–_Articles_, Synt. of
–to what RELATE
–_Article_, with _the poss. and its governing noun_, only _one_, used –one noun admits of one, only; before an adj., relates to a noun understood
–why not repeated, as in Fr., before every noun of a series; why the omission of, cannot constitute a proper ellips. –position of, with respect to its noun; ditto, with respect to an adj. and noun
–relative position of, and adj., not a matter of indifference –excluded by certain pronom. adjectives; what ones precede it; its position in respect to an adj. of quality, limited by _too, so, as_, or _how_
–position of, when an adj. is preceded by another adv. than _too, so, as_, or _how_
–do., when an adj. follows its noun –whether the insertion or the omission of, can greatly affect the import of a sentence
–_Article_, repetition of, with nouns connected –do. with adjectives connected, and, oppos. –added to each of two or more nouns sing., or a plural put (“THE _nominative and_ THE _objective_ CASE,” or “THE _nominative and objective_ CASES,”)
–use of, in special correspondence of phrases –do., in correspondence peculiar
–do., in a series of terms
–erroneous use of, before the _species_, for THE; do., when the _species_ is said to be of the _genus_ (“A JAY _is a sort of_ A BIRD,”)
–not used before names of the virtues, vices, &c., before limited terms, and before nouns of definite signif. –do. before titles or names mentioned merely as such –do. before a part. not taken as a noun –insertion or omission of, with respect to a comparison or an alternation made with two nouns
–required in the construc. which converts a part. into a verbal noun –_Articles_, what the false synt. of, includes –Ellips. of _article_, shown
–_Articles_, derivation of
–frequently omitted by the poets See also _Definite Article_, and _An, A_
_Articulate_ or _elementary sound_, nature of
_Articulation_, as defined by COMST.; do. by BOLLES –_Articulation_, how differs from pronunciation –the principles of, what they constitute –a good one, what, in the view of COMST.; do., in what consists, according to SHERID.; do. importance of; do., how delivers words
_As_, as subject or object of a verb, _its_ CLASS –with a clause or sentence as anteced., do. _As_, as _relative_, WEBST. absurd explanation of; CHAND. do.; BULL. denial –to what construc. limited
–peculiarities with respect to position –declined
–derivation of, from Teuton., DR. JOH. –_As follow, as follows_, &c., construction of; MURR., himself perplexed by TOOKE and CAMPB., delivers dubious instructions concerning
–Opinion of NIX. and CROMB. concerning. _As_, as a conjunc., uniting words in appos.
–between adj. or part. and its noun (“_Actions_ AS _such_”) –with ellips. of latter term of comparison (“_For such_ AS HE”) –_As_ and _than_, character and import of –words connected by, generally put in the same case –_As
–as; as
–so; so_ (preceded by a negative,) –_as; so
–as_ (with an infin. following;) correspondents
_Asking_ and _exclaiming_, simple and appropriate _names_ for _the marks of_, desirable
_Aspirates_, see _Semivowels_
_Asterisk_, use of. _Asterism_, do.
_Ate_, particular words ending in, peculiarities of
_Auxiliary_, defined
–_Auxiliary_, form of a verb, when preferable to the simp. –verbs, are mostly defective
–do., are needful in the conjug. of English verbs –do., inflection of, shown
–_Auxiliaries_ used as expletives –_Auxiliary_, poet. placed after verb
_Averse, aversion_, whether to be construed with _from_ or _to_
_Avoiding_, verbs of, with part. in stead of infin.
_Awkwardness, literary_, Crit. N. censuring
_Ay, I_, assentive adv.
–_Ay_, sometimes improp. written for _ah_
B.
B, its name and plur. number
–its sound
–in what situations silent
_Bacchy_, described
BE, how varied
–CONJUGATED, affirmat.
–Use of the form _be_ for the pres. indic. –_Be_, ellips. of the infin. often needlessly supposed by ALLEN _et al._
–whether it should be inserted after the verb _make_ –_Is_, contracted, giving its nom. the same form as that of the poss. case (“_A_ WIT’S _a feather_,” &c., POPE)
_Become_, &c., whether they demand the auxiliary _am_ or _have_
_Besides_, prep., in what cases proper to be used after _else_ or _other_, in lieu of _than_
_Between_, cannot refer to more than two things –_Between_ or _betwixt_, how differs in use from _among_ or _amongst_ –_Between, betwixt_, derivation of, from Sax.
_Bible, the Holy_, application of the name –what is shown by Italics in the text of –quotations in, how indicated
–abrupt transitions in
–its general accuracy of lang.
–in the lang. of, _ye_ and _you_, in what constructions not found
_Bid_, as commanding, or as promising, its construction with the infin.
_Blair, Dr._, unjustly censures Addison’s frequent use of _that_, as a relative
_Blank verse_, as distinguished from rhyme
_Blunders_, as readily copied, as originated, by makers of school-books –_literary_, Crit. N. concerning
_Bombast_, as opposed to purity, PREC. against _Books_, mentioned by name, rule for capitals
_Both_, as conjunc., corresponding to _and_ –as adj.
–derivation of, acc. to DR. MURR.
_Brace_, its purpose
_Breve_, or _stenotone_, for what used
_Brevity_ of expression, sought in the ordinary business of life
_Brokenness_, or _hitching_, as a fault of style, PREC. censuring
_But, save, as well as_, construc. of two nouns connected by –_But_, how has acquired the signif. of _only_ –in ambiguous construc. (“_There cannot be_ BUT _one_,” &c., KAMES) –as used for _that_, contrary to its import –derivation of, from Sax.
–_But_ and _save_, whether they ever govern the obj. case as prepositions
–_Cannot but_, construc. and signif. of –_Not but_, to what equivalent, and the class of _but_
C.
C, name and plur. numb. of
–sounds of
–where silent
–with cedilla placed under (c)
–written for a number
–_Ch_, sounds of
–_Arch_, sound of, before a vowel, and before a conson. –_Ck_, final, for double _c_
_Cadence_, explained
–faulty, precept against, by RIPP. –MURR. direction concerning
_Cadmus_, carried the Phoenician alphabet into Greece
_Caesura_, signif. and application of –_Caesural_ or _divisional pause_; _demi-caesuras_, or _minor rests_; (see _Pauses_)
_Can_, verb, varied
–derivation and signif. of
–_Can not_ and _cannot_, with what distinction used –_Cannot_, with a verb of _avoiding_, or with BUT –_Can, could, would_, as principal verbs, by poet. use
_Capital letters, capitals_, for what used; how marked for the printer, in manuscript
–what things are exhibited wholly in, –Rules for the use of,
–use of, in comp. prop, names,
–needless,
–lavish use of, its effect,
–discrepancies with respect to, abound in books.
_Cardinal numeral_, distinguished from its corresponding ordinal, –should _follow_ the ordinal, in a specification of a part of a series, (“_The first_ TWO,”).
_Caret_, in what used, and for what purpose.
_Cases_, in grammar, what,
–named and defined,
–nom. and obj., alike in form, how distinguished, –on what founded, and to what parts of speech belong. –(See _Nominative Case_, &c.)
–_Cases_, whether infinitives, participles, &c., can take the nature of,
–what is the proper number of, to be assigned to Eng. nouns, –what authorities for the true doctrine of three, –discordant doctrine of sundry grammarians concerning the numb, of, –WEBST. and MURR. opposite instructions concerning do. –_Cases_, whether personal pronouns have two, only, –rules for the construc. of,
–whether a noun may be in two, at once, –whether Eng. verbs govern two,
–whether in Eng., as in Lat., when a verb governs two, the pass. retains the latter case.
–_Cases, same_, (see _Same Cases_.) –_Cases_, what kinds of words take different, after them. –_Case_ of noun or pron. after part. governed by prep., whether undetermined; err. of SANB. and BULL. hereon expos.; GREE. false teaching, do.,
–_doubtful_, after participles, in what kind of examples found; canon concerning do.
_Case_, technical term with printers, (“Letters of the _lower case_.”)
_Catachresis_, how commonly explained, and what sort of fig.
_Catalectic_, when a measure is said to be.
_Cedilla_, from whom borrowed, and how applied.
_Change_, of numb. in the second pers., ineleg., –of the connective of two nominatives appar. requiring a plur. verb, canon concerning.
–_Changing_ the scene, or deserting the principal subj., in a sent., PREC. against.
