deliberate, judgment as to the common good. We also use assent in cases where a proposal is made which involves but little interest or feeling. A lady may assent to a gentleman’s opening the window; but if he offers himself in marriage, he must wait for her consent.
As7senOta6tion (?), n. [L. assentatio. See Assent, v.] Insincere, flattering, or obsequious assent; hypocritical or pretended concurrence.
Abject flattery and indiscriminate assentation degrade as much as indiscriminate contradiction and noisy debate disgust.
Ld. Chesterfield.
As7senOta6tor , n. [L., fr. assentari to assent constantly.] An obsequious; a flatterer. [R.]
AsOsent6aOtoOry (?), a. Flattering; obsequious. [Obs.] P AsOsent6aOtoOriOly, adv. [Obs.]
AsOsent6er (?), n. One who assents. AsOsen6tient , a. Assenting.
AsOsent6ing (?), a. Giving or implying assent. P AsOsent6ingOly, adv.
AsOsent6ive (?), a. Giving assent; of the nature of assent; complying. P AsOsent6iveOness, n.
AsOsent6ment , n. Assent; agreement. [Obs.] AsOsert6 (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Asserted; p. pr. & vb. n. Asserting.] [L. assertus, p. p. of asserere to join or fasten to one’s self, claim, maintain; ad + serere to join or bind together. See Series.] 1. To affirm; to declare with assurance, or plainly and strongly; to state positively; to aver; to asseverate.
Nothing is more shameful… than to assert anything to be done without a cause.
Ray.
2. To maintain; to defend. [Obs. or Archaic] That… I may assert Eternal Providence, And justify the ways of God to men.
Milton.
I will assert it from the scandal.
Jer. Taylor.
3. To maintain or defend, as a cause or a claim, by words or measures; to vindicate a claim or title to; as, to assert our rights and liberties.
To ~ one’s self, to claim or vindicate one’s rights or position; to demand recognition.
Syn. – To affirm; aver; asseverate; maintain; protest; pronounce; declare; vindicate. P To Assert, Affirm, Maintain, Vindicate. To assert is to fasten to one’s self, and hence to claim. It is, therefore, adversative in its nature. We assert our rights and privileges, or the cause of tree institutions, as against opposition or denial. To affirm is to declare as true. We assert boldly; we affirm positively. To maintain is to uphold, and insist upon with earnestness, whatever we have once asserted; as, to maintain one’s cause, to maintain an argument, to maintain the ground we have taken. To vindicate is to use language and measures of the strongest kind, in defense of ourselves and those for whom we act. We maintain our assertions by adducing proofs, facts, or arguments; we are ready to vindicate our rights or interests by the utmost exertion of our powers.
AsOsert6er (?), n. One who asserts; one who avers pr maintains; an assertor.
The inflexible asserter of the rights of the church. Milman.
AsOser6tion (?), n. [L. assertio, fr. asserere.] 1. The act of asserting, or that which is asserted; positive declaration or averment; affirmation; statement asserted; position advanced.
There is a difference between assertion and demonstration. Macaulay.
2. Maintenance; vindication; as, the assertion of one’s rights or prerogatives.
AsOsert6ive (?), a. Positive; affirming confidently; affirmative; peremptory.
In a confident and assertive form.
Glanvill.
P AsOsert6iveOly, adv. P AsOsert6iveOness, n. AsOsert6or (?), n. [L., fr. asserere.] One who asserts or avers; one who maintains or vindicates a claim or a right; an affirmer, supporter, or vindicator; a defender; an asserter.
The assertors of liberty said not a word. Macaulay.
Faithful assertor of thy country’s cause. Prior.
As7serOto6riOal (?), a. Asserting that a thing is; P opposed to problematical and apodeictical.
AsOsert6oOry (?), a. [L. assertorius, fr. asserere.] Affirming; maintaining.
Arguments… assertory, not probatory. Jer. Taylor.
An assertory, not a promissory, declaration. Bentham.
A proposition is assertory, when it enounces what is known as actual.
Sir W. Hamilton.
AsOsess6 (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Assessed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Assessing.] [OF. assesser to regulate, settle, LL. assessare to value for taxation, fr. L. assidere, supine as if assessum, to sit by, esp. of judges in a court, in LL. to assess, tax. Cf. Assize, v., Cess.] 1. To value; to make a valuation or official estimate of for the purpose of taxation.
2. To apportion a sum to be paid by (a person, a community, or an estate), in the nature of a tax, fine, etc.; to impose a tax upon (a person, an estate, or an income) according to a rate or apportionment.
3. To determine and impose a tax or fine upon (a person, community, estate, or income); to tax; as, the club assessed each member twentyPfive cents.
4. To fix or determine the rate or amount of. This sum is assessed and raised upon individuals by commissioners in the act.
Blackstone.
AsOsess6aOble (?), a. Liable to be assessed or taxed; as, assessable property.
As7sessOee6 (?), n. One who is assessed. AsOses6sion (?), n. [L. assessio, fr. assid?re to sit by or near; ad + sed?re to sit. See Sit.] A sitting beside or near.
AsOsess6ment (?), n. [LL. assessamentum.] 1. The act of assessing; the act of determining an amount to be paid; as, an assessment of damages, or of taxes; an assessment of the members of a club.
2. A valuation of property or profits of business, for the purpose of taxation; such valuation and an adjudging of the proper sum to be levied on the property; as, an assessment of property or an assessment on property. 5 An assessment is a valuation made by authorized persons according to their discretion, as opposed to a sum certain or determined by law. It is a valuation of the property of those who are to pay the tax, for the purpose of fixing the proportion which each man shall pay.
Blackstone. Burrill.
3. The specific sum levied or assessed. 4. An apportionment of a subscription for stock into successive installments; also, one of these installments (in England termed a =call8). [U. S.]
AsOsess6or , n. [L., one who sits beside, the assistant of a judge, fr. assid?re. See Assession. LL., one who arranges of determines the taxes, fr. assid?re. See Assess, v., and cf. Cessor.] 1. One appointed or elected to assist a judge or magistrate with his special knowledge of the subject to be decided; as legal assessors, nautical assessors. Mozley & W.
2. One who sits by another, as next in dignity, or as an assistant and adviser; an associate in office. Whence to his Son,
The assessor of his throne, he thus began. Milton.
With his ignorance, his inclinations, and his fancy, as his assessors in judgment.
I. Taylor.
3. One appointed to assess persons or property for the purpose of taxation.
Bouvier.
As7sesOso6riOal (?), a. [Cf. F. assessorial, fr. L. assessor.] Of or pertaining to an assessor, or to a court of assessors.
Coxe.
AsOsess6orOship (?), n. The office or function of an assessor.
As6set (?), n. Any article or separable part of one’s assets.
As6sets (?), n. pl. [OF. asez enough, F. assez, fr. L. ad + satis, akin to Gr. ? enough, Goth. saps full. Cf. Assai, Satisfy.] 1. (Law) (a) Property of a deceased person, subject by law to the payment of his debts and legacies; P called assets because sufficient to render the executor or administrator liable to the creditors and legatees, so far as such goods or estate may extend. Story. Blackstone. (b) Effects of an insolvent debtor or bankrupt, applicable to the payment of debts.
2. The entire property of all sorts, belonging to a person, a corporation, or an estate; as, the assets of a merchant or a trading association; P opposed to liabilities. 5 In balancing accounts the assets are put on the Cr. side and the debts on the Dr. side.
AsOsev6er (?), v. t. [Cf. OF. asseverer, fr. L. asseverare.] See Asseverate. [Archaic]
AsOsev6erOate (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Asseverated (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Asseverating (?).] [L. asseveratus, p. p. of asseverare to assert seriously or earnestly; ad + severus. See Severe.] To affirm or aver positively, or with solemnity.
Syn. – To affirm; aver; protest; declare. See Affirm. AsOsev7erOa6tion (?), n. [L. asseveratio.] The act of asseverating, or that which is asseverated; positive affirmation or assertion; solemn declaration. Another abuse of the tongue I might add, P vehement asseverations upon slight and trivial occasions. Ray.
AsOsev6erOaOtive , a. Characterized by asseveration; asserting positively.
AsOsev6erOaOtoOry , a. Asseverative. AsOsib6iOlate , v. t. [L. assibilatus, p. p. of assibilare to hiss out; ad + sibilare to hiss.] To make sibilant; to change to a sibilant.
J. Peile.
AsOsib7iOla6tion , n. Change of a nonPsibilant letter to a sibilant, as of Otion to Oshun, duke to ditch. As7siOde6an , n. [Heb. kh>sad to be pious.] One of a body of devoted Jews who opposed the Hellenistic Jews, and supported the Asmoneans.
As6siOdent (?), a. [L. assidens, p. pr. of assid?re to sit by: cf. F. assident. See Assession.] (Med.) Usually attending a disease, but not always; as, assident signs, or symptoms.
AsOsid6uOate (?), a. [L. assiduatus, p. p. of assiduare to use assiduously.] Unremitting; assiduous. [Obs.] =Assiduate labor.8
Fabyan.
As7siOdu6iOty (?), n.; pl. Assiduities (?). [L. assiduitas: cf. F. assiduite. See Assiduous.] 1. Constant or close application or attention, particularly to some business or enterprise; diligence.
I have, with much pains and assiduity, qualified myself for a nomenclator.
Addison.
2. Studied and persevering attention to a person; P usually in the plural.
AsOsid6uOous (?), a. [L. assiduus, fr. assid?re to sit near or close; ad + sed?re to sit. See Sit.] 1. Constant in application or attention; devoted; attentive; unremitting. She grows more assiduous in her attendance. Addison.
2. Performed with constant diligence or attention; unremitting; persistent; as, assiduous labor. To weary him with my assiduous cries.
Milton.
Syn. – Diligent; attentive; sedulous; unwearied; unintermitted; persevering; laborious; indefatigable. P AsOsid6uOousOly, adv. P AsOsid6uOousOness, n. AsOsiege6 (?), v. t. [OE. asegen, OF. asegier, F. assiger, fr. LL. assediare, assidiare, to besiege. See Siege.] [Obs.] =Assieged castles.8
Spenser.
AsOsiege6, n. A siege. [Obs.]
Chaucer.
As7siOen6tist , n. [Cf. F. assientiste, Sp. asentista.] A shareholder of the Assiento company; one of the parties to the Assiento contract.
Bancroft.
X As7siOen6to (?), n. [Sp. asiento seat, contract or agreement, fr. asentar to place on a chair, to adjust, to make an agreement; a (L. ad) + sentar, a participial verb; as if there were a L. sedentare to cause to sit, fr. sedens, sedentis, p. pr. of sed?re to sit.] A contract or convention between Spain and other powers for furnishing negro slaves for the Spanish dominions in America, esp. the contract made with Great Britain in 1713.
AsOsign6 (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Assigned (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Assigning.] [OE. assignen, asignen, F. assigner, fr. L. assignare; ad + signare to mark, mark out, designate, signum mark, sign. See Sign.] 1. To appoint; to allot; to apportion; to make over.
