, 280, 281, 287, 291, 294.
Language, 322.
Lizard island, 298.
Lookout Point, 298.
Magnetic Island, 271.
Moreton Bay, 254.
Natives, 239, 242, 244, 245, 248, 272, 286, 287, 288, 289, 290, 311, 312, 319, 320, 323.
New South Wales, name bestowed, 312. Palmerston, Cape, 267.
Pigeon House, 239.
Possession Island, 311.
Providential Channel, 304.
Rays (fish), 247, 291, 295.
Rockingham Bay, 272.
Sandy Cape, 256.
Ship aground, 274 to 276, 279.
Ship beached for repair, 280.
Sighted, 237.
Smoky Cape, 251.
Stephens Port, 250.
Thirsty Sound, 264.
Tides, Observations on, 267, 268, 312, 324. Timber, 318.
Torres Straits, Doubts of existence of, 301, 302, 306, 314, 335. Townshend, Cape, 263.
Tribulation, Cape, 274.
Upstart, Cape, 270.
Weapons, 320.
Weymouth, Cape, 306.
Whitsunday Passage, 269.
York, Cape, 310.
Banks, Mr., 2, 19, 38, 61, 63, 65, 72, 75, 76, 79, 81, 82, 87, 88, 111, 114, 115, 128, 130, 140, 165, 167, 184, 186, 200, 217, 225, 242, 245, 247, 259, 285, 288, 298, 311, 329, 332, 362, 377, 382.
Batavia, 353 to 364:
Description of, 363.
Sickly climate of, 359, 362, 364, 372.
Boats, Preservation of, 74.
Bolabola:
Description of, 117.
Passed, 113.
Boobies, 257, 314, 336, 378.
Boot-topping, 19.
Bougainville, 314:
His visit to Tahiti, 72, 76, 101, 314, 395.
Bow island, 56.
Buchan, Mr., Artist, Death of, 64.
Canoes:
Australian, 243, 321.
New Zealand, 221, 222.
Society Islands, 118.
Tahiti, 97.
Voyages in, 119, 121.
Cape Colony, Remarks on, 382.
Cape Pigeons. See Pintado Birds.
Capetown, 376, 383.
Celery, Wild, 141, 154, 166, 190.
Chain Island, 58.
Chart-making, Remarks on, 337.
Clerke, Master’s Mate, 76, 390.
Cockles (Tridacna), 284, 295, 306.
Cook, Captain:
Character, xlv.
Death of, xliii.
Early life, xiii.
Survey of Newfoundland, xv.
First voyage, xxi.
Second, xxix.
Third, xxxvii.
Cook, Mrs., xv., xliv.
Damage to ship, 280, 281, 284, 353, 359.
Danger, Ship in, 169, 192, 204, 253, 254, 262, 263, 267, 274, 278, 279, 303, 308, 328, 330.
Dipping Needle, 13, 44.
Dolphin, H.M.S., Voyages of, xvii.
Downs, Return to, 394.
Dutch:
regulations for ships, 351.
Home Fleet, 357.
Dispute with, 362.
Dysentery:
Deaths from, 368, 369, 370, 371, 372. Remarks on, 377.
Egg-birds, 53.
Fleet, Indian, 386.
Flogging, 20, 22, 64, 76, 77, 79, 107, 108, 155, 166, 167, 371.
Fothering the ship, 276, 277.
Fuegian natives, 37.
Funchal, 6.
Good Hope, Cape of, 375.
Gore, Lieutenant, 76, 120, 198, 245, 282, 285, 341.
Green, the Astronomer, 31, 35, 68, 76, 131, 150, 305, 316, 354, 368.
Hicks, Lieutenant, 20, 69, 76, 85, 145, 160, 240, 244, 304, 349, 350, 354, 356, 388, 389.
Horn, Cape, 41:
Longitude of, 45.
Passage round, 48.
Huaheine:
visited, 109.
Description of, 110.
Islands, List of, 229.
Journal, Copy of, sent home, 356, 357.
Kangaroos, 280, 281, 287, 291, 294, 318.