_Chaucer’s_ imperfect measures, DRYDEN’S remarks on.
_Cherokee_ alphabet, some account of.
_Cherubim_ and _seraphim_, Heb. plurals, sometimes mistaken for singulars.
_Chief terms_, or _principal parts_, of a verb, necessary to be first ascertained.
–_Chief words_ may be distinguished by capitals.
_Circumflex_, inflection, (see _Inflection_,) –mark, use of.
_Classes_ under the parts of speech, what meant by.
_Classification_ of words, explanations to assist beginners in making, –DR. WILSON’S observations on.
_Clause_, see _Member_.
_Climax_, defined.
_Cognomination_, relation of the article, in instances of, (“_Alexander the Great_”).
_Collective noun_, defined.
–_Collective nouns_, forms of, sing. and plur.; how understood, –gend. of, how determined,
–by what relative represented.
–_Collec. noun_, represented by plur. pron., –in what two ways may be taken, and with what accord of pron.; the plur. construc. of, under what fig. of synt. ranked by the old grammarians,
–whether with a sing. definitive, admits a plur. verb or pronoun. –_Collec. nouns_ generally admit of plur. form. –_Collect. noun_, represented by sing. pron. neut., –uniformity of numb. to be preserved in words constructed with, –agreem. of verb with,
–how determined whether it conveys the idea of plurality or not, –strictures on the rules of ADAM, LOWTH, _et. al._, concerning, –NIX. notion of the construc. of verb and. –_Coll. nouns_, partitive of plur., construc. of, –as expressing collections of persons, or coll. of things, which most often taken plurally,
–when not plur. in form, whether it admits of plur. adj. before it.
_Colon_, from what takes its name,
–for what used,
–in what year adopted in England, –its utility maintained against some objectors, –Rules for the use of,
–used by some between numb. of chap. and that of verse, in quotations from the Bible.
_Comma_, from what takes its name,
–what denotes,
–less common in Germ. than in Eng., –its ancient form,
–Rules for the use of,
–use of, in a series of words.
_Commanding, desiring, expecting_, &c., verbs of, to what actions or events, refer.
_Commandments_, the ten, how expressed as to _forms_ of verb, –by what points divided in books,
–example of, versified in iamb. hexameter, by DR. WATTS.
_Common gender_, unnecessary and improper term in Eng. gram.
_Common noun_, defined,
–when admits of no art.,
–with def. art. sometimes becomes proper, –by personif. often do.
–_Common nouns_ include the classes, _collective, abstract_, and _verbal_.
–_Common nouns_, their nature and numerical distribution, as distinguished from proper.
_Comparative degree_, defined.
–_Compar. degree_, why BROWN presents a new definit. of, in place of his former one,
–true nature of
–whether always required in a comparison of two objects –with what construc. proper in exclusive comparisons, canon of BROWN –_Comparatives_, certain, not construed with the conjunc. _than_ –double, how to be considered and treated –_Comparative_ terminations, to what adjectives not to be applied –_Compar. degree_ in Gr. and in Lat., construc. of –poet. connected to the positive
_Comparison_, defined
–_Comparison, degrees of_, named and defined –what adjectives admit not of
–CHURCH. on the different, (and BROWN on CHURCH.) –character of BROWN’S definitions of; do. of those of MURR. _et al._, exhibited
–MURR. definitions of, criticised –relative nature of
–_Comparison_, regular
–to what adjectives applicable
–when preferable to the comparison by adverbs –_Comparison_, HARR. on the degrees of; the positive a _degree_ –(in oppos. to HARR. _et al._)
–_Comparison of equality_, what; sometimes involves solec., (“_Nothing_ SO _uncertain_ AS,”)
–_Comparison of equality and of ineq._, canon on –_Comparison_, adaptation of the terms of, to the deg. to be expressed –belongs chiefly to comm. adjectives
–_Comparis._, irregular
–_Comparis._, whether to be mentioned in parsing adverbs –inclusive, and exclusive
–_Comparisons, extra_, their impropriety –Crit. N. on, See also _Comparative Degree_, and _Superlative Degree_.
_Comparison_ or _contrast_ of things, the resemblance or opposition how rendered more striking
_Complex prepositions_, how may be formed
_Composite orders_ of verse, what uniformity of construc. they require –_Composite verse_
–description of; why requires rhythm –kinds of, unlimited; which preferable –liable to doubtful scansion
_Composition_, the frequent practice of, necessary, in order to acquire a good style, _Composition_ of language, two kinds of
_Compound_ or _progressive form_ of verb, how made –exemplified in the verb READ, conjugated, what verbs do not admit of; what it implies
–verbs of, having a pass. signif.
_Compound word_, defined, _Compounds_, permanent, consolidated; temporary, formed by hyphen
–_Comp. words_, not to be needlessly broken –two or more, not to be split
–when to be written with hyphen; when without it –_Compounding of words_, unsettled usage respecting; manner of, in Lat. and Gr.; arbitrary practice of, in Eng., its effect –does not necessarily preclude their separate use –propriety of, sometimes difficult to decide –_Compounds_, orthog. of
–_Compounding_ the words of a reg. phrase, its impropriety –_Compound adjectives_, see _Adjectives, Compound_.
_Concord_, (see _Agreement_.)
–_Concords_ and _governments_, examples of false ones from the grammarians
–in Lat., diversely enumerated by the Lat. grammarians
_Concrete _terms for abstract qualities, poet. use of
_Confusion_ of senses, in use of pron., to be avoided
_Conjugation_ of a verb, defined
–what some teachers choose to understand by –Conjugating a verb, four ways of, named –_Conjugation_ of an Eng. verb, what the simplest form of –_Conjug._ of verbs, shown in five Examples –(See also _Compound_ or _Progressive_, &c.) –_Conjugat._ negative, how made, interrogative, do. –interrog. and negative, do.
CONJUNCTIONS, Etymol. of
–_Conjunction_, defined
–_Conjunctions_, how differ from other connectives –nature and office of; R. F. MOTT quot. –nature of the connexions made by
–how many in common use
–how parsed
–as “connecting the same moods, &c.,” strictures on the doctrine of MURR. _et al._, concerning
–_Conjunctions_, classes of, named and defined –(See _Copulative Conjunction, Disjunc. Conj._, and _Corresp. Conjunc.)
–Conjunctions_, List of
–appar. used as adverbs
–peculiar phrases having the force of –importance of, as copulative or as disjunctive, to be carefully observed
–_Conjunctions_, Synt. of
–do., in what consists, (MURR. _et al._ teaching erron.) –what connect
–declinable words connected by, why in the same case –power and position of those that connect sentences or clauses –absurd and contradictory notions concerning the office of, by LENN., BULL., _et al._
–two or three coming together, how parsed –_Conjunction_, followed by a phrase, and not a whole member –connecting two terms to one
–do. two terms the same in kind or quality –_Conjunctions_, to be used with due regard to import and idiom –punct. of
–ellips. of, shown
–derivation of
–are mostly of Anglo-Sax. origin –H. TOOKE’S derivations of, given
–poet. usage of _or
–or_, and _nor
–nor_
_Conjunctive adverbs_, what office perform; what classes of words embrace –often relate equally to two verbs in different clauses –list of
–_whence, whither_, &c., sometimes partake of the nature of pronouns _Connected terms_, two, limited by a third, what both must be –should be the same in kind or quality. _Connected_ adjectives, how should be placed. _Connective_ words, or connectives, kinds of, named –do., how may be distinguished
_Consonants_, divisions and subdivisions of –properties of, as _sharp, flat, labial_, &c.
_Construing_, whether differs from parsing
_Continuance_ of action, see _Compound_ or _Progressive_
_Contractions_, in the orthog. and the pronunciation of words –ocular, in printing poetry, not important
_Correlatives_, combinations of, (“_Father’s son_,”) how to be regarded
_Corresponding_, or _corresponsive conjunctions_, in what manner used –named and exemplified in their several pairs –nature of the terms standing in the relat. of –the former of two, how parsed
–CHURCH. canon on the use of
–_Or_
–_or_, and _nor_
–_nor_, by poet. usage _Crotchets_, or _brackets_, how used –confused and inaccurate teaching of WEBST. _et al._, concerning
_Cum_ with an ablative, Lat., (“_Dux_ CUM _aliquibus_,” &c.,) the construc. imitated in Eng.