In the order I assign to them.
Loudon.
The man who could feel thus was worthy of a better station than that in which his lot had been assigned. Southey.
He assigned to his men their several posts. Prescott.
2. To fix, specify, select, or designate; to point out authoritatively or exactly; as, to assign a limit; to assign counsel for a prisoner; to assign a day for trial. All as the dwarf the way to her assigned. Spenser.
It is not easy to assign a period more eventful. De Quincey.
3. (Law) To transfer, or make over to another, esp. to transfer to, and vest in, certain persons, called assignees, for the benefit of creditors.
To ~ dower, to set out by metes and bounds the widow’s share or portion in an estate.
Kent.
AsOsign6, n. [From Assign, v.] A thing pertaining or belonging to something else; an appurtenance. [Obs.] Six French rapiers and poniards, with their assigns, as girdles, hangers, and so.
Shak.
AsOsign6, n. [See Assignee.] (Law) A person to whom property or an interest is transferred; as, a deed to a man and his heirs and assigns.
AsOsign7aObil6iOty (?), n. The quality of being assignable. AsOsign6aOble (?), a. Capable of being assigned, allotted, specified, or designated; as, an assignable note or bill; an assignable reason; an assignable quantity. X As7si7gnat6 (?; 277), n. [F. assignat, fr. L. assignatus, p. p. of assignare.] One of the notes, bills, or bonds, issued as currency by the revolutionary government of France (1790P1796), and based on the security of the lands of the church and of nobles which had been appropriated by the state.
As7sigOna6tion (?), n. [L. assignatio, fr. assignare: cf. F. assignation.] 1. The act of assigning or allotting; apportionment.
This order being taken in the senate, as touching the appointment and assignation of those provinces. Holland.
2. An appointment of time and place for meeting or interview; P used chiefly of love interviews, and now commonly in a bad sense.
While nymphs take treats, or assignations give. Pope.
3. A making over by transfer of title; assignment. House of ~, a house in which appointments for sexual intercourse are fulfilled.
As7signOee6 , n. [F. assign, p. p. of assigner. See Assign, v., and cf. Assign an ~.] (Law) (a) A person to whom an assignment is made; a person appointed or deputed by another to do some act, perform some business, or enjoy some right, privilege, or property; as, an assignee of a bankrupt. See Assignment (c). An ~ may be by special appointment or deed, or be created by jaw; as an executor. Cowell. Blount. (b) pl. In England, the persons appointed, under a commission of bankruptcy, to manage the estate of a bankrupt for the benefit of his creditors.
<– p. 92 –>
AsOsign6er (?), n. One who assigns, appoints, allots, or apportions.
AsOsign6ment (?), n. [LL. assignamentum: cf. OF. assenement.] 1. An allotting or an appointment to a particular person or use; or for a particular time, as of a cause or causes in court.
2. (Law) (a) A transfer of title or interest by writing, as of lease, bond, note, or bill of exchange; a transfer of the whole of some particular estate or interest in lands. (b) The writing by which an interest is transferred. (c) The transfer of the property of a bankrupt to certain persons called assignees, in whom it is vested for the benefit of creditors.
w of dower, the setting out by metes and bounds of the widow’s thirds or portion in the deceased husband’s estate, and allotting it to her.
5 Assignment is also used in law as convertible with specification; assignment of error in proceedings for review being specification of error; and assignment of perjury or fraud in indictment being specifications of perjury or fraud.
As7signOor6 (?), n. [L. assignator. Cf. Assigner.] (Law) An assigner; a person who assigns or transfers an interest; as, the assignor of a debt or other chose in action. AsOsim7iOlaObil6iOty (?), n. The quality of being assimilable. [R.]
Coleridge.
AsOsim6iOlaOble (?), a. That may be assimilated; that may be likened, or appropriated and incorporated. AsOsim6iOlate (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Assimilated (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Assimilating (?).] [L. assimilatus, p. p. of assimilare; ad + similare to make like, similis like. See Similar, Assemble, Assimilate.] 1. To bring to a likeness or to conformity; to cause a resemblance between. Sir M. Hale.
To assimilate our law to the law of Scotland. John Bright.
Fast falls a fleecy; the downy flakes Assimilate all objects.
Cowper.
2. To liken; to compa?e. [R.]
3. To appropriate and transform or incorporate into the substance of the assimilating body; to absorb or appropriate, as nourishment; as, food is assimilated and converted into organic tissue.
Hence also animals and vegetables may assimilate their nourishment.
Sir I. Newton.
His mind had no power to assimilate the lessons. Merivale.
AsOsim6iOlate, v. i. 1. To become similar or like something else. [R.]
2. To change and appropriate nourishment so as to make it a part of the substance of the assimilating body. Aliment easily assimilated or turned into blood. Arbuthnot.
3. To be converted into the substance of the assimilating body; to become incorporated; as, some kinds of food assimilate more readily than others.
I am a foreign material, and cannot assimilate with the church of England.
J. H. Newman.
AsOsim7iOla6tion (?), n. [L. assimilatio: cf. F. assimilation.] 1. The act or process of assimilating or bringing to a resemblance, likeness, or identity; also, the state of being so assimilated; as, the assimilation of one sound to another.
To aspire to an assimilation with God. Dr. H. More.
The assimilation of gases and vapors. Sir J. Herschel.
2. (Physiol.) The conversion of nutriment into the fluid or solid substance of the body, by the processes of digestion and absorption, whether in plants or animals. Not conversing the body, not repairing it by assimilation, but preserving it by ventilation.
Sir T. Browne.
5 The term assimilation has been limited by some to the final process by which the nutritive matter of the blood is converted into the substance of the tissues and organs. AsOsim6iOlaOtive (?), a. [Cf. LL. assimilativus, F. assimilatif.] Tending to, or characterized by, assimilation; that assimilates or causes assimilation; as, an assimilative process or substance.
AsOsim6iOlaOtoOry (?), a. Tending to assimilate, or produce assimilation; as, assimilatory organs.
AsOsim6uOlate (?), v. t. [L. assimulatus, p. p. of assimulare, equiv. to assimilare. See Assimilate, v. t.] 1. To feign; to counterfeit; to simulate; to resemble. [Obs.] Blount.
2. To assimilate. [Obs.]
Sir M. Hale.
AsOsim7uOla6tion (?), n. [L. assimulatio, equiv. to assimilatio.] Assimilation. [Obs.]
Bacon.
As7siOne6go (?), n. See Asinego.
Ass6ish (?), a. Resembling an ass; asinine; stupid or obstinate.
Such… appear to be of the assich kind… Udall.
AsOsist6 (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Assisted; p. pr. & vb. n. Assisting.] [L. assistere; ad + sistere to cause to stand, to stand, from stare to stand: cf. F. assister. See Stand.] To give support to in some undertaking or effort, or in time of distress; to help; to aid; to succor. Assist me, knight. I am undone!
Shak.
Syn. – To help; aid; second; back; support; relieve; succor; befriend; sustain; favor. See Help.
AsOsist6, v. i. 1. To lend aid; to help. With God not parted from him, as was feared, But favoring and assisting to the end.
Milton.
2. To be present as a spectator; as, to assist at a public meeting. [A Gallicism]
Gibbon. Prescott.
AsOsist6ance (?), n. [Cf. F. assistance.] 1. The act of assisting; help; aid; furtherance; succor; support. Without the assistance of a mortal hand. Shak.
2. An assistant or helper; a body of helpers. [Obs.] Wat Tyler [was] killed by valiant Walworth, the lord mayor of London, and his assistance,… John Cavendish. Fuller.
3. Persons present. [ Obs. or a Gallicism] AsOsist6ant (?), a. [Cf. F. assistant, p. pr. of assister.] 1. Helping; lending aid or support; auxiliary. Genius and learning… are mutually and greatly assistant to each other.
Beattie.
2. (Mil.) Of the second grade in the staff of the army; as, an assistant surgeon. [U.S.]
5 In the English army it designates the third grade in any particular branch of the staff.
Farrow.
AsOsist6ant (?), n. 1. One who, or that which, assists; a helper; an auxiliary; a means of help.
Four assistants who his labor share. Pope.
Rhymes merely as assistants to memory. Mrs. Chapone.
2. An attendant; one who is present. Dryden.
AsOsist6antOly, adv. In a manner to give aid. [R.] AsOsist6er , n. An assistant; a helper.
AsOsist6ful (?), a. Helpful.
AsOsist6ive (?), a. Lending aid, helping. AsOsist6less, a. Without aid or help. [R.] Pope.
AsOsist6or (?), n. (Law) A assister. AsOsith6ment (?), n. See Assythment. [Obs.] AsOsize6 (?), n. [OE. assise, asise, OF. assise, F. assises, assembly of judges, the decree pronounced by them, tax, impost, fr. assis, assise, p. p. of asseoir, fr. L. assid?re to sit by; ad + sed?re to sit. See Sit, Size, and cf. Excise, Assess.] 1. An assembly of knights and other substantial men, with a bailiff or justice, in a certain place and at a certain time, for public business. [Obs.] 2. (Law) (a) A special kind of jury or inquest. (b) A kind of writ or real action. (c) A verdict or finding of a jury upon such writ. (d) A statute or ordinance in general. Specifically: (1) A statute regulating the weight, measure, and proportions of ingredients and the price of articles sold in the market; as, the assize of bread and other provisions; (2) A statute fixing the standard of weights and measures. (e) Anything fixed or reduced to a certainty in point of time, number, quantity, quality, weight, measure, etc.; as, rent of assize. Glanvill. Spelman. Cowell. Blackstone. Tomlins. Burrill. [This term is not now used in England in the sense of a writ or real action, and seldom of a jury of any kind, but in Scotch practice it is still technically applied to the jury in criminal cases. Stephen. Burrill. Erskine.] (f) A court, the sitting or session of a court, for the trial of processes, whether civil or criminal, by a judge and jury. Blackstone. Wharton. Encyc. Brit. (g) The periodical sessions of the judges of the superior courts in every county of England for the purpose of administering justice in the trial and determination of civil and criminal cases; P usually in the plural. Brande. Wharton. Craig. Burrill. (h) The time or place of holding the court of ~; P generally in the plural, assizes. 3. Measure; dimension; size. [In this sense now corrupted into size.]
An hundred cubits high by just assize. Spenser.
[Formerly written, as in French, assise.] AsOsize6, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Assized (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Assizing.] [From Assize, n.: cf. LL. assisare to decree in ~. Cf. Asses, v.] 1. To assess; to value; to rate. [Obs.] Gower.
2. To fix the weight, measure, or price of, by an ordinance or regulation of authority. [Obs.]
AsOsiz6er (?), n. An officer who has the care or inspection of weights and measures, etc.
AsOsiz6or (?), n. (Scots Law) A juror. AsOso6ber (?), v. t. [Pref. adO + sober. Cf. Ensober.] To make or keep sober. [Obs.]
Gower.
AsOso7ciaObil6iOty (?), n. The quality of being associable, or capable of association; associableness. =The associability of feelings.8
H. Spencer.
AsOso6ciaOble (?), a. [See Associate.] 1.Capable of being associated or joined.