King George’s Island. See Tahiti.
Krakatoa (Cracatoa), 349.
Lagoon Island, 55.
Language of New Zealand and Tahiti identical, 131, 225.
Le Maire Strait, 34 to 39:
Description of, 42.
Directions for, 42.
Lightning conductors, 354.
Line, Crossing the, 13.
Local attraction, 264.
Lunars, Cook’s remarks on, 316.
Lunars, xxii.
Magra, Midshipman, 258, 278.
Molineux, Mr., Master, 67, 107, 285, 287, 290, 298, 300, 385.
Monkhouse, Midshipman, 277, 369.
Monkhouse, Surgeon, 59, 64, 109, 359.
Mories or Temples, 83, 104, 118.
Natal, Coast of, 373.
Natives:
See Tahiti.
See East Coast of Australia.
See New Zealand.
New Guinea:
Coast of, 330, 334.
Land in, 333.
Weapons, 333.
New South Wales:
See Australia, East Coast.
Remarks on, 317.
NEW ZEALAND:
Account of, 214.
Admiralty Bay, 213.
Animals, 217.
Attempt to seize a boy, 137.
Banks Peninsula, 197.
Brett, Cape, 163.
Burial, 224.
Camel, Mount, 171, 176, 177.
Campbell, Cape, 194.
Canoes, 221, 222.
Cannibalism, 156, 183, 184, 221.
Chart of, Accuracy of, 215.
Clothing, 219.
Colville, Cape, 158, 161.
Cook’s Strait, 181, 186, 193.
Customs of mourning, 188.
Description of, 214.
Dusky Bay, 207.
Egmont, Mount, 180.
Farewell, Cape, 211.
First landing in, 130.
Food, 222.
Hauraki Gulf, 160.
Hawkes’ Bay, 137.
Hemp or flax, 217.
Hippas, or Pahs, 147, 152, 153, 156, 164, 167, 169, 186, 192. Houses, 223.
Iron sand, 156.
Islands, Bay of, 165, 169.
Jackson, Cape, 214.
Kaipara Harbour, 177.
Kairoura Mountain, 193, 196.
Left, 213.
Massacre or Murderers (Murtherers) Bay, 183, 214. Mercury Bay, 148, 155.
Middle Island, Description of, 210. Musical Instruments, 224.
Native, Name of, 189, 214.
Natives, Conflicts with, 131, 135, 136, 146, 147, 148, 151, 163, 164, 165, 166, 182, 187, 221.
Description of, 218.
Fearlessness of, 139, 221.
Notes on, 230.
Three captured, 132.
Traditions of, 191.
Traffic with, 134, 137, 141, 143, 145, 149, 151, 159, 160, 182, 192, 195.
North, Cape, 173.
Palliser (Pallisser), Cape, 193, 195. Pattoo Pattoas, 154.
Places recommended for settling, 218. Plenty, Bay of, 146.
Portland Island, 134.
Poverty Bay, 130.
Produce of, 216.
Queen Charlotte’s Sound, 182, 191.
Religion, 224.
Ruapuke Island, 203.
Runaway, Cape, 145.
Saunders, Cape, 201.
Sighted, 129.
South Cape, 205.
Stephens Island, 188, 212.
Stewart Island, 205.
Tegadoo Bay, 141.
Thames, Frith of, 158, 161.
Three Kings, 174.
Timber, 159, 217.
Tolaga Bay, 142.
Tools, 223.
Traps, 204.
Turnagain, Cape, 130, 195.
Weapons, 154.
Ohetiroa, 120.
Ohwarrhe Harbour, 110.
Onrust, the Dutch dockyard, 354, 356.
Otaha, 112:
Excursion to, 116.
Description of, 117.
Otaheite. See Tahiti.
Oree, King of Huaheine, 109, 110.
Orton, Mr., 258.
Osnaburg Island, 58.
Oysters, 153, 156, 248, 260, 266, 318.
Pacific:
Exploration of, xv.
Explorers of, xvi.