–canon on do.
_Curves_, or _marks of parenthesis_
–have been in use for centuries
–the use of, not to be discarded –confused teaching of WEBST. _et al._, respecting do. –what used to distinguish
–clause enclosed by, how to be uttered; pause of do. –Rules for the application of
_Customary_ actions require to be expressed by indic. pres.
D.
D, name and plur. numb.
–sounds of
–written for a number
_Dactyl_, defined
_Dactylic verse_
–stress, on what syll. laid; what rhyme it generally forms –is not very common; seldom pure and regular –shown in its eight measures
–has been but little noticed by prosodists and grammarians –misconceived and misrepresented Rev. D. BLAIR
_Dare_, construc. with infin. foll.
–Use of the form DARE for the third pers. sing.
_Dash_, the mark, explanation of
–LOWTH _et al._ make no mention of –Rules for the application of
–_Dash_, needless, how to be treated –between quotation and name of the author –applied to side-title
–used to signify omission
_Dates_, ordinarily abbreviated; how best written –objectives in, without their prepositions
_Dative case_, faulty relic, in Eng., of old Sax., (“_It ascends_ ME _into_,” &c., SHAK.)
_Days_ of the week, names of, to be reckoned prop. names, and written with capital
_Deaf and dumb_
–The _deaf and dumb_, to whom the letters represent no sounds, learn to read and write; what inferred herefrom
_Defective verb_, what verb so called –which tenses of, wanting
–_Defective verbs_, whether they should be reckoned a distinct class –_may, can, must_, and _shall_, not to be referred to the class of –_will, beware_, &c., construc. and import of explained –_Defec. verbs_, List of
_Definite article_, defined
–_Definite art._, its demonstrative character –used before names of rivers
–do. by way of eminence
–no rule of agreem. for, in Eng. –prefixed as an adv., to comparatives and superlatives –repeated before every term in a series of adjectives used ellipt. as nouns
–used for a poss. pron., (“_Full in_ THE _face_”) –position with respect to its noun
–required before antecedent to a restricted relative. See also _The_
_Definition_, defined
–A _perfect definition_, what
–_Definitions_, needful qualities of certain, in gram. –bad, peculiar vice of
–Crit. N. on
_Definitives_, what, in Eng., and how to be classed –example to show what is meant by
–_Definitive_ word required before antecedent to restricted relative
_Degrees of comparison_, see _Comparison_
_Deity_, names of, use of capitals in –in all languages, masc.; direct names of, do.. The sing. numb, universally employed in reference to the Supreme Being
_Demonstratives_, from the class, pronominal adjectives
_Derivation_, as a topic of gram., what explains –importance of
–a knowledge of what languages will throw light on the subject of Eng.
_Desiring_, verbs of; see _Commanding_
_Desisting_, verbs of; with part., in stead of infin.
_Despauter_, (Despauterius Joannes,) grammarian, when died –his Lat. Gram.
–his remark on the origin of using plur. pron. of second pers. for sing.
–gives the rule that the _verb governs the nominative before it_
_Diaeresis_, or _dialysis_, mark, place and use of –explained
_Diesis_, or _double dagger_, for what purpose used. _Dimeter_, line, _iambic_, examples of
–_trochaic_, do.
–_anapaestic_, do.
–_dactylic_, do.
_Diphthong_, defined
–_Diphthongs_, distinction of
–enumeration and specification of the Eng.
_Discourse_, or _narration_, its nature and requirements
_Disjunctive conjunction_, defined
–_Disjunctives_, List of
–_Disjunctive_ OR, see _Or_
_Distance_, see _Time_, &c.
_Distribution_, of words into classes, a matter of some difficulty; explanations concerning, for learners
–of verbs in Lat., grammarians have disputed respecting
_Distributives_, of the class _pronominal adjectives_ –_Distributive_ term sing. in apposit. with a plur.
_Division, literary_, see _Literary Division_
_Do_, verb, how varied:
–particular uses of
–in what manner may be substituted for an other term
_Double comparatives_ and _double superlatives_, how may be regarded; canon; (LATH. and CHILD)
_Double negatives_, see _Negation_, and _Negatives_
_Doubling_ of the final consonant before additional syll.; not doubling, before do.
–_Double_ letter retained
–_Doubling_, certain letters incline to; others, do not
_Doubtful case_ after a part., in what kind of examples found; the construc. to be avoided
_Drink_, verb, grammarians greatly at variance respecting the pret. and the perf. part. of
_Dual_ number, found in Gr. and in Arab., what denotes
_Duplication_, see _Doubling_
_Du Vivier, G._, his _Grammaire des Grammaires_, and his _Traite des Participes_, a copious treatment of the Fr. participle
E.
E, (as A, O, I, and U,) self-naming: –how spoken and written
–its plur.
–sounds properly its own
–final, mute, and to what belongs; exceptions –effect on preced. vowel, of _e_ mute after a sing. conson., or after _st_, or _th_
–diphthongs beginning with
–triphthongs do.
_Each_, pronom. adj., always of the third pers. sing.; its agreements. _Each other_, see _Other_
_Ecphoneme_, or note of exclamation
–occasional introduction into the classics –diversely called by MURR. _et al._
–for what used, and of what a sign –Rules for the application of
_Ecphonesis_, defined
_Either_ and _neither_, pronom. adjectives, relate to two only –M. HARR. on the illegit. use of
–their numb. and pers.; what agreements they require, when they are the leading words in their clauses
–derivation of, from the Sax.
_Either
–or, neither
–nor_, corresponsives:
–transposed, with repeated disjunction or negat.
_Elegiac stanza_, description of
_Elementary sound_, or _elements of speech_, defined. See _Sounds_
_Ellipsis_, figure defined
–either not defined by grammarians in general, or absurdly defined –frequent in comp. sentences
–to be supplied in parsing
–_supposed_, may change the construc. without affecting the sense –the principle of, as explaining several questionable but customary expressions, (“_Fair and softly_ GOES _far_”) –MURR. on “THE _ellipsis_”
–_Ellipsis supplied_, EXAMPLES of –Needless _ellipses_, the supposition of, to be avoided –_Ellipses_, faulty, as opposed to perspicuity, PREC. against. _Ellipsis_, or _suppression_, mark of, how figured, and what used to denote
_Elliptical_ construction of nouns, (“_A horse, a horse_,” &c., SHAK.)
_Elocution_, defined
_Else, other_, &c., with _than_, in exclusive comparisons –_Else_ or _other_, sometimes construed with _besides_ –_Else_, derivation of
_Emphasis_, defined:
–comparative view of accent and
–as connected with quantity, MURR. –as affecting accent
–what the guide to a right.
–_Emphatic_ words, not to be multiplied
_Enallage_, defined
–signif. of the Gr. word
–special application of the term –with what other terms synonymous
–the most common forms of, in Eng. –examples of, how differ from solecisms –too much latitude was given to the fig. by Despauter, and by others
_Enallixis_, see _Enallage_
_Ending_ of a sentence with an adv., a prep., or any inconsid. word or phrase, PREC. concerning
_English Grammar_, see _Grammar_
_English language_, some account of its origin –its character
–its simplicity and facility asserted by LOWTH –its chief defect, according to DR. JOH.
_Enumeration_ of numbers, see _Addition_
_Epicene nouns_, see _Generic Names_ _Epithets_, new compound, poets frequently form
_Equivalence_, the argument of, has often led into errors
_Equivocal_, or _ambiguous construc._ of cases, to be avoided –of rel. pron., by misplacement
–of prep. with converted part., how amended –of the word _but_, (“_There cannot be_ BUT _one_,” &c.) –of words, leaving the classification doubtful, Crit. N. concerning –_Equiv._, or _ambig_. expressions, as opposed to propriety, PREC. against
_Eroteme_, its form in Greek
–derivation; fitness of the name –diversely called by MURR. _et al_.
–its use
–Rules for do.
–its value as a sign of pause
–retained by a quoted question
_Erotesis_, explained
_Errors, incorrigible_, Crit. N. concerning
ETYMOLOGY
–_Etymol._, of what treats
–when and how should be taught
–_figures of_, term defined; the principal do., named and defined –_Etymology_ and meaning of words, HARRIS on the usefulness of disquisitions into
_Ever_, contrac., _e’er_; so in comp. rel. pronouns –_Ever a one_, contrac. by the comm. people into _e’er a one_ –_Ever_ and _never_, opposite to each other in sense, yet freq. confounded and misapplied; canon on the employment of –_Ever so_, (prop., _everso_,) signif. of –_Ever so wisely_, its propriety determined, against the false phraseology _never so wisely_
–_Ever_, derivation of, from Sax.