We know feelings to be associable only by the proved ability of one to revive another.
H. Spencer.
2. Sociable; companionable. [Obs.]
3. (Med.) Liable to be affected by sympathy with other parts; P said of organs, nerves, muscles, etc. The stomach, the most associable of all the organs of the animal body.
Med. Rep.
AsOso6ciaObleOness, n. Associability. AsOso6ciOate (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Associated (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Associating (?).] [L. associatus, p. p. of associare; ad + sociare to join or unite, socius companion. See Social.] 1. To join with one, as a friend, companion, partner, or confederate; as, to associate others with ?s in business, or in an enterprise.
2. To join or connect; to combine in acting; as, particles of gold associated with other substances. 3. To connect or place together in thought. He succeeded in associating his name inseparably with some names which will last an long as our language. Macaulay.
4. To accompany; to keep company with. [Obs.] Friends should associate friends in grief and woe. Shak.
AsOso6ciOate, v. i. 1. To unite in company; to keep company, implying intimacy; as, congenial minds are disposed to associate.
2. To unite in action, or to be affected by the action of a different part of the body.
E. Darwin.
AsOso6ciOate (?), a. [L. associatus, p. p.] 1. Closely connected or joined with some other, as in interest, purpose, employment, or office; sharing responsibility or authority; as, an associate judge.
While I descend… to my associate powers. Milton.
2. Admitted to some, but not to all, rights and privileges; as, an associate member.
3. (Physiol.) Connected by habit or sympathy; as, associate motions, such as occur sympathetically, in consequence of preceding motions.
E. Darwin.
AsOso6ciOate, n. 1. A companion; one frequently in company with another, implying intimacy or equality; a mate; a fellow.
2. A partner in interest, as in business; or a confederate in a league.
3. One connected with an association or institution without the full rights or privileges of a regular member; as, an associate of the Royal Academy.
4. Anything closely or usually connected with another; an concomitant.
The one [idea] no sooner comes into the understanding, than its associate appears with it.
Locke.
Syn. – Companion; mate; fellow; friend; ally; partner; coadjutor; comrade; accomplice.
AsOso6ciOa7ted (?), a. Joined as a companion; brought into association; accompanying; combined.
w movements (Physiol.), consensual movements which accompany voluntary efforts without our consciousness. Dunglison.
AsOso6ciOateOship (?), n. The state of an associate, as in Academy or an office.
AsOso7ciOa6tion (?; 277), n. [Cf. F. association, LL. associatio, fr. L. associare.] 1. The act of associating, or state of being associated; union; connection, whether of persons of things. =Some… bond of association.8 Hooker.
SelfPdenial is a kind of holy association with God. Boyle.
2. Mental connection, or that which is mentally linked or associated with a thing.
Words… must owe their powers association. Johnson.
Why should… the holiest words, with all their venerable associations, be profaned?
Coleridge.
3. Union of persons in a company or society for some particular purpose; as, the American Association for the Advancement of Science; a benevolent association. Specifically, as among the Congregationalists, a society, consisting of a number of ministers, generally the pastors of neighboring churches, united for promoting the interests of religion and the harmony of the churches. w of ideas (Physiol.), the combination or connection of states of mind or their objects with one another, as the result of which one is said to be revived or represented by means of the other. The relations according to which they are thus connected or revived are called the law of association. Prominent among them are reckoned the relations of time and place, and of cause and effect. Porter.
AsOso7ciOa6tionOal (?), a. 1. Of or pertaining to association, or to an association.
2. Pertaining to the theory held by the associationists. AsOso7ciOa6tionOism (?), n. (Philos.) The doctrine or theory held by associationists.
AsOso7ciOa6tionOist, n. (Philos.) One who explains the higher functions and relations of the soul by the association of ideas; e. g., Hartley, J. C. Mill. AsOso6ciOaOtive (?), a.Having the quality of associating; tending or leading to association; as, the associative faculty.
Hugh Miller.
AsOso6ciOa7tor (?), n. An associate; a confederate or partner in any scheme.
How Pennsylvania’s air agrees with Quakers, And Carolina’s with associators.
Dryden.
AsOsoil6 (?), v. t. [OF. assoiler, absoiler, assoldre, F. absoudre, L. absolvere. See Absolve.] 1. To set free; to release. [Archaic]
Till from her hands the spright assoiled is. Spenser.
2. To solve; to clear up. [Obs.]
Any child might soon be able to assoil this riddle. Bp. Jewel.
3. To set free from guilt; to absolve. [Archaic] Acquitted and assoiled from the guilt.
Dr. H. More.
Many persons think themselves fairly assoiled, because they are… not of scandalous lives.
Jer. Taylor.
4. To expiate; to atone for. [Archaic] Spenser.
Let each act assoil a fault.
E. Arnold.
5. To remove; to put off. [Obs.]
She soundly slept, and careful thoughts did quite assoil. Spenser.
AsOsoil6, v. t. [Pref. adO + soil.] To soil; to stain. [Obs. or Poet.]
Beau. & Fl.
Ne’er assoil my cobwebbed shield.
Wordsworth.
AsOsoil6ment (?), n. Act of assoiling, or state of being assoiled; absolution; acquittal.
AsOsoil6ment, n. A soiling; defilement. AsOsoil6zie (?), AsOsoil6yie, v. t. [Old form assoi?e. See Assoil.] (scots Law) To absolve; to acquit by sentence of court.
God assoilzie him for the sin of bloodshed. Sir W. Scott.
As6soOnance (?), n. [Cf. F. assonance. See Assonant.] 1. Resemblance of sound. =The disagreeable assonance of ?sheath’ and ?sheated.’8
Steevens.
2. (Pros.) A peculiar species of rhyme, in which the last accented vowel and those which follow it in one word correspond in sound with the vowels of another word, while the consonants of the two words are unlike in sound; as, calamo and platano, baby and chary.
The assonance is peculiar to the Spaniard. Hallam.
3. Incomplete correspondence.
Assonance between facts seemingly remote. Lowell.
As6soOnant (?), a. [L. assonans, p. pr. of assonare to sound to, to correspond to in sound; ad + sonare to sound, sonus sound: cf. F. assonant. See Sound.] 1.Having a resemblance of sounds.
2. (Pros.) Pertaining to the peculiar species of rhyme called assonance; not consonant.
As7soOnan6tal (?), a. Assonant.
As6soOnate (?), v. i. [L. assonare, assonatum, to respond to.] To correspond in sound.
AsOsort6 (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Assorted; p. pr. & vb. n. Assorting.] [F. assortir; ? (L. ad) + sortir to cast or draw lots, to obtain by lot, L. sortiri, fr. sors, sortis, lot. See Sort.] 1. To separate and distribute into classes, as things of a like kind, nature, or quality, or which are suited to a like purpose; to classify; as, to assort goods. [Rarely applied to persons.]
They appear… no ways assorted to those with whom they must associate.
Burke.
2. To furnish with, or make up of, various sorts or a variety of goods; as, to assort a cargo. AsOsort6, v. i. To agree; to be in accordance; to be adapted; to suit; to fall into a class or place. Mitford.
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AsOsort6ed (?), a. Selected; culled.
AsOsort6ment (?), n. [Cf. F. assortiment.] 1. Act of assorting, or distributing into sorts, kinds, or classes. 2. A collection or quantity of things distributed into kinds or sorts; a number of things assorted.
3. A collection containing a variety of sorts or kinds adapted to various wants, demands, or purposes; as, an assortment of goods.
AsOsot6 (?), v. t. [OF. asoter, F. assoter; ? (L. ad) + sot stupid. See Sot.] To besot; to befool; to beguile; to infatuate. [Obs.]
Some ecstasy assotted had his sense. Spenser.
AsOsot6, a. Dazed; foolish; infatuated. [Obs.] Willie, I ween thou be assot.
Spenser.
AsOsuage6 (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Assuaged ; p. pr. & vb. n. Assuaging (?).] [OE. asuagen, aswagen, OF. asoagier, asuagier, fr. assouagier, fr. L. ad + suavis sweet. See Sweet.] To soften, in a figurative sense; to allay, mitigate, ease, or lessen, as heat, pain, or grief; to appease or pacify, as passion or tumult; to satisfy, as appetite or desire.
Refreshing winds the summer’s heat assuage. Addison.
To assuage the sorrows of a desolate old man Burke.
The fount at which the panting mind assuages Her thirst of knowledge.
Byron.
Syn. – To alleviate; mitigate; appease; soothe; calm; tranquilize; relieve. See Alleviate.
AsOsuage6, v. i. To abate or subside. [Archaic] =The waters assuaged.8
Gen. vii. 1.
The plague being come to a crisis, its fury began to assuage.
De Foe.
AsOsuage6ment (?), n. [OF. assouagement, asuagement.] Mitigation; abatement.
AsOsua6ger (?), n. One who, or that which, assuages. AsOsua6sive (?), a. [From assuage, as if this were fr. a supposed L. assuadere to persuade to; or from E. pref. ad + Osuasive as in persuasive.] Mitigating; tranquilizing; soothing. [R.]
Music her soft assuasive voice applies. Pope.
AsOsub6juOgate (?), v. t. [Pref. adO + subjugate.] To bring into subjection. [Obs.]
Shak.
As7sueOfac6tion (?), n. [L. assuefacere to accustom to; assuetus (p. p. of assuescere to accustom to) + facere to make; cf. OF. assuefaction.] The act of accustoming, or the state of being accustomed; habituation. [Obs.] Custom and studies efform the soul like wax, and by assuefaction introduce a nature.
Jer. Taylor.
As6sueOtude (?), n. [L. assuetudo, fr. assuetus accustomed.] Accustomedness; habit; habitual use.
Assuetude of things hurtful doth make them lose their force to hurt.
Bacon.
AsOsum6aOble (?), a. That may be assumed. AsOsum6aObly, adv. By way of assumption. AsOsume6 (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Assumed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Assuming.] [L. assumere; ad + sumere to take; sub + emere to take, buy: cf. F. assumer. See Redeem.] 1. To take to or upon one’s self; to take formally and demonstratively; sometimes, to appropriate or take unjustly. Trembling they stand while Jove assumes the throne. Pope.
The god assumed his native form again. Pope.
2. To take for granted, or without proof; to suppose as a fact; to suppose or take arbitrarily or tentatively. The consequences of assumed principles.
Whewell.
3. To pretend to possess; to take in appearance. Ambition assuming the mask of religion.
Porteus.
Assume a virtue, if you have it not. Shak.
4. To receive or adopt.
The sixth was a young knight of lesser renown and lower rank, assumed into that honorable company. Sir W. Scott.
Syn. – To arrogate; usurp; appropriate. AsOsume6, v. i. 1. To be arrogant or pretentious; to claim more than is due.
Bp. Burnet.
2. (Law) To undertake, as by a promise. Burrill.
AsOsumed6 (?), a. 1. Supposed.