Parkinson, Mr., 368.
Paumotu Archipelago, 55 to 58.
Pepys’ Island, 33.
Perry, Mr., Surgeon’s Mate, 359.
Pintado Birds, 122.
Port Egmont Hens, 129, 200.
Poverty Bay, Incidents at, 130.
Princes Island, Sunda Strait, 366.
Quiros, 213, 226, 301.
Raiatea. See Ulietea.
Rays (fish), 247, 291, 295.
Repairs effected, 360.
Rio Janeiro:
Arrival at, 18.
Viceroy of, 19 to 22.
Description of, 24.
Roggeween, 227.
Rotte, 340.
Rurutu. See Ohetiroa.
St. Helena, 386.
Savu, 341 to 347.
Scurvy, xvi., xvii:
Conquered, xxviii., xxx., xxxvi., xlvi. Prevention against, xxiv., 59.
Seals, 128, 203, 217.
Society Islands, Description of, 116.
Solander, Dr., 65, 131, 166, 167, 184, 186, 242, 245, 288, 311, 332, 342.
Sour krout, 59.
Southern Continent, 51, 125, 226, 228.
Stranding of ship, 169, 274 to 276, 279.
Success Bay, 36, 42.
Suicide of a Marine, 54.
Sumatra Strait, 349, 366.
Swallow, H.M.S.:
Safety of, 350.
Voyage of, xix.
Table Bay, 376 to 381, 383, 384.
Tahaa. See Otaha.
TAHITI:
Arreoys Society, 95.
Arrival at, 59.
Breadfruit, 84.
Canoes, 97.
Chastity, Want of, 96.
Climate, 103.
Cloth manufacture, 99.
Clothing of natives, 93.
Cooking, Method of, 79.
Dead, Disposal of, 65, 81.
Description of, 88.
Desertion at, 80, 84,
Dogs as food, 79.
Emblems of peace, 64.
Expedition round, 81.
Fort erected at, 64, 68.
Funeral ceremonies, 102.
Government, 100.
History, Notes on, 105.
Houses, 96.
Images, 83.
Leave island, 87.
Manners and Customs, 94.
Mories (Morai) or temples, 83, 101. Music, 94.
Natives of:
Description of, 91.
Rules for traffic with, 60.
Oamo or Amo, Chief, 80, 83, 105, 106. Obariea, Queen, 67, 69, 70, 72, 79, 80, 83, 85, 86, 105. Owhaa, Chief, 60, 63, 66.
Priests, 102.
Produce of, 89.
Religion, 101.
Sexes, separation at meals, 91.
Tattooing, 93.
Thefts at, 62, 63, 68, 73, 75, 78, 82. Toobouratomita, Chief, 62, 65, 69, 71, 73, 77, 85. Tools, 98.
Tootaha, Regent, 62, 67, 69, 70, 71, 74, 77, 85, 106. Traffic for provisions, 60, 87.
Tupia, Priest. See Tupia.
Weapons, 99.
Wrestling, 71.
Teneriff, Peak of, 8.
Tenimber Islands, 336.
Tern. See Eggbirds.
Thrum Cap Island, 56.
Tierra del Fuego, Expedition into, 38.
Timor, 338.
Tootaha, Regent of Tahiti. See Tahiti.
Transit of:
Mercury, 150.
Venus, 76.
Tropic birds, 53.
Tupia:
Priest of Tahiti, 102, 105, 109, 112, 131, 132, 136, 182, 187, 242, 286, 349, 354.
Death of, 363.
Islands known to, 229.
Knowledge of, 121.
Taken on board, 87.
Usefulness of, 363.
Turtle, 285, 287, 288, 290, 295, 301, 352.
Two Groups Island, 57.
Ulietea:
Acting and dances at, 114.
Description of, 116.
Harbour, 111.
Opoony, King of, 115.
Rautoanui Harbour, 114.
Variation, Remarks on, 104.
Venereal Disease, 76.
Walsche, Cape, 331.
Warping, Machine for, 389.
Elliott Stock, 62, Paternoster Row.