_Example_, as used in teaching, meaning of –_Examples_, use of capitals in
_Exception_, noun, and _except_, verb, whether more properly followed by _from_ or by _to_
_Exclamation_, note of, (see _Ecphoneme_) –_Exclamation_, nom. absolute by
–the _case_ of nouns used in
_Exclusive_ and _inclusive terms_ of a comparison
_Exercise_, in grammar, what
_Expecting_, &c., verbs of, see _Commanding_
_Extended_ compositions, gradation of the parts in
F.
F, its name and plur. numb.
–final in monosyllables, to be doubled –formation of the plur. of nouns in, and in _ff_ –its sound
_Fable_, how may be defined
–What the term denotes in the Scriptures
_Fall short of, make bold with_, &c., how the adjective in such phrases is to be explained in parsing
_False identification_, (under synt. of SAME CASES,) Note exposing the error of
_Falsities_ in sentences, Crit. N. directed against
_Feel_, its construc. with the infin.
_Few_ and _many_, form and construc. of. _Fewer_, see _Little_
FIGURES, treated
–_Figure_, in gram., what
–_Figures_, distinctive names of some; frequent occurrence of those of rhetoric
–_Figure of words_, signif. of the term –_Figure of words_, Rules for
–suggestions additional to do.
–unsettled and variable usage in that which relates to –_Figure of orthog._, what; what the principal _figures of_ do. –_Figure of etymol._, what
–_Figures of etymol._, the principal, named and defined –_Figure of synt._, what
–_Figures of synt._, the principal, named and defined –_Figure of rhet._, what
–_Figures of rhet._, why certain are called _tropes_ –on what mostly founded
–the principal, named and defined –affect the agreem. of pronouns with their antecedents –_Figures_, how many BROWN deems it needful to define and illustrate –_Figures_, definitions of sundry, in the lang. of authors, _corrected_, KEY. _Figures_, Arabic, in what cases _pointed_ by some
_Final f, l_, or _s_, in spelling; other finals than, in do. –_ck_ or _c_, use of
–_ll_, to what confined
–_e_ of a primitive, when omitted; when retained –_y_ of a prim. word before a terminat., how managed –_ise_ or _ize_, which termination to be taken –_Finals_, what letters may assume the position of; what may not, and why
_Finite_ verbs, _agreem. of, with subjects_, a principle of Univ. Gram. –Rules concerning
–_Fin. verb_ understood, punct. of _First words_, initial capital to –faulty practice of grammarians with respect to
_Foot, poetic_, see _Poetic Feet_
_Foreign_ words or idioms, unnecessary use of, in opposition to purity
_For_, with _all_, as equivalent to _although_ –_For as much as_, &c., having the nature of conjunctions –_For that_
–_For_, with perf. part., (“FOR _lost_”) –with _ever_
–before TO _and infin._
–as introducing its object before an infin.. _For_, conj., _because_, from Sax.; anc. expressed _for that_
_Forever_, or _for ever_, its class
_Former_ and _latter_, nature and applic. of _Forms of letters_, in type or character
–_Forms_ OF VERBS, a knowledge of THE TRUE, nothing more important in gram. than _Forsooth_, signif. and use of
_Friends_, the Society of; their employment, in familiar discourse, of the sing. pron. of the second pers.
–generally neglect to compound their numeral names of the months and days
–their misemployment of _thee_ for _thou_ –their manner of speaking, different from the solemn style –examples of their manner of forming the verb with the pron. _thou_; their simplificat. of the verb
_From_, derivation of, from Sax.
–_From forth, from out_, construc. of, explained –_Off from_, examp. of the use of
_Full_, in permanent compounds, how written; in temporary do., do. –compounds in, (_spoonful, handful_, &c.,) how pluralized
_Future, contingency_, how best expressed
_Future tense_, FIRST, how formed, and what expresses –SECOND, do., do., and how varied
_Futurity_, often denoted by the infin., (“_The world_ TO COME”)
G.
G, its name and plur.
–its sounds
–when silent
–_Gh_, sounds of, and silence
_Gardiner, W._, his new analysis of the Eng. alphab., noticed
_Genders_, term defined
–_Genders_, the diff., named and defined –on what founded, and to what belong
–_Gender_, inconsistent views of, as given by many of the grammarians; WELLS and MURR. criticised
–confounded with _sex_ by some writers; others otherwise confuse the matter
–_Common gender_, of the old grammarians, the term objectionable with respect to Eng.
–_Gender_, how in many instances determined –figuratively ascribed, how indicated –denoted by _he_ and _she_ prefixed to nouns –denied by MURR. _et al_. to pronouns of the first and second persons –of pron., the _preference_ of, when joint antecedents are of different genders
_General_ truths and customary actions, to be expressed by the indic. pres.
_Generic_ names, sense and construc. of
“_Genitives, double_,” discovered by our grammarians, the true explanation of all such
_Gentile names_, nature and construc. of
_German language_, form of its type
–use of the comma less freq. in, than in Eng.
_Gerund_, Lat., explanation of
–what form of an Eng. participle corresponds to –“Gerund in English,” how becomes “a substantive,” according to DR. ADAM _et al._, _Gerundives_, what
_Giving, paying, procuring_, &c., verbs of, with ellips. of _to_ or _for_ before the objective of the person
GOVERNMENT, of words, defined
–to what parts of speech has respect –the rules of, whether to be applied to the governing or the governed words
–do., how many in the best Lat. grammars; usual faults in the distribution of these
–_Governments_ in Eng. synt. how many –false, examples of, cited from grammarians
_Grecism_, literal, in Eng., (“_Before Abraham was_, I AM”) comp.
GRAMMAR, defined
–An English Grammar, what professes to be –ENGLISH GRAMMAR, what in itself; what knowledge implies –when worthy to be named a science
–_Grammar_, how to be taught, and its principles how made known –the true principles of, in whose possession –_a rule of_, what
–_Grammar_, how divided; its parts, of what severally treat –what it requires
–rightly learned, what ability it confers –what many vain pretenders to, have shown by their works –on questions of, the practice of authors should have more weight than the dogmatism of grammarians. _Grammars of different languages_, how far must needs differ; strictures on those of PROF. BULL., _A grammar designed for English_, the chief end of. _Grammatical doctrine_, the truth of, in what consists
_Granting, supposing_, &c., see _Admitting_
_Grave accent_, as opposed to _acute_ –as preserving the vocality of _e_
_Greek_ alphabet, characters of, shown and named
_Guillemets_, or _quotation points_, what words they distinguish –how applied to a quotation within a quotation –not used in our common Bibles; the defect in what measure relieved
H.
H, its name and plur. numb.
–its sound
–in what words silent
–in what positions do.
–_an_ used formerly before all words beginning with
_Hand_, or _index_, use of
_Handwriting_, script letters in
_Harmonical pauses_, see _Pauses_
_Have_, verb, how varied
–derivation of; with perf. part., import of the tense –_Had_, with _better, rather_, &c., before the infin.
_He_ and _she_, sometimes used as nouns –as prefixed to nouns to denote gend. –whether to be connected by a hyphen to the nouns to which prefixed
_Hear_, with objective, and an infin. without _to_ –with infin. alone, perhaps ellipt, (“_I_ HAVE HEARD TELL”) –_Heard_, verb, why irregular
–its pronunc.
_Hebrew_ letters, some account of; names, characters, and significations of –whether they are, or are not, all consonants, long a subject of dispute
–The
_Hebrew_ names for the months, were prop. nouns –_Hebrew_, what pointing adopted in
_Hence, thence, whence_, with _from_ prefixed. “_I’ll_ HENCE,” see _Adverbs_
_Heptameter_ line, _iambic_, examples of –_trochaic_, do
–_dactylic_, do.
_Here, there, where_, force of, when compounded with prepositions –with verb of motion, perh. allowable for _hither, thither, whither_. _Hereof, thereof, whereof_, placed after nouns, what to be called. _Herein, therein_, &c., their class and nature
_Heroic verse_, see _Pentameter_
_Heterogeneous terms_, in general, two such not to be connected by a conjunc.