2. Pretended; hypocritical; makePbelieve; as, an assumed character.
AsOsum6edOly (?), adv. By assumption. AsOsum6ent (?), n. [L. assumentum, fr. ad + suere to sew.] A patch; an addition; a piece put on. [Obs.] John Lewis (1731).
AsOsum6er (?), n. One who assumes, arrogates, pretends, or supposes.
W. D. Whitney.
AsOsum6ing, a. Pretentious; taking much upon one’s self; presumptuous.
Burke.
X AsOsump6sit (?; 215), n. [L., he undertook, pret. of L. assumere. See Assume.] (Law) (a) A promise or undertaking, founded on a consideration. This promise may be oral or in writing not under seal. It may be express or implied. (b) An action to recover damages for a breach or nonperformance of a contract or promise, express or implied, oral or in writing not under seal. Common or indebitatus assumpsit is brought for the most part on an implied promise. Special assumpsit is founded on an express promise or undertaking. Wharton.
AsOsumpt6 (?; 215), v. t. [L. assumptus, p. p. of assumere. See Assume.] To take up; to elevate; to assume. [Obs.] Sheldon.
AsOsumpt6, n. [L. assumptum, p. p. neut. of assumere.] That which is assumed; an assumption. [Obs.]
The sun of all your assumpts is this. Chillingworth.
AsOsump6tion (?; 215), n. [OE. assumpcioun a taking up into heaven, L. assumptio a taking, fr. assumere: cf. F. assomption. See Assume.] 1. The act of assuming, or taking to or upon one’s self; the act of taking up or adopting. The assumption of authority.
Whewell.
2. The act of taking for granted, or supposing a thing without proof; supposition; unwarrantable claim. This gives no sanction to the unwarrantable assumption that the soul sleeps from the period of death to the resurrection of the body.
Thodey.
That calm assumption of the virtues. W. Black.
3. The thing supposed; a postulate, or proposition assumed; a supposition.
Hold! says the Stoic; your assumption’s wrong. Dryden.
4. (Logic) The minor or second proposition in a categorical syllogism.
5. The taking of a person up into heaven. Hence: (Rom. Cath. & Greek Churches) A festival in honor of the ascent of the Virgin Mary into heaven.
AsOsump6tive (?), a. [L. assumptivus, fr. assumptus, fr. assumere.] Assumed, or capable of being assumed; characterized by assumption; making unwarranted claims. P AsOsump6tiveOly, adv.
w arms (Her.), originally, arms which a person had a right to assume, in consequence of an exploit; now, those assumed without sanction of the Heralds’ College. Percy Smith.
AsOsur6ance (?), n. [OE. assuraunce, F. assurance, fr. assurer. See Assure.] 1. The act of assuring; a declaration tending to inspire full confidence; that which is designed to give confidence.
Whereof he hath given assurance unto all men, in that he hath raised him from the dead.
Acts xvii. 31.
Assurances of support came pouring in daily. Macaulay.
2. The state of being assured; firm persuasion; full confidence or trust; freedom from doubt; certainty. Let us draw with a true heart in full assurance of faith, having our hearts sprinkled from an evil conscience. Heb. x. 22.
3. Firmness of mind; undoubting, steadiness; intrepidity; courage; confidence; selfPreliance.
Brave men meet danger with assurance. Knolles.
Conversation with the world will give them knowledge and assurance.
Locke.
4. Excess of boldness; impudence; audacity; as, his assurance is intolerable.
5. Betrothal; affiance. [Obs.]
Sir P. Sidney.
6. Insurance; a contract for the payment of a sum on occasion of a certain event, as loss or death. 5 Recently, assurance has been used, in England, in relation to life contingencies, and insurance in relation to other contingencies. It is called temporary assurance, in the time within which the contingent event must happen is limited. See Insurance.
7. (Law) Any written or other legal evidence of the conveyance of property; a conveyance; a deed. 5 In England, the legal evidences of the conveyance of property are called the common assurances of the kingdom. Blackstone.
AsOsure (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Assured (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Assuring.] [OF. aserer, F. assurer, LL. assecurare; L. ad + securus secure, sure, certain. See Secure, Sure, and cf. Insure.] 1. To make sure or certain; to render confident by a promise, declaration, or other evidence. His promise that thy seed shall bruise our foe… Assures me that the bitterness of death
Is past, and we shall live.
Milton.
2. To declare to, solemnly; to assert to (any one) with the design of inspiring belief or confidence. I dare assure thee that no enemy
Shall ever take alive the noble Brutus. Shak.
3. To confirm; to make certain or secure. And it shall be assured to him.
Lev. xxvii. 19.
And hereby we know that we are of the truth, and shall assure our hearts before him.
1 John iii. 19.
4. To affiance; to betroth. [Obs.]
Shak.
5. (Law) To insure; to covenant to indemnify for loss, or to pay a specified sum at death. See Insure. Syn. – To declare; aver; avouch; vouch; assert; asseverate; protest; persuade; convince.
AsOsured6 (?), a. Made sure; safe; insured; certain; indubitable; not doubting; bold to excess. AsOsured6, n. One whose life or property is insured. AsOsur6edOly (?), adv. Certainly; indubitably. =The siege assuredly I’ll raise.8
Shak.
AsOsur6edOness, n. The state of being assured; certainty; full confidence.
AsOsur6er (?), n. 1. One who assures. Specifically: One who insures against loss; an insurer or underwriter. 2. One who takes out a life assurance policy. AsOsur6genOcy (?), n. Act of rising.
The… assurgency of the spirit through the body. Coleridge.
AsOsur6gent (?), a. [L. assurgens, p. pr. of assurgere; ad + surgere to rise.] Ascending; (Bot.) rising obliquely; curving upward.
Gray.
AsOsur6ing (?), a. That assures; tending to assure; giving confidence. P AsOsur6ingOly, adv.
AsOswage6 , v. See Assuage.
AsOsyr6iOan (?), a. [L. Assyrius.] Of or pertaining to Assyria, or to its inhabitants. P n. A native or an inhabitant of Assyria; the language of Assyria. AsOsyr7iOoOlog6icOal (?), a. Of or pertaining to Assyriology; as, Assyriological studies. AsOsyr7iOol6oOgist (?), n. One versed in Assyriology; a student of Assyrian archology.
AsOsyr7iOol6oOgy (?), n. [Assyria + Ology.] The science or study of the antiquities, language, etc., of ancient Assyria.
AsOsyth6ment (?), n. [From OF. aset, asez, orig. meaning enough. See Assets.] Indemnification for injury; satisfaction. [Chiefly in Scots law]
X As6taOcus (?), n. [L. astacus a crab, Gr. ?.] (Zol.) A genus of crustaceans, containing the crawfish of freshPwater lobster of Europe, and allied species of western North America. See Crawfish.
AOstar6board (?), adv. (Naut.) Over to the starboard side; P said of the tiller.
AOstart6 (?), v. t. & i. Same as Astert. [Obs.] X AsOtar6te (?), n. [Gr. ? a Ph?nician goddess.] (Zol.) A genus of bivalve mollusks, common on the coasts of America and Europe.
AOstate6 (?), n. Estate; state. [Obs.] Chaucer.
AOstat6ic (?), a. [Pref. aO not + static.] (Magnetism) Having little or no tendency to take a fixed or definite position or direction: thus, a suspended magnetic needle, when rendered astatic, loses its polarity, or tendency to point in a given direction.
w pair (Magnetism), a pair of magnetic needles so mounted as to be nearly or quite ~, as in some galvanometers. AOstat6icOalOly (?), adv. In an astatic manner. AOstat6iOcism (?), n. The state of being astatic. AOstay6 (?), adv. (Naut.) An anchor is said to be astay, in heaving it, an acute angle is formed between the cable and the surface of the water.
As6teOism (?), n. [Gr. ? refined and witty talk, fr. ? of the town, polite, witty, fr. ? city: cf. F. astisme.] (Rhet.) Genteel irony; a polite and ingenious manner of deriding another.
As6tel (?), n. [OE. astelle piece of wood, OF. astele splinter, shaving, F. attelle, astelle: cf. L. astula, dim. of assis board.] (Mining) An arch, or ceiling, of boards, placed over the men’s heads in a mine.
As6ter (?), n. [L. aster aster, star, Gr. ? star. See Star.] 1. (Bot.) A genus of herbs with compound white or bluish flowers; starwort; Michaelmas daisy.
2. (Floriculture) A plant of the genus Callistephus. Many varieties (called China asters, German asters, etc.) are cultivated for their handsome compound flowers. X AsOte6riOas (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. ? starred, fr. ? star.] (Zol.) A genus of echinoderms.
5 Formerly the group of this name included nearly all starfishes and ophiurans. Now it is restricted to a genus including the commonest shore starfishes. AsOte6riOa7ted (?), a. [See Asterias.] Radiated, with diverging rays; as, asteriated sapphire. As7terOid6iOan (?), a. (Zol.) Of or pertaining to the Asterioidea. P n. A starfish; one of the Asterioidea. X AsOte7riOoid6eOa (?), X As7terOid6eOa (?), } n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. ? + Ooid. See Asterias.] (Zol.) A class of Echinodermata including the true starfishes. The rays vary in number and always have ambulacral grooves below. The body is starshaped or pentagonal.
X AsOte6riOon (?), n. [Gr. ? starry.] (Anat.) The point on the side of the skull where the lambdoid, parietoPmastoid and occipitoPmastoid sutures.
X As7terOis6cus (?), n. [L., an asterisk. See Asterisk.] (Anat.) The smaller of the two otoliths found in the inner ear of many fishes.
As6terOisk (?), n. [L. asteriscus, Gr. ?, dim. of ? star. See Aster.] The figure of a star, thus, ?, used in printing and writing as a reference to a passage or note in the margin, to supply the omission of letters or words, or to mark a word or phrase as having a special character. As7terOism (?), n. [Gr. ?, fr. ? star; cf. F. astrisme.] 1. (Astron.) (a) A constellation. [Obs.] (b) A small cluster of stars.
2. (Printing) (a) An asterisk, or mark of reference. [R.] (b) Three asterisks placed in this manner, ???, to direct attention to a particular passage.
3. (Crystallog.) An optical property of some crystals which exhibit a starPshaped by reflected light, as star sapphire, or by transmitted light, as some mica.
AOstern6 (?), adv. [Pref. aO + stern.] (Naut.) 1. In or at the hinder part of a ship; toward the hinder part, or stern; backward; as, to go astern.
2. Behind a ship; in the rear. =A gale of wind right astern.8 De Foe. =Left this strait astern.8 Drake. To bake ~, to go stern foremost. P To be ~ of the reckoning, to be behind the position given by the reckoning. P To drop ~, to fall or be left behind. P To go ~, to go backward, as from the action of currents or winds.
AOster6nal (?), a. [Pref. aO not + sternal.] (Anat.) Not sternal; P said of ribs which do not join the sternum. As6terOoid (?), n. [Gr. ? starlike, starry; ? star + ? form: cf. F. astro de. See Aster.] A starlike body; esp. one of the numerous small planets whose orbits lie between those of Mars and Jupiter; P called also planetoids and minor planets.