_Hexameter_ line, _iambic_, examples of –_trochaic_, do
–_dactylic_, do.
_Hissing_ sounds, concurrence of, in forming the poss. case, how avoided
_Hold_, noun, after _lay, take_, &c., whether preferably construed with _of, on_, or _upon_
_Hoping_, &c., verbs of, see _Commanding_
_How_, after nouns of manner, its nature –not to be used before _that_, or in stead of it –derivation of, from Anglo-Sax.
_Hyperbaton_, explained
–its frequency in poetry; how should be used –is diff. from synchysis
_Hyperbole_, defined
–_Hyperboles_, by what commonly expressed
_Hypermeter_, meaning of, in scansion
_Hyphen_, its uses
–present use in compound names
–Rules for the insertion of, in compounds –signif. of the name
–_Hyphen_, abuse of
–CHURCH, on the use of, in comp. words –in the _figure_ of an adj., with a change of the synt. and sense –necessary with a verbal noun and an adjunct –do. with comp. participles, converted
_Hypobacchy_, or _antibacchy_, defined
I.
I, lett., self-naming; its plur.
–its usual sounds
–diphthongs beginning with; triphth. do., _I_, pron. with cap. lett., _I_, as written for a number. _I_, adv., see _Ay_
_Iambic verse_, treated
–_Iamb. verse_, stress where laid in; effect of a short syll. added to a line of
–shown in its eight measures
–is seldom pure through a long succession of lines –some of its diversifications shown. See also _Dimeter, Trimeter_, &c.
_Iambus_, or _iamb_, defined
_Idea of unity_, and of _plurality_, how formed
_Identity of words_, the principle of, considered –_Identity, proper_, RULE for, (“Same Cases.”) _Identification_, false, N. concerning
_Idioms_ or peculiarities of expression, when to be approved or valued
_If_, the Biblical use of, to express an emphat. negation –its derivation from Sax.
_Ignorance, literary_, Crit. N. concerning
_Imagery_, or _Vision_, explained
_Imperative mood_, defined
–_Imperat. mood_, why so called; in what manner applied –its one tense, and the import of do
–its inflection shown in the verb LOVE, conjugated –what nominatives only it takes
–use of, in the Gr. lang.; do., in Lat., Ital., Fr., and Span –may have all the persons and numbers –poet.
_Imperfect tense_, defined
–_Imperf. tense_, the _form_, how far applicable to the Eng. tense so called
–in its simple form is the _preterit_ –in the pot. and subj. moods, an aorist –of the indic. and the subj., how distinguished –of the sub., to express a mere supposition, with indef. time
_Imperfect participle_, or _first part._, defined –its form
–The _first part._, has been variously called –why rightly termed _imperfect participle_ –for what forms of the Lat. gram., stands –is applicable to time pres., past, or fut.; is not always active, even when derived from an act. verb
–may be turned to a multiplicity of uses –appar. put absolute, (_Admitting,
–Allowing_, &c.)
–distinguished, with respect to governm., from a particip. noun –as equivalent to infin. mood; heads of regular equivalence –how compares with the Lat. gerund
–its nature and construc.
_Impersonal verbs_, so called, their peculiarity of use –called _monopersonal_ by some
_Impropriety_ of language, what embraces
_In_ and _into_, difference between; nature of the relation expressed by each; derivation of, from Sax.
_Inclusive_ and _exclusive_ terms of a comparison
_Incorrigible errors_, Crit. N. concerning
_Indefinite article_, see _An, A_ _Indefinite pronouns_, of the class _pronom. adjectives_
_Independent_, see _Absolute_
_Index_, or _hand_, use of
_Indicative mood_, defined
–_Indic. mood_, why so called; its nature and use –use of its pres. tense
–do. of its form of the pluperf. in lieu of the pot. pluperf. –wherein differs characteristically from the subj.; the two moods continually confounded by writers
–_Indic. mood_, format, and inflec. of its tenses shown in the verb LOVE, conjug.
–employed to express a conditional circumstance assumed as a fact
_Inelegance_ of language, see _Awkwardness_.
_Infinitive mood_, defined
–_Infin. mood_, so called in oppos. to the other moods –usually distinguished by the prep. _to_ before it –its _pres._, the ROOT, or radical verb; what _time_ it expresses –archaic form in _en_
–its two tenses shown in the verb LOVE, conjug. –Synt. of
–_Infin. mood_, by what governed; (see _To_:) –true construc. of, explained by the 18th Rule of the Synt. –why simple of solution in Eng.; whether ever governed by a prep, in Fr., Span., or Ital.
–whimsical account of, given by NIX. –how expressed in the Anglo-Sax. of the 11th century –why may not, as some grammarians teach, be | considered a noun –DR. WILS. on the charac. and import of –to what other terms may be connected –what in its nature, and for what things chiefly may stand –taken abstractly, as subject of finite verb –Loose _infinitives_, improp. in precise language –_Infin. mood_, position of
–misplacement of, to be avoided
–distinction of voice in, often disregarded, (“_You are to_ BLAME;”) hypercrit. teachings of SANB. and BLAIR hereon –_Infin._, after _bid, dare_, &c., without TO –whether used with TO after _have, help_, and _find_ –_Infin._, BY WHAT _governed_, often imposs. to say, according to the instructions of MURR.
–_Infinitives_ connected, governed by one preposition –_Infinitive_, ellipsis of, after _to_, whether to be approved –sometimes doubtful whether transitive or intransitive –in pause, or in remote dependence, punct. of –poet. placing of
–Greek construc. of, in poetic use
_Inflections_, defined
–rising and falling, explained; do., as applied to questions –_notation_ of, in writing and printing –the rising more numerous than the falling; predominance of the rising in oral lang.; the falling, for what used, COMST. –what kind of rules for, have been given by writers –the rising and the falling, to be used with prop. discrimination; what should determine the direction of –_Inflection_, what constitutes the _circumflex_
_Innovation_ extravagant, into the system of synt. or gram., a particular instance of, noticed
_Inscriptions_ appear best in full capitals
_Instead_, what reckoned, and how best written
_Intending_, &c., verbs of, see _Commanding_.
_Intensive_ nature of comparatives and superlatives, A. MURR.
_Interrogative pronouns_, defined
–what they severally demand
–their use and construc.
–in what differ from relatives
–are always of the third pers.
–declined
–their place in a sentence
–their construc. of cases, to what similar
_Interrogative_ sentences, agreem. of verbs in
INTERJECTIONS, Etymol. of
–_Interjection_, defined
–derivation and signif. of the term; LOWTH’S error in describing the _interjections_
–_Interjections_, numb. of, in common use –List of
–_Interjections_, the frequent use of, an indication of thoughtlessness; expressiveness of some _interjections_ in earnest utterance, &c.
–should be discriminatively used –chief characteristics of; referred to the class of _adverbs_ by the Gr. grammarians
–significant words uttered as, (“_Out! out!_”) –appar. taken substantively
–Synt. of
–absolute construc. of
–have no construc. with cases, as in Lat. and Gr. –appar., sometimes connected to other words by a prep., or by _that_ –place of
–punct. of
–ellips. of, shown
–derivation of
–frequency of, in poet. lang.
_Inversion_ of terms, sometimes of advantage, in respect to strength and vivacity of expression.
_Irony_, figure explained
_Is being_, with a perf. part., or the subject of the UNCO-PASSIVE _form of verbs_, canvassed
_Ise_ or _ize_, which of these terminations to be taken in forming derivatives under Deriv. of Verbs
_Ish_, termination, whether it may be accounted a degree of comparison
_It_. its chief use
–declined
–to what creatures may be applied –put for the distance, (“_How far do you call_ IT?” &c., PRIESTL.,) –without definite reference to an anteced. –as explet., and referring to something expressed afterwards; faulty omission of, before verb, in such construc. –had formerly no variation of cases
–its poss. form ITS, for _of it_, of recent origin, and not found in the text of the common Bible
–wrongly excluded by some from the list of pers. pronouns: –its derivation from Sax., traced
_Italic letters, Italics_, some account of –for what purpose used
–how denoted in preparing manuscripts
J.
J, its name and plur. numb.
–why never doubled
–why never ends a word in Eng.