As7terOoid6al (?), a. Of or pertaining to an asteroid, or to the asteroids.
X As7teOrol6eOpis (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. ? star + ? scale.] (Paleon.) A genus of fishes, some of which were eighteen or twenty feet long, found in a fossil state in the Old Red Sandstone.
Hugh Miller.
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As7terOoph6ylOlite (?), n. [Gr. ? star + ? leaf.] (Paleon.) A fossil plant from the coal formations of Europe and America, now regarded as the branchlets and foliage of calamites.
AOstert (?), v. t. [Pref. aO + start; OE. asterten, asturten.] To start up; to befall; to escape; to shun. [Obs.]
Spenser.
AOstert6, v. i. To escape. [Obs.]
Chaucer.
X As7theOni6a (?), As6theOny (?), } n. [NL. asthenia, Gr. ?; ? priv. + ? strength.] (Med.) Want or loss of strength; debility; diminution of the vital forces. AsOthen6ic (?), a. [Gr. ?; ? priv. + ? strength.] (Med.) Characterized by, or pertaining to, debility; weak; debilitating.
X As7theOno6piOa (?), n. [Gr. ? priv. + ? strength + ? eye.] Weakness of sight. Quain. P As7theOnop6ic (?), a. Asth6ma (?; 277), n. [Gr. ? shortPdrawn breath, fr. ? to blow, for ?: cf. Skr. v>, Goth. waian, to blow, E. wind.] (Med.) A disease, characterized by difficulty of breathing (due to a spasmodic contraction of the bronchi), recurring at intervals, accompanied with a wheezing sound, a sense of constriction in the chest, a cough, and expectoration. AsthOmat6ic (?), AsthOmat6icOal (?), } a. [L. asthmaticus, Gr. ?.] Of or pertaining to asthma; as, an asthmatic cough; liable to, or suffering from, asthma; as, an asthmatic patient. P AsthOmat6icOalOly, adv.
AsthOmat6ic, n. A person affected with asthma. As7tigOmat6ic (?), a. (Med. & Opt.) Affected with, or pertaining to, astigmatism; as, astigmatic eyes; also, remedying astigmatism; as, astigmatic lenses. AOstig6maOtism (?), n. [Gr. ? priv. + ?, ?, a prick of a pointed instrument, a spot, fr. ? to prick: cf. F. astigmatisme.] (Med. & Opt.) A defect of the eye or of a lens, in consequence of which the rays derived from one point are not brought to a single focal point, thus causing imperfect images or indistictness of vision. 5 The term is applied especially to the defect causing images of lines having a certain direction to be indistinct, or imperfectly seen, while those of lines transverse to the former are distinct, or clearly seen.
AsOtip6uOlate (?), v. i. [L. astipulari; ad + stipulari to stipulate.] To assent. [Obs.]
Bp. Hall.
AsOtip7uOla6tion (?), n. [L. astipulatio.] Stipulation; agreement. [Obs.]
Bp. Hall.
AOstir6 (?), adv. & a. [Pref. aO + stir.] Stirring; in a state of activity or motion; out of bed. AOstom6aOtous (?), As6toOmous (?), } a. [Gr. ? priv. + ?, ?, mouth.] Not possessing a mouth.
AsOton6 (?), AsOtone6 (?), } v. t. [imp. & p. p. Astoned, Astond, or Astound.] [See Astonish.] To stun; to astonish; to stupefy. [Obs.]
Chaucer.
AsOton6ied (?), p. p. Stunned; astonished. See Astony. [Archaic]
And I astonied fell and could not pray. Mrs. Browning.
AsOton6ish (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Astonished (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Astonishing.] [OE. astonien, astunian, astonen, OF. estoner, F. tonner, fr. L. ex out + tonare to thunder, but perhaps influenced by E. stun. See Thunder, Astound, Astony.] 1. To stun; to render senseless, as by a blow. [Obs.]
Enough, captain; you have astonished him. [Fluellen had struck Pistol.]
Shak.
The very crampPfish [i. e., torpedo]… being herself not benumbed, is able to astonish others.
Holland.
2. To strike with sudden fear, terror, or wonder; to amaze; to surprise greatly, as with something unaccountable; to confound with some sudden emotion or passion. Musidorus… had his wits astonished with sorrow. Sidney.
I, Daniel… was astonished at the vision. Dan. viii. 27.
Syn. – To amaze; astound; overwhelm; surprise. P Astonished, Surprised. We are surprised at what is unexpected. We are astonished at what is above or beyond our comprehension. We are taken by surprise. We are struck with astonishment. C. J. Smith. See Amaze.
AsOton6ishOedOly (?), adv. In an astonished manner. [R.] Bp. Hall.
AsOton6ishOing, a. Very wonderful; of a nature to excite astonishment; as, an astonishing event.
Syn. – Amazing; surprising; wonderful; marvelous. P AsOton6ishOingOly, adv. P AsOton6ishOingOness, n. AsOton6ishOment (?), n. [Cf. OF. est?nnement, F. tonnement.] 1. The condition of one who is stunned. Hence: Numbness; loss of sensation; stupor; loss of sense. [Obs.] A coldness and astonishment in his loins, as folk say. Holland.
2. Dismay; consternation. [Archaic] Spenser.
3. The overpowering emotion excited when something unaccountable, wonderful, or dreadful is presented to the mind; an intense degree of surprise; amazement. Lest the place
And my quaint habits breed astonishment. Milton.
4. The object causing such an emotion. Thou shalt become an astonishment.
Deut. xxviii. 37.
Syn. – Amazement; wonder; surprise. AsOto6y (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Astonied (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Astonying. See Astone.] To stun; to bewilder; to astonish; to dismay. [Archaic]
The captain of the Helots… strake Palladius upon the side of his head, that he reeled astonied.
Sir P. Sidney.
This sodeyn cas this man astonied so, That reed he wex, abayst, and al quaking. Chaucer.
AOstoop6 (?), adv. [Pref. aO + stoop.] In a stooping or inclined position.
Gay.
AsOtound6 (?), a. [OE. astouned, astound, astoned, p. p. of astone. See Astone.] Stunned; astounded; astonished. [Archaic]
Spenser.
Thus Ellen, dizzy and astound.
As sudden ruin yawned around.
Sir W. Scott.
AsOtound6, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Astounded, Obs. Astound; p. pr. & vb. n. Astounding.] [See Astound, a.] 1. To stun; to stupefy.
No puissant stroke his senses once astound. Fairfax.
2. To astonish; to strike with amazement; to confound with wonder, surprise, or fear.
These thoughts may startle well, but not astound The virtuous mind.
Milton.
AsOtound6ing, a. Of a nature to astound; astonishing; amazing; as, an astounding force, statement, or fact. P AsOfound6ingOly, adv.
AsOfound6ment (?), n. Amazement.
Coleridge.
As7traOchan6 (?), a. & n. See Astrakhan. AOstrad6dle (?), adv. [Pref. aO + straddle.] In a straddling position; astride; bestriding; as, to sit astraddle a horse. AsOtr6an (?), a. [Gr. ? starry.] (Zol.) Pertaining to the genus Astra or the family Astrid. P n. A coral of the family Astrid; a star coral.
As6traOgal (?), n. [L. astragalus, Gr. ? the ankle bone, a molding in the capital of the Ionic column.] 1. (Arch.) A convex molding of rounded surface, generally from half to three quarters of a circle.
2. (Gun.) A round molding encircling a cannon near the mouth.
AsOtrag6aOlar (?), a. (Anat.) Of or pertaining to the astragalus.
AsOtrag6aOloid (?), a. [Astragalus + Ooid.] (Anat.) Resembling the astragalus in form.
AsOtrag6aOloOman7cy (?), n. [Gr. ? ankle bone, die + Omancy.] Divination by means of small bones or dice. X AsOtrag6aOlus (?), n. [L. See Astragal.] 1. (Anat.) The ankle bone, or hock bone; the bone of the tarsus which articulates with the tibia at the ankle. 2. (Bot.) A genus of papilionaceous plants, of the tribe Galege, containing numerous species, two of which are called, in English, milk vetch and licorice vetch. Gum tragacanth is obtained from different oriental species, particularly the A. gummifer and A. verus. 3. (Arch.) See Astragal, 1.
As7traOkhan6 (?), a. Of or pertaining to w in Russia or its products; made of an w skin. P n. The skin of stillborn or young lambs of that region, the curled wool of which resembles fur.
As6tral (?), a. [L. astralis, fr. astrum star, Gr. ?: cf. F. astral. See Star.] Pertaining to, coming from, or resembling, the stars; starry; starlike. Shines only with an astral luster.
I. Taylor.
Some astral forms I must invoke by prayer. Dryden.
w lamp, an Argand lamp so constructed that no shadow is cast upon the table by the flattened ringPshaped reservoir in which the oil is contained. P w spirits, spirits formerly supposed to live in the heavenly bodies or the a rial regions, and represented in the Middle Ages as fallen angels, spirits of the dead, or spirits originating in fire. AOstrand6 (?), adv. & a. [Pref. aO + strand.] Stranded. Sir W. Scott.
AOstray6 (?), adv. & a. [See Estray, Stray.] Out of the right, either in a literal or in a figurative sense; wandering; as, to lead one astray.
Ye were as sheep going astray.
1 Pet. ii. 25.
AsOtrict6 (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Astricted;p. pr. & vb. n. Astricting.] [L. astrictus, p. p. of astringere. See Astringe.] 1. To bind up; to confine; to constrict; to contract.
The solid parts were to be relaxed or astricted. Arbuthnot.
2. To bind; to constrain; to restrict; to limit. [R.] The mind is astricted to certain necessary modes or forms of thought.
Sir W. Hamilton.
3. (Scots Law) To restrict the tenure of; as, to astrict lands. See Astriction, 4.
Burrill.
AsOtrict6, a. Concise; contracted. [Obs.] Weever.
AsOtric6tion (?), n. [L. astrictio.] 1. The act of binding; restriction; also, obligation.
Milton.
2. (Med.) (a) A contraction of parts by applications; the action of an astringent substance on the animal economy. Dunglison. (b) Constipation.
Arbuthnot.
3. Astringency. [Obs.]
Bacon.
4. (Scots Law) An obligation to have the grain growing on certain lands ground at a certain mill, the owner paying a toll.
Bell.
5 The lands were said to be astricted to the mill. AsOtric6tive (?), a. Binding; astringent. P n. An astringent. P AsOtric6tiveOly, adv.
AsOtric6toOry (?), a. Astrictive. [R.] AOstride6 (?), adv. [Pref. aO + stride.] With one leg on each side, as a man when on horseback; with the legs stretched wide apart; astraddle.
Placed astride upon the bars of the palisade. Sir W. Scott.
Glasses with horn bows sat astride on his nose. Longfellow.
AsOtrif6erOous (?), a. [L. astrifer; astrum star + ferre to bear.] Bearing stars. [R.]
Blount.
AsOtringe6 (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Astringed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Astringing (?).] [L. astringere; ad + stringere to draw tight. Cf. Astrict, and see Strain, v. t.] 1. To bind fast; to constrict; to contract; to cause parts to draw together; to compress.
Which contraction… astringeth the moistu?? ? br?? and thereby sendeth tears into the eyes.
Bacon.
2. To bind by moral or legal obligation. Wolsey.
AsOtrin6genOcy (?), n. The quality of being astringent; the power of contracting the parts of the body; that quality in medicines or other substances which causes contraction of the organic textures; as, the astringency of tannin. AsOtrin6gent (?), a. [L. astringens, p. pr. of astringere: cf. F. astringent. See Astringe.] 1. Drawing together the tissues; binding; contracting; P opposed to laxative; as, astringent medicines; a butter and astringent taste; astringent fruit.
2. Stern; austere; as, an astringent type of virtue. AsOtrin6gent, n. A medicine or other substance that produces contraction in the soft organic textures, and checks discharges of blood, mucus, etc.
External astringents are called styptics. Dunglison.
AsOtrin6gentOly, adv. In an astringent manner. AsOtrin6ger (?),n. [OE. ostreger, OF. ostrucier, F. autoursier, fr. OF. austour, ostor, hawk, F. autour; cf. L. acceptor, for accipiter, hawk.] A falconer who keeps a goschawk. [Obs.] Shak. Cowell. [Written also austringer.] As6troO (?). The combining form of the Greek word ?, meaning star.
As6troOfel, As6troOfell } (?), n. A bitter herb, probably the same as aster, or starwort.
Spenser.
AsOtrog6eOny (?), n. [AstroO + Gr. ? birth.] The creation or evolution of the stars or the heavens.
H. Spencer.
AsOtrog6noOsy (?), n. [AstroO + Gr. ? knowledge.] The science or knowledge of the stars, esp. the fixed stars. Bouvier.
AsOtrog6oOny (?), n. Same as Astrogeny. P As7OtroOgon6ic (?), a.
AsOtrog6raOphy (?), n. [AstroO + Ography.] The art of describing or delineating the stars; a description or mapping of the heavens.
As6troOite (?), n. [L. astroites: cf. F. astroite.] A radiated stone or fossil; starPstone. [Obs.] [Written also astrite and astrion.]
As6troOlabe (?), n. [OE. astrolabie, astrilabe, OF. astrelabe, F. astrolabe, LL. astrolabium, fr. Gr. ?; ? star + ?, ?, to take.] 1. (Astron.) An instrument for observing or showing the positions of the stars. It is now disused. 5 Among the ancients, it was essentially the armillary sphere. A graduated circle with sights, for taking altitudes at sea, was called an astrolabe in the 18th century. It is now superseded by the quadrant and sextant. 2. A stereographic projection of the sphere on the plane of a great circle, as the equator, or a meridian; a planisphere.
Whewell.
AsOtrol6aOter (?), n. A worshiper of the stars. Morley.
AsOtrol6aOtry (?), n. [AstroO + Gr. ? service, worship: cf. F. astroltrie.] The worship of the stars. As7troOliOthol6oOgy (?), n. [AstroO + lithology.] The science of a rolites.
AsOtrol6oOger (?), n. [See Astrology.] 1. One who studies the stars; an astronomer. [Obs.]
2. One who practices astrology; one who professes to foretell events by the aspects and situation of the stars. As7troOlo6giOan (?), n. [OF. astrologien.] An astrologer. [Obs.]
As7troOlog6ic (?), As7troOlog6icOal (?), } a. [Gr. ?.] Of or pertaining to astrology; professing or practicing astrology. =Astrologi? learning.8 Hudibras. =Astrological prognostication.8 Cudworth. P As7troOlog6icOalOly, adv. AsOtrol6oOgize (?), v. t. & i. To apply astrology to; to study or practice astrology.
AsOtrol6oOgy (?), n. [F. astrologie, L. astrologia, fr. Gr. ?, fr. ? astronomer, astrologer; ? star + ? discourse, ? to speak. See Star.] In its etymological signification, the science of the stars; among the ancients, synonymous with astronomy; subsequently, the art of judging of the influences of the stars upon human affairs, and of foretelling events by their position and aspects. 5 Astrology was much in vogue during the Middle Ages, and became the parent of modern astronomy, as alchemy did of chemistry. It was divided into two kinds: judicial astrology, which assumed to foretell the fate and acts of nations and individuals, and natural astrology, which undertook to predict events of inanimate nature, such as changes of the weather, etc.
As7troOman6tic (?), a. [Gr. ? astrology.] Of or pertaining to divination by means of the stars; astrologic. [R.] Dr. H. More.
As7troOme7teOorOol6oOgy (?), n. [AstroO + meteorology.] The investigation of the relation between the sun, moon, and stars, and the weather. P As7OtroOme7teOor7oOlog6icOal (?), a. P As7troOme7teOorOol6oOgist (?), n.
AsOtrom6eOter (?), n. [AstroO + Ometer.] An instrument for comparing the relative amount of the light of stars. AsOtrom6eOtry (?), n. [AstroO + Ometry.] The art of making measurements among the stars, or of determining their relative magnitudes.
AsOtron6oOmer (?), n. [See Astronomy.] 1. An astrologer. [Obs.]
Shak.
2. One who is versed in astronomy; one who has a knowledge of the laws of the heavenly orbs, or the principles by which their motions are regulated, with their various phenomena. An undevout astronomer is mad.
Young.
As7troOno6miOan (?), n. [OE. & OF. astronomien. See Astronomy.] An astrologer. [Obs.]
As7troOnom6ic (?), a. Astronomical.
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As7troOnom6icOal (?), a. [L. astronomicus, Gr. ?: cf. F. astronomique.] Of or pertaining to astronomy; in accordance with the methods or principles of astronomy. P As7troOnom6icOalOly, adv.
w clock. See under Clock. P w day. See under Clock. P w day. See under Day. P w fractions, w numbers. See under Sexagesimal.
AsOtron6oOmize , v. i. [Gr. ?.] To study or to talk astronomy. [R.]
They astronomized in caves.
Sir T. Browne.
AsOtron6oOmy (?), n. [OE. astronomie, F. astronomie, L. astronomia, fr. Gr. ?, fr. ? astronomer; ? star + ? to distribute, regulate. See Star, and Nomad.] 1. Astrology. [Obs.]
Not from the stars do I my judgment pluck; And yet methinks I have astronomy.
Shak.
2. The science which treats of the celestial bodies, of their magnitudes, motions, distances, periods of revolution, eclipses, constitution, physical condition, and of the causes of their various phenomena.
3. A treatise on, or textPbook of, the science. Physical ~. See under Physical.
As6troOphel (?), n. See Astrofel.[Obs.] As7troOphoOtog6raOphy (?), n. [AstroO + photography.] The application of photography to the delineation of the sun, moon, and stars.
As7troOphys6icOal (?), a. Pertaining to the physics of astronomical science.
X AsOtroph6yOton (?), n. [AstroO + Gr. ? a plant.] (Zol.) A genus of ophiurans having the arms much branched. As6troOscope (?), n. [AstroO + scope.] An old astronomical instrument, formed of two cones, on whose surface the constellations were delineated.
AsOtros6coOpy (?), n. Observation of the stars. [Obs.] As7troOtheOol6OoOgy (?), n. [AstroO + theology.] Theology founded on observation or knowledge of the celestial bodies. Derham.
AOstruc6tive (?), a. [L. astructus, p. p. of astruere to build up; ad + struere to build.] Building up; constructive; P opposed to destructive.[Obs.]
AOstrut6 (?), a. & adv. 1. Sticking out, or puffed out; swelling; in a swelling manner. [Archaic] Inflated and astrut with selfPconceit.
Cowper.
2. In a strutting manner; with a strutting gait. AsOtu6cious (?), a. [F. astucieux. See Astute.] Subtle; cunning; astute. [R.] Sir W. Scott. P AsOtu6ciousOly, adv. [R.]
AsOtu6ciOty (?), n. [See Astucious.] Craftiness; astuteness. [R.]
Carlyle.
AOstun6 (?), v. t. [See Astony, Stun.] To stun. [Obs.] =Breathless and astunned.8
Somerville.
AsOtu6riOan (?), a. Of or pertaining to Asturias in Spain. P n. A native of Asturias.
AsOtute6 (?), a. [L. astutus, fr. astus craft, cunning; perh. cognate with E. acute.] Critically discerning; sagacious; shrewd; subtle; crafty.
Syn. – Keen; eaglePeyed; penetrating; skilled; discriminating; cunning; sagacious; subtle; wily; crafty. P AsOtute6ly, adv. P AsOtute6ness, n.
AOsty6lar (?), a. [Gr. ? priv. + ? pillar.] (arch.) Without columns pr pilasters.
Weale.
AOstyl6len (?), n. (Mining) A small dam to prevent free passage of water in an adit or level.
AOsun6der (?), adv. [Pref. aO + sunder.] Apart; separate from each other; into parts; in two; separately; into or in different pieces or places.
I took my staff, even Beauty, and cut it asunder. Zech. xi. 10.
As wide asunder as pole and pole.
Froude.
X AOsu6ra (?), n. (Hind. Myth.) An enemy of the gods, esp. one of a race of demons and giants.
X As6wail (?), n. [Native name.] (Zol.) The sloth bear (Melursus labiatus) of India.
AOswewe6 (?), v. t. [AS. aswebban; a + swebban. See Sweven.] To stupefy. [Obs.]
Chaucer.
AOswing6 (?), adv. In a state of swinging. AOswoon6 (?), adv. In a swoon.
Chaucer.
AOswooned6 (?), adv. In a swoon.
AOsy6lum (?), n.; pl. E. Asylums (?), L. Asyla (?). [L. asylum, Gr. ?, fr. ? exempt from spoliation, inviolable; ? priv. + ? right of seizure.] 1. A sanctuary or place of refuge and protection, where criminals and debtors found shelter, and from which they could not be forcibly taken without sacrilege.
So sacred was the church to some, that it had the right of an asylum or sanctuary.
Ayliffe.
5 The name was anciently given to temples, altars, statues of the gods, and the like. In later times Christian churches were regarded as asylums in the same sense. 2. Any place of retreat and security.
Earth has no other asylum for them than its own cold bosom. Southey.
3. An institution for the protection or relief of some class of destitute, unfortunate, or afflicted persons; as, an asylum for the aged, for the blind, or for the insane; a lunatic asylum; an orphan asylum.
AOsym6meOtral (?), a. Incommensurable; also, unsymmetrical. [Obs.]
D. H. More.
As7ymOmet6ric (?), As7ymOmet6riOcal (?), } a. [See Asymmetrous.] 1. Incommensurable. [Obs.] 2. Not symmetrical; wanting proportion; esp., not bilaterally symmetrical.
Huxley.
AOsym6meOtrous (?), a. [Gr. ?.] Asymmetrical. [Obs.] Barrow.
AOsym6meOtry (?), n. [Gr. ?; ? priv. + ? symmetry.] 1. Want of symmetry, or proportion between the parts of a thing, esp. want of bilateral symmetry.