–impropriety of dividing on the letter, in syllabication –sounds of,
_Johnson, Dr. S._, his authority in Eng. orthography
_Joint nominatives_, agreem. of verb with –whether words connected by _with_ can be used as. _Joint antecedents_, agreem. of pron. with
–of different persons, agreem. of verb or pron. with, in ellipt. construc.
_Jumbling_ together of the active voice and the passive, the manner of some –_Jumbling_, senseless, Crit. N. censuring
K.
K, its name and plur.
–in general, not needed in words derived from the learned languages –its sounds
–when silent
–Two Kays standing together
_Kind, sort_, with _these_ or _those_ improp. preceding
L.
L, its name and plur. numb.
–of the class _liquids_
–final, monosyllables ending in
–final double, to what words peculiar –its sound; in what words silent
–where doubled
–written for a number
_Labial_ letters, how articulated
_Language_, the primitive sense of the term, what embraced; signif. of do., as now used
–in opposition to some grammarians, BROWN confines the term to speech and writing
–loose explanations of the word by certain slack thinkers; WEBST. notion of
–SHERID. idea of; KIRKH. wild and contradictory teachings concerning –_Language_, PROPRIETY of, in what consists; IMPROPRIETY of, what embraces
–PRECISION of, in what consists; Precepts concerning its opposites –_Language_, Eng., (see _English Language_) –_Languages_, uniform SERIES OF GRAMMARS for teaching the Eng., Lat., and Gr., that of DR. BULL., noticed
_Lay, pay_, and _say_, how written in the pret. and the perf. part.
_Leading principles_ in the construc. of sentences, in what embraced in the Grammar
_Least parts_ of language, as written, as spoken, &c., what constituents so called
_Legal_ phraseology, in contrast with that of common life
_Less_, improper use of, for _fewer_, (“_No_ LESS _than three dictionaries_,” DR. WEBST.)
_Lest_, use of, for THAT, without due regard to its import, (“_I feared_ LEST,” &c.)
–derivation of, from Sax.
_Let_, verb, its construc, with an infin. following
LETTERS, in the Eng. alphabet, numb. of, and numb. of sounds which they represent
–a knowledge of, in what consists –infinite variety in, yet the letters always THE SAME –different sorts of types, or styles of, used in Eng. –names of, in Eng.; do., sing, and plur. –Classes of, named and defined
–_powers_ of
–the JUST POWERS of, (see _Power_) –Forms of, and their distinctions, in the Eng. lang. –different sorts of, to be kept distinct –slanting strokes of the Roman, described –_Italic_, chief use of
–_capital_, employment of
–_small_, do.
–_Letters_, history of
–the names of, are words of a peculiar kind –the names and powers of, not always identical –general neglect of learning to write the names of, in Eng. –importance of learning to write do.
–erron. teaching with respect to certain names of –_Letters_ of the Heb. alphabet given, with their names, and the significations of do.
–of the Gr. alphabet, with their names –of the Lat. alphab., their names nearly lost –of do., as now printed
–_Letters_, the twenty-six, possible combinations and mutations of –of the alphab., _read by their names_, how taken –do., written _for numbers_, what their nature; omission of _period_ after such letters
–DAY’S account of do.
–_Letters_, the SOUNDS of, treated –_Letters_, the small, period of their adoption –used for references
–_Letter_, definition of
–_Letter_, the sound of, called its POWER; yet its _power_ not necessarily identified with its _sound_ –A _letter_, in what consists _Like, near, nigh_, appar., prepositions; why _not placed_ by BROWN with the prep. _Lily, W._, grammarian, his arrangement of Lat. syntax
_Lines, poetic_, technical denominations of
_Liquids_, what letters so called
_Literary division_ of a work, common order of, downwards, and throughout; but all literary works not thus divided. _Literary blunders_, Crit. N. concerning
–_awkwardness_, do.
–_ignorance_, do.
–_silliness_, do.
_Little, lesser, less_, different uses and import of –_Little, much_, &c., preceded by _not, too_, or other such adv., how taken
–_Less_, improp. used as an adj. of number; does not signify _fewer_; not to be used in the sense of do.
–_Less, least_, adv., to be parsed separately, in the comparison of adjectives and adverbs
LOVE, verb active-trans., CONJUGATED _affirmatively_ –BE LOVED, pass., do.
–LOVE, conjug. negatively
–do., interrogatively
–do., interrogatively and negatively
_Low_ and provincial expressions, use of, as opp. to purity, PREC. against
_Ly_, most common terminal of Eng. adverbs; added to nouns to form adjectives
(I,) u; 1055, b; 1053, L:
–when adverbs ending in, are preferable to those of other forms.
M.
M, its name and plur. numb.,
–of the class _liquids_,
–its sounds,
–when silent,
–as written for a number.
_Macron_, or _macrotone_, mark, its use.
_Make_, verb, whether _to_ should be suppressed, and _be_, inserted, after, (“MAKE _yourself_ BE _heard_,” BLAIR,)
–its construc. with infin. following.
_Man_ and _woman_, comp. nouns in, (_man-servant, woman-servant_, &c.,) how pluralized.
_Many a_, with noun sing. represented by a plur. pronoun.
_Marks_, or _points_, used in literary composition, the principal; occasional. See _Punctuation_.
_May_, verb, how varied,
–derivation and uses of.
_Mean, means_, use and construc. of.
_Measure_, &c., see _Time. Measure, poetical_, see _Verse_.
_Melody_ or beauty of a sentence, words necessary to, rarely to be omitted.
_Member_, or _clause_, defined.
–_Memb_. and _clause_, generally used as synonymous, are discriminated by some,
–_Clause_ and _phrase_, confounded by some, –_Members_, simple, of a sent., punct. of, –complex, do., do.,
–_Members_ of a sentence, arrangem. of, as affecting STRENGTH.
_Metaphor_, defined,
–what commonly understood to be, –agreem. of pron. with antecedent in cases of.
_Methinks_, explanation of; the lexicographers on the word.
_Metonymy_, defined,
–_Meton._, on what founded,
–agreem. of pron. with its antecedent, in cases of.
_Metres_, more found in actual use, than those acknowledged in the ordinary schemes of prosody. _Metre_, see _Verse_.
_Milton_, MURR. proposed amendment of the “unintelligible” language of a certain passage of, criticised,
–double solec. in a pass, of, noticed, –his poem, _L’Allegro_, what its versificat.; what the management of the orders of its verse,
–do., _Il Penseroso_, what its extent and construction.
_Miss_ or _Misses, Mr_. or _Messrs._, what the proper applicat. of, when _name and title_ are to be used together, in a plur. sense.
_Mistaken, to be_, irregularity of the verb; its import as applied to persons, and as applied to things.
_Mimesis_, explained; droll examples of.
_Minus, plus, versus, via_, Lat., use of, in Eng., in partic. constructions.
_Mixing_ of synt. with etymol., the manner of INGERS., KIRKH., _et al._, censured. _Mixture_ of the _forms_ of style, inelegance of.
_Modifications_, defined,
–sense of the term as employed by BROWN.
_Moloss_, defined.
_Monometer_, scarcely constitutes a line, yet is sometimes so placed. –_Monometer_ line, _iambic_, examples of, –_trochaic_, do.,
–_anapestic_, do.,
–_dactylic_, an examp. of.
_Monopersonal_ verbs, see _Impersonal Verbs_.
_Monotone_, what, and how produced in elocution.
_Months and days_, names of, appar. proper names, and require capitals, –how best expressed in literary compositions.
_Moods_ of a verb, term defined,
–the five, named and defined,
–_Mood_, or MODE, the name. See _Infinitive Mood, Indic. Mood_, &c.
_More_ and _most_, in ambiguous construction, (“_Some people_ MORE _than them_,” MURR.,)
–how parsed in comparisons of adjectives and adverbs.
_Moses_, in what characters, is supposed to have written.
_Most_, for _almost_, by vulgarism.
_Motion_, verbs of, with _hither_, &c., in stead of _here_.
_Much, little, all_, &c., as nouns, –preceded by _not, too_, or other such adv., –_This much_, in stead of _thus much_, DR. BLAIR.
_Mulkey, W._, strictures on his system of orthoepy.
_Multiplication_, subject of the verb in, see _Abstract Numbers_.
_Multiplicative_ numerals, as running on in a series; how written above decuple or tenfold.