2. (Math.) Incommensurability. [Obs.] Barrow.
As6ympOtote (?; 215), n. [Gr. ? not falling together; ? priv. + ? to fall together; ? with + ? to fall. Cf. Symptom.] (Math.) A line which approaches nearer to some curve than assignable distance, but, though infinitely extended, would never meet it. Asymptotes may be straight lines or curves. A rectilinear asymptote may be conceived as a tangent to the curve at an infinite distance. As7ympOtot6ic (?), As7ympOtot6icOal (?), } a. Pertaining to, or partaking of the nature of, an asymptote; as, asymptotical lines, surfaces, or planes. P As7ympOtot6icOly, adv.
AOsyn6arOtete7 (?), a. [Gr. ? not united, disconnected; ? priv. + ? with + ? to fasten to.] Disconnected; not fitted or adjusted. P AOsyn6arOtet6ic (?), a.
w verse (Pros.), a verse of two members, having different rhythms; as when the first consists of iambuses and the second of trochees.
As7ynOdet6ic (?), a. [See Asyndeton.] Characterized by the use of asyndeton; not connected by conjunctions. P As7ynOdet6icOalOly, adv.
AOsyn6deOton (?), n. [L., fr. Gr. ?, fr. ? unconnected; ? priv. + ? bound together, fr. ?; ? with + ? to bind.] (Rhet.) A figure which omits the connective; as, I came, I saw, I conquered. It stands opposed to polysyndeton. AOsys6toOle (?)(?), n. [Pref. aO not + systole.] (Physiol.) A weakening or cessation of the contractile power of the heart.
AOsys6toOlism (?), n. The state or symptoms characteristic of asystole.
At (?), prep. [AS. t; akin to OHG. az, Goth., OS., & Icel. at, Sw. t, Dan. & L. ad.] Primarily, this word expresses the relations of presence, nearness in place or time, or direction toward; as, at the ninth hour; at the house; to aim at a mark. It is less definite than in or on; at the house may be in or near the house. From this original import are derived all the various uses of at. It expresses: P 1. A relation of proximity to, or of presence in or on, something; as, at the door; at your shop; at home; at school; at hand; at sea and on land.
2. The relation of some state or condition; as, at war; at peace; at ease; at your service; at fault; at liberty; at risk; at disadvantage.
3. The relation of some employment or action; occupied with; as, at engraving; at husbandry; at play; at work; at meat (eating); except at puns.
4. The relation of a point or position in a series, or of degree, rate, or value; as, with the thermometer at 800; goods sold at a cheap price; a country estimated at 10,000 square miles; life is short at the longest. 5. The relations of time, age, or order; as, at ten o’clock; at twentyPone; at once; at first.
6. The relations of source, occasion, reason, consequence, or effect; as, at the sight; at this news; merry at anything; at this declaration; at his command; to demand, require, receive, deserve, endure at your hands. 7. Relation of direction toward an object or end; as, look at it; to point at one; to aim at a mark; to throw, strike, shoot, wink, mock, laugh at any one.
At all, At home, At large, At last, At length, At once, etc. See under All, Home, Large, Last (phrase and syn.), Length, Once, etc. P At it, busily or actively engaged. P At least. See Least and However. P At one. See At one, in the Vocabulary.
Syn. – In, At. When reference to the interior of any place is made prominent in is used. It is used before the names of countries and cities (esp. large cities); as, we live in America, in New York, in the South. At is commonly employed before names of houses, institutions, villages, and small places; as, Milton was educated at Christ’s College; money taken in at the Customhouse; I saw him at the jeweler’s; we live at Beachville. At may be used before the name of a city when it is regarded as a mere point of locality. =An English king was crowned at Paris.8 Macaulay. =Jean Jacques Rousseau was born at Geneva, June, 28, 1712.8 J. Morley. In regard to time, we say at the hour, on the day, in the year; as, at 9 o’clock, on the morning of July 5th, in the year 1775.
At6aObal (?), n. [Sp. atabal, fr. Ar. atPtabl the drum, tabala to beat the drum. Cf. Tymbal.] A kettledrum; a kind of tabor, used by the Moors. Croly.
AOtac6aOmite (?), n. [From the desert of Atacama, where found.] (Min.) An oxychloride of copper, usually in emeraldPgreen prismatic crystals.
At7aft6er (?), prep. After. [Obs.]
Chaucer.
At6aOghan (?), n. See Yataghan.
AOtake6 (?), v. t. To overtake. [Obs.] Chaucer.
At6aOman (?), n. [Russ. ataman’: cf. Pol. hetman, G. hauptmann headman, chieftain. Cf. Hetman.] A hetman, or chief of the Cossacks.
X At7aOrax6iOa (?), At6aOrax7y (?), } n. [NL. ataraxia, Gr. ?; ? priv. + ? disturbed, ? to disturb.] Perfect peace of mind, or calmness.
AOtaunt6 (?), AOtaunt6o (?), } adv. [F. autant as much (as possible).] (Naut.) Fully rigged, as a vessel; with all sails set; set on end or set right.
AOtav6ic (?), a. [Cf. F. atavique.] Pertaining to a remote ancestor, or to atavism.
At6aOvism (?), n. [L. atavus an ancestor, fr. avus a grandfather.] (a) The recurrence, or a tendency to a recurrence, of the original type of a species in the progeny of its varieties; resemblance to remote rather than to near ancestors; reversion to the original form. (b) (Biol.) The recurrence of any peculiarity or disease of an ancestor in a subsequent generation, after an intermission for a generation or two.
Now and then there occur cases of what physiologists call atavism, or reversion to an ancestral type of character. J. Fiske.
X AOtax6iOa (?), At6axOy (?), } n. [NL. ataxia, Gr. ?, fr. ? out of order; ? priv. + ? ordered, arranged, ? to put in order: cf. F. ataxie.] 1. Disorder; irregularity. [Obs.] Bp. Hall.
2. (Med.) (a) Irregularity in disease, or in the functions. (b) The state of disorder that characterizes nervous fevers and the nervous condition.
Locomotor ataxia. See Locomotor.
AOtax6ic (?), a. [Cf. F. ataxique. See Ataxia.] (Med.) Characterized by ataxy, that is, (a) by great irregularity of functions or symptoms, or (b) by a want of coordinating power in movements.
w fever, malignant typhus fever.
Pinel.
At7aOzir6 (?), n. [OF., fr. Ar. alPtasFr influence.] (Astron.) The influence of a star upon other stars or upon men. [Obs.]
Chaucer.
Ate (?; 277), the preterit of Eat.
A6te (?), n. [Gr. ?.] (Greek. Myth.) The goddess of mischievous folly; also, in later poets, the goddess of vengeance.
Oate (?). [From the L. suffix Oatus, the past participle ending of verbs of the 1st conj.] 1. As an ending of participles or participial adjectives it is equivalent to Oed; as, situate or situated; animate or animated. 2. As the ending of a verb, it means to make, to cause, to act, etc.; as, to propitiate (to make propitious); to animate (to give life to).
3. As a noun suffix, it marks the agent; as, curate, delegate. It also sometimes marks the office or dignity; as, tribunate.
4. In chemistry it is used to denote the salts formed from those acids whose names end Oic (excepting binary or halogen acids); as, sulphate from sulphuric acid, nitrate from nitric acid, etc. It is also used in the case of certain basic salts.
AOtech6nic (?), a. [Pref. aO not + technic.] Without technical or artistic knowledge.
Difficult to convey to the atechnic reader. Etching & Engr.
X At6eOles (?), n. [Gr. ? incomplete; ? priv. + ? completion.] (Zol.) A genus of American monkeys with prehensile tails, and having the thumb wanting or rudimentary. See Spider monkey, and Coaita. X A7teOlier6 (?)(?) n. [F.] A workshop; a studio. AOtel6lan (?), a. [L. Atellanus, fr. Atella, an ancient town of the Osci, in Campania.] Of or pertaining to Atella, in ancient Italy; as, Atellan plays; farcical; ribald. P n. A farcical drama performed at Atella.
AOthal6aOmous (?), a. [Gr. ? priv. + ? nuptial bed.] (Bot.) Not furnished with shields or beds for the spores, as the thallus of certain lichens.
Ath6aOmaunt (?), n. Adamant. [Obs.] Written in the table of athamaunt.
Chaucer.
Ath7aOna6sian (?; 277), a. Of or pertaining to Athanasius, bishop of Alexandria in the 4th century. w creed, a formulary, confession, or exposition of faith, formerly supposed to have been drawn up by Athanasius; but this opinion is now rejected, and the composition is ascribed by some to Hilary, bishop of Arles (5th century). It is a summary of what was called the orthodox faith. Ath6aOnor (?), n. [F., fr. Ar. atOtann?r, fr. Heb. tann?r an oven or furnace.] A digesting furnace, formerly used by alchemists. It was so constructed as to maintain uniform and durable heat.
Chambers.
X Ath7eOca6ta (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. ? priv. + ? chest, box.] (Zol.) A division of Hydroidea in which the zooids are naked, or not inclosed in a capsule. See Tubularian. At6theOism (?), n. [Cf. F. athisme. See Atheist.] 1. The disbelief or denial of the existence of a God, or supreme intelligent Being.
Atheism is a ferocious system, that leaves nothing above us to excite awe, nor around us to awaken tenderness. R. Hall.
Atheism and pantheism are often wrongly confounded. Shipley.
2. Godlessness.
A6theOist, n. [Gr. ? without god; ? priv. + ? god: cf. F. athiste.] 1. One who disbelieves or denies the existence of a God, or supreme intelligent Being.
2. A godless person. [Obs.]
Syn. – Infidel; unbeliever.
See Infidel.
A7theOis6tic (?), A7theOis6ticOal (?), } a. 1. Pertaining to, implying, or containing, atheism; P applied to things; as, atheistic doctrines, opinions, or books. Atheistical explications of natural effects. Barrow.
2. Disbelieving the existence of a God; impious; godless; P applied to persons; as, an atheistic writer. P A7theOis6ticOalOly, adv. P A7theOis6ticOalOness, n. A6theOize (?), v. t. To render atheistic or godless. [R.] They endeavored to atheize one another.
Berkeley.
A6theOize, v. i. To discourse, argue, or act as an atheist. [R.] P A6theOi7zer (?), n.
Cudworth.
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Ath6elOing (?), n. [AS. ?eling noble, fr. ?ele noble, akin to G. adel nobility, edel noble. The word ?el, E. ethel, is in many AS. proper names, as Ethelwolf, noble wolf; Ethelbald, noble bold; Ethelbert, noble bright.] An AngloPSaxon prince or nobleman; esp., the heir apparent or a prince of the royal family. [Written also Adeling and theling.]
Ath7eOne6um, Ath7eOn6um } (?), n. pl. E. Atheneums (?), L. Athena (?). [L. Athenaemum, Gr. ? a temple of Minerva at Athens, fr. ?, contr. fr. ?, ?, in Homer ?, ?, Athene (called Minerva by the Romans), the tutelary goddess of Athens.] 1. (Gr. Antiq.) A temple of Athene, at Athens, in which scholars and poets were accustomed to read their works and instruct students.
2. A school founded at Rome by Hadrian. 3. A literary or scientific association or club. 4. A building or an apartment where a library, periodicals, and newspaper? are kept for use.
AOthe6niOan (?), a. [Cf. F. Athnien.] Of or pertaining to Athens, the metropolis of Greece. P n. A native or citizen of Athens.
A7theOoOlog6icOal (?), a. Opposed to theology; atheistic. Bp. Montagu.
A7theOol6oOgy (?), n. [Pref. aO not + theology.] Antagonism to theology.
Swift.
A6theOous (?), a. [Gr. ? without God. See Atheist.] 1. Atheistic; impious. [Obs.]
Milton.
2. Without God, neither accepting nor denying him. I should say science was atheous, and therefore could not be atheistic.
Bp. of Carlisle.
Ath6erOine (?), n. [NL. atherina, fr. Gr. ? a kind of smelt.] (Zol.) A small marine fish of the family Atherinid,having a silvery stripe along the sides. The European species (Atherina presbyter) is used as food. The American species (Menidia notata) is called silversides and sand smelt. See Silversides.
AOther6manOcy (?), n. [See Athermanous.] Inability to transmit radiant; impermeability to heat. Tyndall.
AOther6maOnous (?), a. [Gr. ? priv. + ? to heat, ? heat: cf. F. athermane.] (Chem.) Not transmitting heat; P opposed to diathermanous.
AOther6mous (?), a. (Chem.) Athermanous. Ath6erOoid (?), a. [Gr. ?, ?, a beard, or an ear, of grain + Ooid.] Shaped like an ear of grain.
X Ath7eOro6ma (?), n. [L., fr. Gr. ?, ?, fr. ? gr?ats, meal.] (Med.) (a) An encysted tumor containing curdy matter. (b) A disease characterized by thickening and fatty degeneration of the inner coat of the arteries. Ath7eOrom6aOtous (?), a. (Med.) Of, pertaining to, or having the nature of, atheroma.
Wiseman.
X Ath7eOto6sis (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. ? not fixed; ? priv. + ? to set.] (Med.) A variety of chorea, marked by peculiar tremors of the fingers and toes.
AOthink6 (?), v. t. To repent; to displease; to disgust. [Obs.]
Chaucer.
AOthirst6 (?), a. [OE. ofthurst, AS. ofpyrsted, p. p. of ofpyrstan; pref. ofO, intensive + pyrstan to thirst. See Thirst.] 1. Wanting drink; thirsty.
2.Having a keen appetite or desire; eager; longing. =Athirst for battle.8
Cowper.
Ath6lete (?), n. [L. athleta, Gr. ? prizefighter, fr. ? to contend for a prize, ?, Hom. ?, contest, ? prize; fr. the same root as E. wed: cf. F. athl
te.] 1. (Antiq.) One who
contended for a prize in the public games of ancient Greece or Rome.
2. Any one trained to contend in exercises requiring great physical agility and strength; one who has great activity and strength; a champion.
3. One fitted for, or skilled in, intellectual contests; as, athletes of debate.
Ath7let6ic (?), a. [L. athleticus, Gr. ?. See Athlete.] 1. Of or pertaining to athletes or to the exercises practiced by them; as, athletic games or sports.
2. Befitting an athlete; strong; muscular; robust; vigorous; as, athletic Celts. =Athletic soundness.8 South. P AthOlet6icOalOly (?), adv.
AthOlet6iOcism (?), n. The practice of engaging in athletic games; athletism.
AthOlet6ics (?), n. The art of training by athletic exercises; the games and sports of athletes. Ath6leOtism (?), n. The state or practice of an athlete; the characteristics of an athlete.
AOthwart6 (?), prep. [Pref. aO + thwart.] 1. Across; from side to side of.
Athwart the thicket lone.
Tennyson.
2. (Naut.) Across the direction or course of; as, a fleet standing athwart our course.
w hawse, across the stem of another vessel, whether in contact or at a small distance. P w ships, across the ship from side to side, or in that direction; P opposed to fore and aft.
AOthwart6, adv. 1. Across, especially in an oblique direction; sidewise; obliquely.
Sometimes athwart, sometimes he strook him straight. Spenser.
2. Across the course; so as to thwart; perversely. All athwart there came
A post from Wales loaden with heavy news. Shak.
AOtilt6 (?), adv. [Pref. aO + tilt.] 1. In the manner of a tilter; in the position, or with the action, of one making a thrust. =To run atilt at men.8 Hudibras. 2. In the position of a cask tilted, or with one end raised. [In this sense sometimes used as an adjective.] Abroach, atilt, and run
Even to the lees of honor.
Beau. & Fl.
At6iOmy (?), n. [Gr. ?; ? priv. + ? honor.] (Gr. Antiq.) Public disgrace or stigma; infamy; loss of civil rights. Mitford.
Oa6tion (?). [L. Oationem. See Otion.] A suffix forming nouns of action, and often equivalent to the verbal substantive in Oing. It sometimes has the further meanings of state, and that which results from the action. Many of these nouns have verbs in Oate; as, alliterate Oation, narrate Oation; many are derived through the French; as, alteration, visitation; and many are formed on verbs ending in the Greek formative Oize (Fr. Oise); as, civilization, demoralization.
APtip6toe (?), adv. One tiptoe; eagerly expecting. We all feel aOtiptoe with hope and confidence. F. Harrison.
X AtOlan6ta (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. ?.] (Zol.) A genus of small glassy heteropod mollusks found swimming at the surface in mid ocean. See Heteropod.
AtOlan6tal (?), a. (Anat.) (a) Relating to the atlas. (b) Anterior; cephalic.
Barclay.
At7lanOte6an (?), a. [L. Atlant?us.] 1. Of or pertaining to the isle Atlantis, which the ancients allege was sunk, and overwhelmed by the ocean.
2. Pertaining to, or resembling, Atlas; strong. With Atlantean shoulders, fit to bear
The weight of mightiest monarchies. Milton.
X AtOlan6tes (?), n. pl. [L., fr. Gr. ?, pl. of ?. See Atlas.] (Arch.) Figures or half figures of men, used as columns to support an entablature; P called also telamones. See Caryatides.
Oxf. Gloss.
AtOlan6tic (?), a. [L. Atlanticus, fr. Atlas. See Atlas and Atlantes.] 1. Of or pertaining to Mt. Atlas in Libya, and hence applied to the ocean which lies between Europe and Africa on the east and America on the west; as, the Atlantic Ocean (called also the Atlantic); the Atlantic basin; the Atlantic telegraph.
2. Of or pertaining to the isle of Atlantis. 3. Descended from Atlas.
The seven Atlantic sisters.
Milton.
X AtOlan6tiOdes (?), n. pl. [L. See Atlantes.] The Pleiades or seven stars, fabled to have been the daughters of Atlas. At6las (?), n.; pl. Atlases (?). [L. Atlas, Oantis, Gr. ?, ?, one of the older family of gods, who bears up the pillars of heaven; also Mt. Atlas, in W. Africa, regarded as the pillar of heaven. It is from the root of ? to bear. See Tolerate.] 1. One who sustains a great burden. 2.(Anat.) The first vertebra of the neck, articulating immediately with the skull, thus sustaining the globe of the head, whence the name.
3. A collection of maps in a volume; P supposed to be so called from a picture of w supporting the world, prefixed to some collections. This name is said to have been first used by Mercator, the celebrated geographer, in the 16th century. 4. A volume of plates illustrating any subject. 5. A work in which subjects are exhibited in a tabular from or arrangement; as, an historical atlas. 6. A large, square folio, resembling a volume of maps; P called also atlas folio.
7. A drawing paper of large size. See under Paper, n. w powder, a nitroglycerin blasting compound of pasty consistency and great explosive power.
At6las, n. [Ar., smooth.] A rich kind of satin manufactured in India.
Brande & C.
At7miOdom6eOter (?), n. [Gr. ?, ?, smoke, vapor + Ometer; cf. F. atmidom
tre.] An instrument for measuring the evaporation from water, ice, or snow.
Brande & C.
At6mo (?), n. [Contr. fr. atmosphere.] (Physics) The standard atmospheric pressure used in certain physical measurements calculations; conventionally, that pressure under which the barometer stands at 760 millimeters, at a temperature of 00 Centigrade, at the level of the sea, and in the latitude of Paris.
Sir W. Thomson.
At7moOlog6ic (?), At7moOlog6icOal (?), } a. Of or pertaining to atmology. =Atmological laws of heat.8 Whewell.
AtOmol6oOgist (?), n. One who is versed in atmology. AtOmol6oOgy (?), n. [Gr. ? vapor + Ology.] (Physics) That branch of science which treats of the laws and phenomena of aqueous vapor.
Whewell.
AtOmol6yOsis (?), n. [Gr. ? vapor + ? a loosing, ? to loose.] (Chem.) The act or process of separating mingled gases of unequal diffusibility by transmission through porous substances.
At7molOyOza6tion , n. (Chem.) Separation by atmolysis. At6moOlyze (?), v. t. (Chem.) To subject to atmolysis; to separate by atmolysis.
At6moOly7zer (?), n. (Chem.) An apparatus for effecting atmolysis.
AtOmom6eOter (?), n. [Gr. ? smoke, vapor + Ometer: cf. F. atmom
tre.] An instrument for measuring the rate of evaporation from a moist surface; an evaporometer. Huxley.
At6mosOphere (?), n. [Gr. ? vapor (akin to Skr. >tman breath, soul, G. athem breath) + ? sphere: cf. F. atmosph
re. See Sphere.] 1. (Physics) (a) The whole mass of a riform fluid surrounding the earth; P applied also to the gaseous envelope of any celestial orb, or other body; as, the atmosphere of Mars. (b) Any gaseous envelope or medium. An atmosphere of cold oxygen.
Miller.
2. A supposed medium around various bodies; as, electrical atmosphere, a medium formerly supposed to surround electrical bodies.
Franklin.
3. The pressure or weight of the air at the sea level, on a unit of surface, or about 14.7 Ibs. to the sq. inch. Hydrogen was liquefied under a pressure of 650 atmospheres. Lubbock.
4. Any surrounding or pervading influence or condition. The chillest of social atmospheres.
Hawthorne.
5. The portion of air in any locality, or affected by a special physical or sanitary condition; as, the atmosphere of the room; a moist or noxious atmosphere. At7mosOpher6ic (?), At7mosOpher6icOal (?), } a. [Cf. F. atmosphrique.] 1. Of or pertaining to the atmosphere; of the nature of, or resembling, the atmosphere; as, atmospheric air; the atmospheric envelope of the earth. 2. Existing in the atmosphere.
The lower atmospheric current.
Darwin.
3. Caused, or operated on, by the atmosphere; as, an atmospheric effect; an atmospheric engine. 4. Dependent on the atmosphere. [R.]
In am so atmospherical a creature.
Pope.
Atmospheric engine, a steam engine whose piston descends by the pressure of the atmosphere, when the steam which raised