_Multitude_, noun of, see _Collective Noun_.
_Mute_ or _silent_, epithet applied to what letters. –_Mutes_, what so reckoned; of these, which imperfect. –Where a letter must be _once mute_.
_My_ and _mine, thy_ and _thine_, as duplicate forms of the poss. case, use of.
N.
N, its name and plur. numb.,
–of the class _liquids_,
–its sounds,
–in what position silent.
_Name and title_, see _Proper Names_.
_Naming_ the letters of the alphab., importance of.
_Narration_, see _Discourse_.
_Nasals_, what consonants so called.
_Near_ and _nigh_, see _Like_.
_Need_, as an uninflected third pers. sing. of the verb, –has perh. become an _auxiliary_ of the pot. mood, –to what tenses must be understood to belong, if to be recognized as an auxil. of the pot. mood,
–that good writers sometimes inflect the verb, and sometimes do not, and that they sometimes use _to_ after it, and sometimes do not, how may be accounted for
–three _authorized_ forms of expression, with respect to the verb. _Needs_, as an adv., its composition
_Needless_, mixing of characters in printing, bad effect of –capitals; effect of
–articles, to be omitted
–ellipses, the supposition of, a common error among grammarians –use of participles for nouns, or nouns for participles –words, ineleg.
–possessive or art. before a part., how corrected –periods, or other points, after certain numeral expressions –abbreviations, offend against taste
–dashes inserted, how to be treated
_Negation_, expressed in the early Eng. by multiplied negatives; such manner of expression now obsolete and improper –Effect on a _negation_, of two negatives in the same clause
_Negatives_, the comm. rule of the grammars, that “two negatives, in Eng., destroy each other, or &c.,” whether a correct one
_Neither_, see _Either_
_Neuter verb_, defined
–_Neuter verbs_, the _active-trans_. verbs are so called in most grammars and dictionaries; the absurdity of this –extent of this class of verbs; their existence in any lang. denied by some grammarians
–Neut. verb BE, conjugated
–_Neuter verbs_, made from active-transitives, (_am come, is gone_, &c.;) these called by some, “neuter passives” –of passive form, (_am grown, are flown_, &c.,) as errors of conjugat., or of synt.
–do., how may be distinguished from pass. verbs –do., DR. PRIESTL. mistaken notions concerning their nature and propriety
–_Neut. verbs_, and their participles, take the same case after as before them
–_Neuter verb_ between two nominatives, its agreem.
_Nevertheless_, its composition and class
_No_ or _none_, pronom. adj. _No_, as negative adj., “remarkable ambiguity in the use of,” noticed by PRIESTL., (“_No laws are better than the English_;”) how the ambiguity may be avoided –as a simple negation, its construc.
–as an adv. of deg., relating only to comparatives, (“NO _more_,” –“NO _better_”)
–set before a noun, is an adj., corresponding to Lat. _nullus_ –In the phrases, _no longer, no more, no where_, DR. JOH. appar. suggests wrongly the class; its true class according to its several relations
–_No_, or an other independent negative, _repeated_, its effect –_No_, adv., not to be used with reference to a verb or part. –derivation of, from Anglo-Sax.
_Nominative case_, defined
–_Nom. case_, how distinguished from the objective in nouns –as subj. of a finite verb
–different ways of using
–_Nominative_ and verb, usual position of, and when varied –_Nom. case_ and _object._, at the same time, noun placed in the relation of
–_Nom_. following a verb or part, with what must accord in signif. See also _Subject_, &c.
_Nominative sentences_, examples of what MURR. erron. so terms; the prop. construc. shown
_Nor_, see _Or_.
_Not_, its place in negative questions –how spoken in grave discourse, and how ordinarily –vulg. contractions of, with certain verbs –used with other negatives
–do. with _nor_ (in stead of _or_) following, whether correctly, or not
–derivation of, from Anglo-Sax. _Not but_, how resolved. _Not only, not merely_, to what are correspondents
_Notwithstanding_, import and construc. of; misunderstood by DR. WEBST. –formation and signif. of
NOUNS, Etymol. of
–_Noun_, defined
–_Nouns_, Classes of, named and defined –Modifications of, named
–Persons of, named and defined; (see _Persons_) –Numbers of, do.; (see _Plural Number_) –Genders of, do.; (see _Genders_)
–Cases of, do.; (see _Cases_)
–Declension of
–_Nouns_, number of, in Eng.
–the sense of, how made indefinitely partitive –examples of words commonly belonging to other classes, used as –_collective, abstract_, and _verbal_ or _participial_, included among common nouns; (see _Collective Noun_, and _Particip. Noun_) –proper, (see _Proper Names_)
–_Nouns_, Synt. of
–_Noun_, why may not be put in the relation of two cases at once –taken figuratively sing. for literally plur. –required to be repeated, or inserted, in stead of a pronoun –ellips. of, shown
–_Nouns_ of _time, measure, distance_, &c., (see _Time_) –_Nouns_, derivation of, from nouns, adjectives, verbs, or participles –poet. peculiarities of
_Numbers_, the distinction of, to what belongs, and how applied. (See _Plural Number_.) _Numbers_, cardinal, ordinal, &c., (see _Cardinal Numbers_, &c.)
–_Numbers_, abstract, expressions of multiplication in, (“_Twice one_ IS _two_,”
–“_Twice two_ ARE _four_,” &c.,) seven different opinions of grammarians respecting, examined by BROWN; who determines the prop. forms of expression
–_Numbers_, expressed by letters, how to be considered; whether to be marked by the period
–combined arithmetical, one adjective relating to an other
_Numerals, numeral adjectives_, see _Adjectives, Numeral_. _Numerical figures_ used for references
O.
O, lett., as A, E, I, and U, self-naming –its plural
–formation of the plur. of nouns in –sounds properly its own
–where sounded as short _u_
–do. as obscure _e_
–diphthongs beginning with
–triphth. do. _O_, interj., with cap. lett. –what emotion indicates
–differs from _oh_
–as denoting earnestness, before nouns or pronouns put absol. by direct address; is no positive index of the vocative –_O_, &c., MURR., erron. doctrine concerning, to what teaching it has given rise
–_O_, &c., with a case following, Lat. construc. of, examined –_O_, not unfreq. confounded with _oh_, even by grammarians.
_Obelisk_, or _dagger_, as mark of reference.
_Objective case_, defined
–_Obj. case_, how distinguished from the _nom._ in nouns –before the infin. mood, how taken in Eng. –as governed by active-trans. verb or part. –“Active verbs govern the _obj. case_,” MURR., defect of this brief assertion; its uselessness as a RULE for “the syntax of verbs.” –_Obj. case_, of how many constructions susceptible –whether infinitives, participles, &c., can be in –two nouns in, after a verb, how parsed, –Whether any verb in Eng. governs _two objectives_ not coupled –_Obj. case_ as governed by passive verbs, erron. allowed by some –what verbs not to be employed without –_Obj. case_ as governed by prep.
–“Prepositions gov. the _obj. case_,” why the brief assertion is exceptionable, as the sole RULE, in parsing prep.
_Obsolete_ or antiquated words, use of, as opposed to purity, PREC. against –_Things obsolete_ in Eng., DR. LATHAM’S attempts to revive.
_Ocean_, figurative representation of, as uttering his voice in tones of varied quantity.
_Octometer_ line, may be reduced to tetrameter –iambic, examples of
–_trochaic_, do
–dactylic, example of
–_Octometer_, trochaic, rhyme and termination of; its pauses, and how may be divided; the most common form of.
_Of_ and _on_ or _upon_, difference between.
_Old English_, characters of its alphabet, shown –occasional use of do.
_Omissions_ of words that are needful to the sense, Crit. N. against.
_Omitting_, verbs of, with part. in stead of infin.
_One_, employment of, as a noun or as a substitute for a noun; how classed by some grammarians
–may be preceded by the articles, or by adjectives –like Fr. _on_ or _l’on_, used indef. for any person; in this sense preferable to a _pers._ pron. applied indefinitely –CHURCH., citation ridiculing the too frequent use of, for pers. pron. –as pronom. adj., requires verb and pron. in the third pers. sing. to agree with it. _One an other_, see _Other. One_, or _a unit_, whether it is a _number_.
_Only_, derivation of; class and meaning of, in its several different relations
–strictures on the instructions of grammarians respecting the classification and placing of
–ambiguous use of, (as also of _but_,) –use of, for _but_, or _except that_, not approved of by BROWN –_Not only, not merely
–but_, &c., correspondents.
_Onomatopoeia_ described and exemplified (extr. from SWIFT.)
_Or_, as expressing an alternation of terms, (Lat., _sive_.) –in Eng., is frequently equivocal; the ambiguity how avoided –_Or_, perh. contracted from _other_
–_Or_ and _nor_ discriminated
–_Or, nor_, grammarians dispute which of these words should be adopted after an other negative than _neither_ or _nor_; MURR., following PRIESTL., teaches that either word may be used with equal propriety; BURN’S doctrine; BROWN, after revising CHURCH., attempts to settle the question,
–_Or ever_, (“OR EVER _the earth was_,”) the term explained.
_Or_ or _our_, terminat., number of Eng. words in; how many of these may be written with _our_; BROWN’S practice and views in respect to this matter.
_Oral_ spelling, the advantage of, to learners.
_Order_ of things or events, the natural, PREC. directing the observance of, in the use of lang.
_Orders of verse_, see _Verse_.
_Ordinal_ numeral, (see _Numerals._)
–_Ordinal_ adjectives may qualify card. numbers; cannot properly be _qualified by_ do.
_Orthoepy_, see _Pronunciation_.
ORTHOGRAPHY
–_Orthography_, of what treats
–difficulties attending it in Eng. –DR. JOHNSON’S improvements in
–DR. WEBSTER’S do., in a different direction –ignorance of, with respect to any word used, what betokens in the user (See also _Spelling._) _Orthography_, figures of, MIMESIS and ARCHAISM
–its substantive or pronominal character; (with _one._) how classed by some; may be preceded by the articles –requires _than_ before the latter term of an exclusive comparison; yet sometimes perhaps better takes the prep. _besides. Each other one an other_, import and just application of, –misapplication of, frequent in books, –DR. WEBST. erron. explanation of _other_, as “a correlative to _each_,”
–_One_ and _other_, frequently used as terms relative and partitive, appar. demanding a plur. form,
–_An other_, in stead of _another_. _Somehow_ or _other, somewhere_ or _other_, how _other_ is to be disposed of.
_Ought_, principal verb, and not auxiliary, as called by MURR. _et al._, –originally part of the verb _to_ OWE; now used as defec. verb, –its tense, as limited by the infin. which follows.
_Ourself_, anomalous form peculiar to the regal style, –peculiar construc. of.
_Own_, its origin and import; its class and construc., –strangely called a _noun_ by DR. JOH.
P.
P, its name and plur. numb.,
–its sound,
–when silent,
–_Ph_, its sounds.
_Pairs_, words in, punct. of.
_Palatals_, what consonants so called.
_Parables_, in the Scriptures, see _Allegory_.
_Paragoge_, explained.
_Paragraph_ mark, for what used.
_Paralipsis_, or _apophasis_, explained.
_Parallels_, as marks of reference.
_Parenthesis_, signif. and twofold application of the term, –_Parenthesis_, marks of, (see _Curves_.) –What clause to be inclosed within the curves as a PARENTHESIS, and what should be its punct.,
–_Parentheses_, the introduction of, as affecting unity.
_Parsing_, defined.
–_Parsing_, its relation to grammar, –what must be considered in,
–the distinction between etymological and syntactical, to be maintained, against KIRKH. _et al._,
–character of the forms of etymological adopted by BROWN, –what implied in the right performance of, –whether different from analysis,
–what to be supplied in.
–_Parsing_, of a prep., how performed, –of a phrase, implies its separation, –the RULES OF GOVERNM., how to be applied in, –of words, is not varied by mere transposition. –_Parsing_, etymological and syntactical, in what order to be taken, –the SENSE, why necessary to be observed in; what required of the pupil in syntactical,
–syntactical, EXAMPLE of.
–_Parsing_ or CORRECTING, which exercise perh. the more useful.
_Participial adjectives_, see _Adjectives, Participial_.
_Participial_ or _verbal noun_, defined, –how distinguished from the participle. –_Participial noun_ and participle, the distinction between, ill preserved by MURR. and his amenders.
–_Participial noun_, distinc. of VOICE in, sometimes disregarded, (“_The day of my_ BURYING,”)
–_with_ INFIN. _following_, strictures on MURR., LENN., and BULL., with respect to examples of.
PARTICIPLES, Etymol. of.
–_Participle_, defined.
–_Participles_, whether they ought to be called verbs, –appropriate _naming_ of the kinds of, –often become adjectives,
–become adjectives by composition with something not belonging to the verb,
–number of, simp. and comp.,
–imply _time_, but do not divide it, –retain the _essential_ meaning of their verbs, but differ from them in the _formal_,
–in Eng., from what derived,
–H. TOOKE’S view of the time of; with whom BROWN differs. –_Participles_, Classes of, named and defined, –(See _Imperfect Participle_ and _Perfect Part_.) –_Participles_, grammarians differ in their opinion with respect to the time and voice of,
–how have been called and treated by some, –explanation of the different,
–how distinguished from particip. nouns, –elegantly taken as plur. nouns, (“_All his_ REDEEMED,”) –appar. used for adverbs,
–some become prepositions.
–_Participle_ and ADJUNCTS, as forming “one name,” and as such, _governing the poss._, whence the doctrine; PRIESTL. criticised; MURR. _et al_. adopt PRIESTL. doctrine, which they badly sustain; teachers of do. disagree among themselves, –governm. of possessives by, how BROWN generally disposes of; how determines with respect to such governm. –_Participles_, Synt. of,
–regular synt. of, twofold; nature of the two constructions; OTHER _less regular_ constructions; which two constructions of all, are legitimate uses of the participle; which constructions are of doubtf. propriety.
–_Participles_, to what RELATE, or in what state GOVERNED. –_Participle_, as relating to a phrase or sentence, –taken abstractly,
–irregularly used in Eng. as substitute for infin. mood, –in irreg. and mixed construc.
–_Participle_, transitive, what case governs, –nom. absol. with, to what equivalent, –each requires its appropriate FORM,
–questionable uses of, admitted by MURR. _et al_.; why BROWN is disposed to condemn these irregularities. –_Participle_ and particip. noun, distinction between, with respect to governm.
–_Participle_ in _ing_, multiplied uses of, lawful and forced, illustrated,
–equivalence of do. to infin. mood, instances of, –every mixed construc. of, how regarded by BROWN, –the “double nature” of, CROMB. on; his views, how accord with those of MURR. _et al._, HILEY’S treatment of; BROWN’S strictures on do. –_Participles_, place of:
–active, governm. of.
–_Participle_, trans., converted to a noun: –converted, _when_ the expression should be changed: –followed by an adj., its conversion into a noun appar. improper: –comp. converted, how managed:
–not to be used for infin., or other more appropriate term: –use of, for a nominative after _be, is, was_, &c., faulty: –following a verb of _preventing_, how to be managed. –_Participles_, converted, disposal of their adverbs: –must be construed with a regard to the leading word in sense: –should have a clear reference to their subjects: –needless use of, for nouns, to be avoided: –punct. of:
–derivation of:
–poet. peculiarities in the use of.
_Parts of speech_, meaning of the term: –_Parts of speech_, named and defined: –what explanations may aid learners to distinguish the different: –why needful that learners be early taught to make for themselves the prop. distribution of:
–WILS. on the distribution of:
–the preferable _number_ with respect to; the office of, specifically stated.
–The _parts of speech_, passage exemplifying all. –Examples of a partic. _part of speech_ accumulated in a sentence. –Etymol. and Synt. of the different _parts of speech_, see _Article, Noun, Adjective_, &c.
_Passions_ of the mind, by what tones to be expressed.
_Passive verb_, defined.
–_Pass. verbs_ contrasted with active-trans, verbs, in respect to the object or the agent of the action; their compos, and construc.: –their FORM in Eng.
–_Pass. verb_ BE LOVED, conjug. affirmatively. –_Pass. verbs_, how distinguished from neuters of the same form: –having active forms nearly equivalent to them, (_is rejoiced, rejoices_; _am resolved, know_, &c.,): –erroneously allowed by some to govern the obj. case in Eng.; CROMB. in this category, cited, canon, pseudo-canons.